NPASS Compound

Structure

NPC115672 OpenBabel06302215202D 32 36 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0999 V2000 1.8925 -6.2624 0.0000 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2.5275 -5.5568 0.0000 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2.2339 -4.6541 0.0000 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1.3053 -4.4570 0.0000 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1.0117 -3.5543 0.0000 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1.6467 -2.8487 0.0000 C 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2.5753 -3.0458 0.0000 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1.6464 -1.8994 0.0000 C 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2.4681 -1.4241 0.0000 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2.4678 -0.4744 0.0000 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.8231 -0.4749 0.0000 C 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.8225 1.4711 0.0000 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.8234 -1.4245 0.0000 C 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.8236 -2.3975 0.0000 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.0005 -1.8999 0.0000 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -0.8225 -1.4250 0.0000 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -0.8228 -0.4753 0.0000 C 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -0.8231 0.4749 0.0000 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -1.6459 -0.0005 0.0000 C 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -2.4681 -0.4758 0.0000 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -3.2907 -0.0009 0.0000 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -3.2909 0.9493 0.0000 C 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -2.4687 1.4246 0.0000 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -2.4690 2.3976 0.0000 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -3.3113 1.9111 0.0000 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -1.6462 0.9498 0.0000 C 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -0.8234 1.4251 0.0000 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -0.0003 0.9502 0.0000 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.0000 -0.0000 0.0000 C 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.8425 0.4867 0.0000 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -4.1338 1.4354 0.0000 O 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3.4561 -5.7539 0.0000 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 2 1 0 0 0 0 2 3 2 0 0 0 0 2 32 1 0 0 0 0 3 4 1 0 0 0 0 4 5 1 0 0 0 0 5 6 1 0 0 0 0 6 7 1 1 0 0 0 8 6 1 6 0 0 0 8 9 1 0 0 0 0 8 13 1 0 0 0 0 9 10 1 0 0 0 0 10 11 1 0 0 0 0 11 29 1 0 0 0 0 11 12 1 1 0 0 0 11 13 1 0 0 0 0 13 14 1 6 0 0 0 13 15 1 0 0 0 0 15 16 1 0 0 0 0 17 16 1 6 0 0 0 17 29 1 0 0 0 0 17 18 1 0 0 0 0 17 19 1 0 0 0 0 19 18 1 6 0 0 0 19 26 1 0 0 0 0 19 20 1 0 0 0 0 20 21 1 0 0 0 0 21 22 1 0 0 0 0 22 23 1 0 0 0 0 22 31 1 6 0 0 0 23 24 1 0 0 0 0 23 25 1 0 0 0 0 23 26 1 0 0 0 0 26 27 1 6 0 0 0 27 28 1 0 0 0 0 28 29 1 0 0 0 0 29 30 1 6 0 0 0 M END $$$$

Physi-Chem Properties

Molecular Weight:	440.4
Volume:	508.103
LogP:	7.093
LogD:	5.569
LogS:	-5.628
# Rotatable Bonds:	4
TPSA:	20.23
# H-Bond Aceptor:	1
# H-Bond Donor:	1
# Rings:	5
# Heavy Atoms:	1

MedChem Properties

QED Drug-Likeness Score:	0.434
Synthetic Accessibility Score:	5.712
Fsp3:	0.935
Lipinski Rule-of-5:	Accepted
Pfizer Rule:	Rejected
GSK Rule:	Rejected
BMS Rule:	0
Golden Triangle Rule:	Rejected
Chelating Alert:	0
PAINS Alert:	0

ADMET Properties (ADMETlab2.0)

ADMET: Absorption

Caco-2 Permeability:	-5.024
MDCK Permeability:	7.219421149784466e-06
Pgp-inhibitor:	0.0
Pgp-substrate:	0.0
Human Intestinal Absorption (HIA):	0.007
20% Bioavailability (F20%):	0.984
30% Bioavailability (F30%):	0.976

ADMET: Distribution

Blood-Brain-Barrier Penetration (BBB):	0.071
Plasma Protein Binding (PPB):	95.00984191894531%
Volume Distribution (VD):	1.469
Pgp-substrate:	1.7461638450622559%

ADMET: Metabolism

CYP1A2-inhibitor:	0.054
CYP1A2-substrate:	0.369
CYP2C19-inhibitor:	0.182
CYP2C19-substrate:	0.954
CYP2C9-inhibitor:	0.328
CYP2C9-substrate:	0.41
CYP2D6-inhibitor:	0.087
CYP2D6-substrate:	0.165
CYP3A4-inhibitor:	0.687
CYP3A4-substrate:	0.563

