NPASS Compound

Natural Product: NPC161751

Natural Product ID	NPC161751
Common Name ? The InCHIKey will be temporarily assigned as the "Common Name" if no IUPAC name or alternative short name is available.	Fatsicarpain D
IUPAC Name	(4aS,6aR,6bS,8aR,10R,12aS,14bS)-10-hydroxy-2,2,6a,6b,9,9,12a-heptamethyl-1,3,4,5,6,7,8,8a,10,11,12,14b-dodecahydropicene-4a-carboxylic acid
Synonyms	fatsicarpain D
Synthetic Gene Cluster	n.a.
ChEMBL Identifier	CHEMBL1823027
PubChem CID	53493582
Chemical Classification	CHEMONTID:0000000 [Organic compounds] [CHEMONTID:0000012] Lipids and lipid-like molecules [CHEMONTID:0000259] Prenol lipids [CHEMONTID:0001553] Triterpenoids

The Chemical Classification was calculated by Classyfire, a software for chemical taxonomy calculation. Reference: DOI:10.1186/s13321-016-0174-y.

Chemical Representations

RDKit 3D 79 83 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0999 V2000 4.9809 0.8666 2.7723 O 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4.5995 1.2227 1.5028 C 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3.3270 2.0371 1.4712 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3.0464 2.3454 0.0154 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2.5868 1.0976 -0.6936 C 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3.1090 -0.1229 0.0552 C 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4.4914 0.0362 0.5606 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4.7549 -1.1997 1.4408 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 5.5811 0.0780 -0.4500 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2.8365 -1.3795 -0.6646 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1.6076 -1.4371 -1.4818 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.6063 -0.3400 -1.3736 C 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1.1203 0.8683 -0.6502 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.2921 1.7837 -0.2085 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -1.1177 1.5192 -0.1484 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -1.6220 0.3399 -0.4906 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -0.7231 -0.7439 -0.9083 C 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -0.5334 -1.5767 0.4125 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -1.4804 -1.6814 -1.7893 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -2.5906 -2.2624 -0.9349 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -3.5693 -1.2277 -0.4859 C 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -3.0840 0.1571 -0.5279 C 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -3.8973 1.0901 0.3228 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -4.0728 0.6839 1.7415 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -3.0046 1.3467 2.5917 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -5.3985 1.2715 2.2770 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -4.0187 -0.7791 1.9817 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -4.1703 -1.6771 0.8227 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -4.6927 -1.2987 -1.5311 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -5.8452 -1.5752 -1.1932 O 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -4.3267 -1.0397 -2.8226 O 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.4176 0.2050 -2.8160 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3.1258 1.1938 -2.0801 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4.2455 0.4690 3.2640 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 5.3995 1.9085 1.1117 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2.4779 1.5741 2.0018 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3.6044 3.0254 1.9307 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4.0869 2.6101 -0.3823 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2.4812 3.2488 -0.1736 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2.4683 -0.1680 0.9956 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 5.0166 -2.0083 0.7299 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3.8827 -1.4039 2.0605 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 5.6792 -0.9650 2.0059 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 6.4936 -0.4159 -0.0015 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 5.3953 -0.4859 -1.3793 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 5.9286 1.1009 -0.6967 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3.7538 -1.6471 -1.2528 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2.8173 -2.2021 0.1178 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1.0619 -2.3877 -1.2554 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1.9337 -1.6223 -2.5547 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.6171 2.7713 0.1319 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -1.8281 2.2735 0.1732 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -0.3238 -2.6261 0.1748 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -1.3873 -1.4762 1.0722 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.3306 -1.1524 0.9644 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -0.8611 -2.5281 -2.1452 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -2.0137 -1.2289 -2.6437 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -3.1270 -3.0420 -1.5800 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -2.2379 -2.8760 -0.0854 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -3.3404 0.5374 -1.5937 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -4.9821 1.0583 -0.0975 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -3.6356 2.1280 0.1440 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -2.0368 0.8146 2.5216 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -3.2928 1.3257 3.6682 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -2.8781 2.4206 2.3268 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -6.0651 1.3334 1.3872 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -5.8171 0.6371 3.0653 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -5.2615 2.2828 2.6545 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -4.8821 -1.0190 2.6863 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -3.1294 -1.0517 2.6012 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -5.2531 -1.8854 0.6466 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -3.7551 -2.6908 1.1146 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -4.9642 -1.1704 -3.5872 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1.2980 -0.0936 -3.4105 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.1810 1.2722 -2.8164 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -0.4101 -0.3239 -3.3374 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4.0914 1.8030 -2.0532 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3.4320 0.2389 -2.5316 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2.4703 1.8351 -2.6903 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 2 1 0 2 3 1 0 3 4 1 0 4 5 1 0 5 6 1 0 6 7 1 0 7 8 1 0 7 9 1 0 6 10 1 0 10 11 1 0 11 12 1 0 12 13 1 0 13 14 2 0 14 15 1 0 15 16 2 0 16 17 1 0 17 18 1 1 17 19 1 0 19 20 1 0 20 21 1 0 21 22 1 0 22 23 1 0 23 24 1 0 24 25 1 0 24 26 1 0 24 27 1 0 27 28 1 0 21 29 1 6 29 30 2 0 29 31 1 0 12 32 1 6 5 33 1 6 7 2 1 0 17 12 1 0 28 21 1 0 13 5 1 0 22 16 1 0 1 34 1 0 2 35 1 6 3 36 1 0 3 37 1 0 4 38 1 0 4 39 1 0 6 40 1 1 8 41 1 0 8 42 1 0 8 43 1 0 9 44 1 0 9 45 1 0 9 46 1 0 10 47 1 0 10 48 1 0 11 49 1 0 11 50 1 0 14 51 1 0 15 52 1 0 18 53 1 0 18 54 1 0 18 55 1 0 19 56 1 0 19 57 1 0 20 58 1 0 20 59 1 0 22 60 1 6 23 61 1 0 23 62 1 0 25 63 1 0 25 64 1 0 25 65 1 0 26 66 1 0 26 67 1 0 26 68 1 0 27 69 1 0 27 70 1 0 28 71 1 0 28 72 1 0 31 73 1 0 32 74 1 0 32 75 1 0 32 76 1 0 33 77 1 0 33 78 1 0 33 79 1 0 M END

Standard InCHIKey	KICUTMUDQMLBSF-DDJNVBRHSA-N
Standard InCHI	InChI=1S/C30H46O3/c1-25(2)14-16-30(24(32)33)17-15-28(6)19(20(30)18-25)8-9-22-27(5)12-11-23(31)26(3,4)21(27)10-13-29(22,28)7/h8-9,20-21,23,31H,10-18H2,1-7H3,(H,32,33)/t20-,21-,23+,27-,28+,29+,30-/m0/s1
SMILES	O[C@@H]1CC[C@]2([C@H](C1(C)C)CC[C@@]1(C2=CC=C2[C@@]1(C)CC[C@@]1([C@H]2CC(C)(C)CC1)C(=O)O)C)C

Calculated Properties

Physi-Chem Properties

Molecular Weight:	454.34	Volume:	503.115 ? Van der Waals volume.
Dense:	0.903	LogP:	3.654 ? The logarithm of the n-octanol/water distribution coefficients.
logD7.4:	3.281 ? The logarithm of the n-octanol/water distribution coefficient at pH=7.4.	LogS:	-4.537 ? The logarithm of aqueous solubility value.
Rotatable Bonds:	1.0	Rigid Bonds:	27.0
TPSA:	57.53 ? Topological Polar Surface Area.	H-Bond Acceptor:	3.0
H-Bond Donor:	2.0	Rings:	5.0
Heavy Atoms:	3.0

MedChem Properties

QED Drug-Likeness Score:	0.442	GASA:	1.0 ? GASA represents the probability of being difficult to synthesize, ranging from 0 to 1.
Synthetic Accessibility Score:	4.784	Fsp³:	0.833
MCE-18:	103.527 ? MCE-18 stands for medicinal chemistry evolution.MCE-18≥45 is considered a suitable value.	Lipinski Rule-of-5:	Rejected
Pfizer Rule:	Accepted	GSK Rule:	Accepted
Golden Triangle Rule:	Rejected	BMS Rule:	0
Chelating Alert:	0	PAINS Alert:	0
Colloidal aggregators:	0.76	Fluc inhibitor:	0.155 ? The fluc inhibitor value is the probability of being fLuc inhibitors, within the range of 0 to 1.
Blue fluorescence:	0.017 ? The blue fluorescence value is the probability of being blue fluorescence, within the range of 0 to 1	Green fluorescence:	0.016 ? The green fluorescence value is the probability of being green fluorescence, within the range of 0 to 1
Reactive compounds:	0.441	Promiscuous compounds:	0.147