ADMET: Excretion

Clearance (CL):	8.066
Half-life (T1/2):	0.075

ADMET: Toxicity

hERG Blockers:	0.631
Human Hepatotoxicity (H-HT):	0.399
Drug-inuced Liver Injury (DILI):	0.009
AMES Toxicity:	0.002
Rat Oral Acute Toxicity:	0.091
Maximum Recommended Daily Dose:	0.878
Skin Sensitization:	0.964
Carcinogencity:	0.052
Eye Corrosion:	0.872
Eye Irritation:	0.846
Respiratory Toxicity:	0.796

Download Data

Data Type	Select
General Info & Identifiers & Properties
Structure MOL file
Source Organisms
Biological Activities
Similar NPs/Drugs

Natural Product: NPC115672

Natural Product ID:	NPC115672
*Common Name:**	YNBJLDSWFGUFRT-MACLWNDOSA-N
IUPAC Name:	n.a.
Synonyms:
Standard InCHIKey:	YNBJLDSWFGUFRT-MACLWNDOSA-N
Standard InCHI:	InChI=1S/C31H52O/c1-21(2)10-9-11-22(3)23-12-15-28(7)27(23,6)18-19-31-20-30(31)17-14-25(32)26(4,5)24(30)13-16-29(28,31)8/h10,22-25,32H,9,11-20H2,1-8H3/t22-,23+,24-,25-,27+,28+,29-,30+,31-/m0/s1
SMILES:	CC(=CCC[C@H](C)[C@H]1CC[C@]2(C)[C@]1(C)CC[C@]13C[C@]43CC[C@@H](C(C)(C)[C@@H]4CC[C@@]21C)O)C
Synthetic Gene Cluster:	n.a.
ChEMBL Identifier:	n.a.
PubChem CID:	n.a.
Chemical Classification:**	CHEMONTID:0000000 [Organic compounds] [CHEMONTID:0000012] Lipids and lipid-like molecules [CHEMONTID:0000258] Steroids and steroid derivatives [CHEMONTID:0002321] Cycloartanols and derivatives

*Note: the InCHIKey will be temporarily assigned as the "Common Name" if no IUPAC name or alternative short name is available.
**Note: the Chemical Classification was calculated by NPClassifier Version 1.5. Reference: PMID:34662515.

Species Source

Organism ID	Organism Name	Taxonomy Level	Family	SuperKingdom	Isolation Part	Collection Location	Collection Time	Reference
NPO29314	Mangifera indica	Species	Anacardiaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	DOI[10.1246/bcsj.30.618]
NPO29276	Juglans nigra	Species	Juglandaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	leaf	n.a.	PMID[14727919]
NPO29276	Juglans nigra	Species	Juglandaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	bark	n.a.	PMID[14727919]
NPO29276	Juglans nigra	Species	Juglandaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	xylem	n.a.	PMID[14727919]
NPO29276	Juglans nigra	Species	Juglandaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	root	n.a.	PMID[14727919]
NPO29530	Kaempferia marginata	Species	Zingiberaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	PMID[16309313]
NPO27743	Aaptos aaptos	Species	Suberitidae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	PMID[17716892]
NPO28864	Nauclea officinalis	Species	Rubiaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	PMID[19299148]
NPO29381	Trichilia rubescens	Species	Meliaceae	Eukaryota	leaves	Kibale National Park, Uganda	2000-2001	PMID[19299148]
NPO27743	Aaptos aaptos	Species	Suberitidae	Eukaryota	n.a.	South China Sea	n.a.	PMID[25211032]
NPO29314	Mangifera indica	Species	Anacardiaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	PMID[27466882]
NPO4055	Aspergillus unguis	Species	Aspergillaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	PMID[31117521]
NPO29530	Kaempferia marginata	Species	Zingiberaceae	Eukaryota	Rhizomes	n.a.	n.a.	PMID[31873014]
NPO29276	Juglans nigra	Species	Juglandaceae	Eukaryota	Shoot	n.a.	n.a.	Database[FooDB]
NPO29314	Mangifera indica	Species	Anacardiaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.		Database[FooDB]
NPO29276	Juglans nigra	Species	Juglandaceae	Eukaryota		n.a.	n.a.	Database[FooDB]
NPO29314	Mangifera indica	Species	Anacardiaceae	Eukaryota		n.a.	n.a.	Database[FooDB]
NPO29276	Juglans nigra	Species	Juglandaceae	Eukaryota	Essential Oil	n.a.	n.a.	Database[FooDB]
NPO29314	Mangifera indica	Species	Anacardiaceae	Eukaryota	Flower	n.a.	n.a.	Database[FooDB]
NPO29276	Juglans nigra	Species	Juglandaceae	Eukaryota	Fruit	n.a.	n.a.	Database[FooDB]
NPO29314	Mangifera indica	Species	Anacardiaceae	Eukaryota	Fruit	n.a.	n.a.	Database[FooDB]
NPO29276	Juglans nigra	Species	Juglandaceae	Eukaryota	Leaf	n.a.	n.a.	Database[FooDB]
NPO29314	Mangifera indica	Species	Anacardiaceae	Eukaryota	Leaf	n.a.	n.a.	Database[FooDB]
NPO29276	Juglans nigra	Species	Juglandaceae	Eukaryota	Pericarp	n.a.	n.a.	Database[FooDB]
NPO29276	Juglans nigra	Species	Juglandaceae	Eukaryota	Seed	n.a.	n.a.	Database[FooDB]
NPO29314	Mangifera indica	Species	Anacardiaceae	Eukaryota	Seed	n.a.	n.a.	Database[FooDB]
NPO29004	Ruta pinnata	Species	Rutaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[HerDing]
NPO28864	Nauclea officinalis	Species	Rubiaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[HerDing]
NPO29276	Juglans nigra	Species	Juglandaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[HerDing]
NPO28949	Croton cumingii	Species	Euphorbiaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[HerDing]
NPO29314	Mangifera indica	Species	Anacardiaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[HerDing]
NPO29314	Mangifera indica	Species	Anacardiaceae	Eukaryota	Fruits	n.a.		Database[Phenol-Explorer]
NPO29276	Juglans nigra	Species	Juglandaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[TCMID]
NPO28949	Croton cumingii	Species	Euphorbiaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[TCMID]
NPO28864	Nauclea officinalis	Species	Rubiaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[TCMID]
NPO29314	Mangifera indica	Species	Anacardiaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[TCMID]
NPO29004	Ruta pinnata	Species	Rutaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[TCMID]
NPO29530	Kaempferia marginata	Species	Zingiberaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[TCMID]
NPO4055	Aspergillus unguis	Species	Aspergillaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[TCMID]
NPO29344	Parabenzoin trilobum	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[TCMID]
NPO28805	Thymus piperella	Species	Lamiaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[TCMID]
NPO28864	Nauclea officinalis	Species	Rubiaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[TCM_Taiwan]
NPO29314	Mangifera indica	Species	Anacardiaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[TCM_Taiwan]
NPO29276	Juglans nigra	Species	Juglandaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[TCM_Taiwan]
NPO28971	Bersama yangambiensis	Species	Melianthaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[UNPD]
NPO27269	Annona impressivenia	Species	Annonaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[UNPD]
NPO29189	Castanopsis sclerophylla	Species	Fagaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[UNPD]
NPO4055	Aspergillus unguis	Species	Aspergillaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[UNPD]
NPO29415	Hovenia acerba	Species	Rhamnaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[UNPD]
NPO25981	Crinipellis scabella	Species	Marasmiaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[UNPD]
NPO13818	Narcissus concolor	Species	Amaryllidaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[UNPD]
NPO27743	Aaptos aaptos	Species	Suberitidae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[UNPD]
NPO3744	Polycephalomyces nipponicus	Species	Ophiocordycipitaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[UNPD]
NPO28784	Alseodaphne corneri	Species	Lauraceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[UNPD]
NPO29203	Gymnocarpium robertianum	Species	Cystopteridaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[UNPD]
NPO9157	Rubrivivax gelatinosus	Species	n.a.	Bacteria	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[UNPD]
NPO4244	Doodia picta	Species	Blechnaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[UNPD]
NPO29314	Mangifera indica	Species	Anacardiaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[UNPD]
NPO29488	Sophora angustifolia	Species	Fabaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[UNPD]
NPO29142	Kaunia saltensis	Species	Asteraceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[UNPD]
NPO29450	Streptomyces parvisporogenes	Species	Streptomycetaceae	Bacteria	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[UNPD]
NPO29344	Parabenzoin trilobum	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[UNPD]
NPO28805	Thymus piperella	Species	Lamiaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[UNPD]
NPO3340	Fridericia chica	Species	Bignoniaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[UNPD]
NPO29068	Papilio phorcas	Species	Papilionidae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[UNPD]
NPO28937	Heterotheca grandiflora	Species	Asteraceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[UNPD]
NPO1245	Eunicella cavolinii	Species	Gorgoniidae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[UNPD]
NPO29242	Salvia dorrii	Species	Lamiaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[UNPD]
NPO28845	Eragrostis viscosa	Species	Poaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[UNPD]
NPO29127	Cystophora scalaris	Species	Sargassaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[UNPD]
NPO29225	Oncoba echinata	Species	Salicaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[UNPD]
NPO29381	Trichilia rubescens	Species	Meliaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[UNPD]
NPO28949	Croton cumingii	Species	Euphorbiaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[UNPD]
NPO28824	Forsteronia refracta	Species	Apocynaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[UNPD]
NPO28898	Grewia mollis	Species	Malvaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[UNPD]
NPO29363	Aconitum nevadense	Species	Ranunculaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[UNPD]
NPO29004	Ruta pinnata	Species	Rutaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[UNPD]
NPO29400	Conocephalum japonicum	Species	Conocephalaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[UNPD]
NPO26192	Cordylanthus kingii	Species	Orobanchaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[UNPD]
NPO29510	Aulacocephalus temmincki	Species	Serranidae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[UNPD]
NPO29446	Stevia polycephala	Species	Asteraceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[UNPD]
NPO28918	Ophiolepis superba	Species	Ophiolepididae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[UNPD]
NPO29530	Kaempferia marginata	Species	Zingiberaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[UNPD]
NPO29154	Heliotropium floridum	Species	Heliotropiaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[UNPD]
NPO29047	Disynaphia halimifolia	Species	Asteraceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[UNPD]
NPO29276	Juglans nigra	Species	Juglandaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[UNPD]
NPO28864	Nauclea officinalis	Species	Rubiaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[UNPD]
NPO29292	Teucrium depressum	Species	Lamiaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[UNPD]