ADMET Properties (ADMETlab3.0)

ADMET: Absorption

Caco-2 Permeability:	-5.463	MDCK Permeability:	-5.039
Pgp-inhibitor:	0.043	Pgp-substrate:	0.005
PAMPA:	0.999 ? The experimental data for Peff was logarithmically transformed (logPeff). Molecules with log Peff values below 2.0 were classified as low-permeability (Category 0), while those with log Peff values exceeding 2.5 were classified as high-permeability (Category 1).	Human Intestinal Absorption (HIA):	0.001
20% Bioavailability (F20%):	0.54	30% Bioavailability (F30%):	0.037
50% Bioavailability (F50%):	0.982

ADMET: Distribution

Blood-Brain-Barrier Penetration (BBB):	0.277	MRP1:	0.952
Plasma Protein Binding (PPB):	89.765%	Volume Distribution (VD):	-0.126
Fu:	7.87% ? The fraction unbound in plasms.	OATP1B1 inhibitor:	1.0
OATP1B3 inhibitor:	0.838	BCRP inhibitor:	0.049
BSEP inhibitor:	0.998

ADMET: Metabolism

CYP1A2-inhibitor:	0.0	CYP1A2-substrate:	0.011
CYP2C19-inhibitor:	0.967	CYP2C19-substrate:	0.687
CYP2C9-inhibitor:	0.095	CYP2C9-substrate:	0.0
CYP2D6-inhibitor:	0.0	CYP2D6-substrate:	0.002
CYP3A4-inhibitor:	0.794	CYP3A4-substrate:	0.005
CYP2B6-substrate:	0.0	CYP2C8-inhibitor:	0.065
HLM stability:	0.99 ? Human liver microsomal (HLM) stability. Category 0: stable+ (HLM > 30 min); Category 1: unstable- (HLM ≤ 30 min). The output value is the probability of human liver microsomal instability, where a value closer to 1 indicates a higher likelihood of instability.

ADMET: Excretion

Clearance (CL):

5.421

Half-life (T1/2):

0.713

ADMET: Toxicity

hERG Blockers:	0.124	hERG Blockers (10um):	0.141
Human Hepatotoxicity (H-HT):	0.815	Drug-induced Liver Injury (DILI):	0.7
AMES Toxicity:	0.311	Rat Oral Acute Toxicity:	0.618
Maximum Recommended Daily Dose:	0.916	Skin Sensitization:	0.818
Carcinogencity:	0.618	Eye Corrosion:	0.0
Eye Irritation:	0.091	Respiratory Toxicity:	0.969
Drug-induced Neurotoxicity:	0.214	Ototoxicity:	0.873
Hematotoxicity:	0.519	Drug-induced Nephrotoxicity:	0.918
Genotoxicity:	0.833	RPMI-8226 Immunitoxicity:	0.166
A549 Cytotoxicity:	0.169	Hek293 Cytotoxicity:	0.206
BCF:	1.596 ? Bioconcentration factors are used for considering secondary poisoning potential and assessing risks to human health via the food chain. The unit is -log10[(mg/L)/(1000*MW)].	IGC50:	4.068 ? 48 hour Tetrahymena pyriformis IGC50. The unit of IGC50 is -log10[(mg/L)/(1000*MW)].
LC50DM:	5.528 ? 48 hour Daphnia magna LC50. The unit of LC50DM is -log10[(mg/L)/(1000*MW)].	LC50FM:	4.924 ? 96 hour fathead minnow LC50. The unit of LC50FM is -log10[(mg/L)/(1000*MW)].

Species Source

Organism ID	Organism Name	Taxonomy Level	Family	SuperKingdom	Isolation Part	Collection Location	Collection Time	Reference
NPO23200	Fatsia polycarpa	Species	Araliaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	twig	n.a.	PMID[21766884]
NPO23200	Fatsia polycarpa	Species	Araliaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	leaf	n.a.	PMID[21766884]
NPO23200	Fatsia polycarpa	Species	Araliaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[UNPD]

Note for Reference:
In addition to directly collecting NP source organism data from primary literature (where reference will provided as NCBI PMID or DOI links), NPASS also integrated them from below databases:
☉ UNPD: Universal Natural Products Database [PMID: 23638153].
☉ StreptomeDB: a database of streptomycetes natural products [PMID: 33051671].
☉ TM-MC: a database of medicinal materials and chemical compounds in Northeast Asian traditional medicine [PMID: 26156871].
☉ TCM@Taiwan: a Traditional Chinese Medicine database [PMID: 21253603].
☉ TCMID: a Traditional Chinese Medicine database [PMID: 29106634].
☉ TCMSP: The traditional Chinese medicine systems pharmacology database and analysis platform [PMID: 24735618].
☉ HerDing: a herb recommendation system to treat diseases using genes and chemicals [PMID: 26980517].
☉ MetaboLights: a metabolomics database [PMID: 27010336].
☉ FooDB: a database of constituents, chemistry and biology of food species [www.foodb.ca].

NP Quantity Composition/Concentration

Organism ID	Organism Name	Organism Material Preparation	Organism Part	NP Quantity (Standard)	NP Quantity (Minimum)	NP Quantity (Maximum)	Quantity Unit	Reference

Note for Reference:
In addition to directly collecting NP quantitative data from primary literature (where reference will provided as NCBI PMID or DOI links), NPASS also integrated NP quantitative records for specific NP domains (e.g., NPS from foods or herbs) from domain-specific databases. These databases include:
☉ DUKE: Dr. Duke's Phytochemical and Ethnobotanical Databases.
☉ PHENOL EXPLORER: is the first comprehensive database on polyphenol content in foods [PMID: 24103452], its homepage can be accessed at here.
☉ FooDB: a database of constituents, chemistry and biology of food species [www.foodb.ca].

Biological Activity

Activity Type	# Activity
MIC	2
IC50	2

Activity Type	# Activity
Cell line	1
Organism	2
Non-molecular	1

Molecular-level activity

Target ID	Target Type	Target Name	Target Organism	Activity Type	Activity Relation	Value	Unit	Reference

In vitro activity

Target ID	Target Type	Target Name	Target Organism	Activity Type	Activity Relation	Value	Unit	Reference
NPT196	Cell line	AGS	Homo sapiens	IC50	=	42800.0	nM	PMID[21766884]
NPT451	Organism	Helicobacter pylori	Helicobacter pylori	MIC	=	64.0	ug.mL-1	PMID[21766884]
NPT20529	Non-molecular	NON-PROTEIN TARGET	n.a.	IC50	=	28800.0	nM	PMID[21766884]
NPT314	Organism	Bacillus cereus	Bacillus cereus	MIC	=	8.0	ug.mL-1	PMID[21766884]

In vivo activity

Target ID	Target Type	Target Name	Target Organism	Activity Type	Activity Relation	Value	Unit	Reference

Experimental ADME

Experiment Model	Experiment Tissue	ADME Type	ADME Relation	ADME Value	ADME Unit	Reference

Experimental Toxicity

Quantitative toxicity

Experiment Model	Experiment Organism	Toxicity Type	Toxicity Relation	Toxicity Value	Toxicity Unit	Reference

Common Abbreviations:
LC: Lethal Concentration; LD: Lethal Dose; LT:Lethal Time; NOAEL: No-observed-adverse-effect Level; BMDL: Benchmark Dose Lower Confidence Limit; BMD: Benchmark Dose; BMC:Benchmark Concentration; LOAEL: Lowest Observed Adverse Effect Level; RfD:Reference Dose; RfC:Reference Concentration; MRL: Minimal Risk Level; MEG: Maximum Exposure Guideline; PAC: Protective Action Criteria

Categorical toxicity labels

Hepatotoxicity	Carcinogenicity	Mutagenicity	Cardiotoxicity	Respiratory Toxicity	Eye Irritation	Endocrine Disruption

Note for Reference:
In addition to directly collecting NP quantitative data from primary literature (where reference will provided as NCBI PMID or DOI links), NPASS also integrated NP toxicity records from domain-specific databases. These databases include:
☉ ToxValDB: a curated database that compiles quantitative toxicity values for chemicals from diverse public sources to support toxicological research and risk assessment.
☉ TOXRIC: a comprehensive, free-to-access, online database providing toxicological/feature data. The toxicity labels are retrieved from this database. [PMID: 36400569]

Chemically structural similarity

Similar Active Natural Products in NPASS

Top-200 similar NPs were calculated against the active-NP-set (includes approximately 50,000 NPs with experimentally-derived bioactivity available in NPASS)

Similarity is measured using the Tanimoto coefficient (Tc) , which compares the binary fingerprints of two molecules. Tc is calculated as the intersection divided by the union of '1' bits in the fingerprints, ranging from 0 to 1, with 1 indicating highest similarity.

● The left chart: Distribution of similarity level between NPC161751 and all remaining natural products in the NPASS database.
● The right table: Most similar natural products (Tc>=0.5 or Top200).

range	Tanimoto Coefficient
0-0.1	21386
0.1-0.2	24801
0.2-0.3	3081
0.3-0.4	475
0.4-0.5	94
0.5-0.6	13
0.6-0.7	5
0.7-0.8	0
0.8-0.85	0
0.85-0.9	0
0.9-0.95	0
0.95-1	2

Similarity Score	Similarity Level	Natural Product ID
1.0	High Similarity	NPC474972
1.0	High Similarity	NPC600543
0.6462	Remote Similarity	NPC95246
0.6119	Remote Similarity	NPC480946
0.6119	Remote Similarity	NPC130577
0.6119	Remote Similarity	NPC142415
0.6119	Remote Similarity	NPC102683
0.5775	Remote Similarity	NPC91010
0.5676	Remote Similarity	NPC474727
0.5652	Remote Similarity	NPC198664
0.5352	Remote Similarity	NPC270768
0.5352	Remote Similarity	NPC59263
0.5352	Remote Similarity	NPC182797
0.5352	Remote Similarity	NPC210106
0.5352	Remote Similarity	NPC64872
0.5352	Remote Similarity	NPC25906
0.5352	Remote Similarity	NPC52169
0.5352	Remote Similarity	NPC488562
0.5217	Remote Similarity	NPC72638
0.5205	Remote Similarity	NPC298554

Similar Clinical/Approved Drugs

Similarity level is defined by Tanimoto coefficient (Tc) between two molecules.

● The left chart: Distribution of similarity level between NPC161751 and all drugs/candidates.
● The right table: Most similar clinical/approved drugs (Tc>=0.5 or Top200).

range	Tanimoto Coefficient
0-0.1	6321
0.1-0.2	2756
0.2-0.3	68
0.3-0.4	4
0.4-0.5	1
0.5-0.6	0
0.6-0.7	0
0.7-0.8	0
0.8-0.85	0
0.85-0.9	0
0.9-0.95	0
0.95-1	0

Similarity Score	Similarity Level	Drug ID	Developmental Stage
		NPD

Bioactivity similarity

Similar Natural Products in NPASS

Similarity level is defined by Bioactivity similarity was calculated based on bioactivity descriptors of compounds. The bioactivity descriptors were calculated by a recently developed AI algorithm Chemical Checker (CC) [Nature Biotechnology, 38:1087–1096, 2020; Nature Communications, 12:3932, 2021], which evaluated bioactivity similarities at five levels:
☉ A: chemistry similarity;
☉ B: biological targets similarity;
☉ C: networks similarity;
☉ D: cell-based bioactivity similarity;
☉ E: similarity based on clinical data.
Those 5 categories of CC bioactivity descriptors were calculated and then subjected to manifold projection using UMAP algorithm, to project all NPs on a 2-Dimensional space. The current NP was highlighted with a small circle in the 2-D map. Below figures: left-to-right, A-to-E.

A: chemistry similarity

B: biological targets similarity

C: networks similarity

D: cell-based bioactivity similarity

E: similarity based on clinical data