☑ Note for Reference:
In addition to directly collecting NP source organism data from primary literature (where reference will provided as NCBI PMID or DOI links), NPASS also integrated them from below databases:
☉ UNPD: Universal Natural Products Database [PMID: 23638153].
☉ StreptomeDB: a database of streptomycetes natural products [PMID: 33051671].
☉ TM-MC: a database of medicinal materials and chemical compounds in Northeast Asian traditional medicine [PMID: 26156871].
☉ TCM@Taiwan: a Traditional Chinese Medicine database [PMID: 21253603].
☉ TCMID: a Traditional Chinese Medicine database [PMID: 29106634].
☉ TCMSP: The traditional Chinese medicine systems pharmacology database and analysis platform [PMID: 24735618].
☉ HerDing: a herb recommendation system to treat diseases using genes and chemicals [PMID: 26980517].
☉ MetaboLights: a metabolomics database [PMID: 27010336].
☉ FooDB: a database of constituents, chemistry and biology of food species [www.foodb.ca].

NP Quantity Composition/Concentration

Organism ID	NP ID	Organism Material Preparation	Organism Part	NP Quantity (Standard)	NP Quantity (Minimum)	NP Quantity (Maximum)	Quantity Unit	Reference

☑ Note for Reference:
In addition to directly collecting NP quantitative data from primary literature (where reference will provided as NCBI PMID or DOI links), NPASS also integrated NP quantitative records for specific NP domains (e.g., NPS from foods or herbs) from domain-specific databases. These databases include:
☉ DUKE: Dr. Duke's Phytochemical and Ethnobotanical Databases.
☉ PHENOL EXPLORER: is the first comprehensive database on polyphenol content in foods [PMID: 24103452], its homepage can be accessed at here.
☉ FooDB: a database of constituents, chemistry and biology of food species [www.foodb.ca].

Biological Activity

Target ID	Target Type	Target Name	Target Organism	Activity Type	Activity Relation	Value	Unit	Reference

☑ Note for Activity Records:
☉ The quantitative biological activities were primarily integrated from ChEMBL (Version-30) database and were also directly collected from PubMed literature. PubMed PMID was provided as the reference link for each activity record.

Chemically structural similarity: I. Similar Active Natural Products in NPASS

Top-200 similar NPs were calculated against the active-NP-set (includes 4,3285 NPs with experimentally-derived bioactivity available in NPASS)

Similarity level is defined by Tanimoto coefficient (Tc) between two molecules. Tc lies between [0, 1] where '1' indicates the highest similarity. What is Tanimoto coefficient

● The left chart: Distribution of similarity level between NPC115672 and all remaining natural products in the NPASS database.
● The right table: Most similar natural products (Tc>=0.56 or Top200).

range	Tanimoto Coefficient
0-0.1	184
0.1-0.2	1717
0.2-0.3	9128
0.3-0.4	15407
0.4-0.5	5982
0.5-0.6	5395
0.6-0.7	3561
0.7-0.8	1030
0.8-0.85	200
0.85-0.9	58
0.9-0.95	32
0.95-1	3

Similarity Score	Similarity Level	Natural Product ID

Chemically structural similarity: II. Similar Clinical/Approved Drugs

Similarity level is defined by Tanimoto coefficient (Tc) between two molecules.

● The left chart: Distribution of similarity level between NPC115672 and all drugs/candidates.
● The right table: Most similar clinical/approved drugs (Tc>=0.56 or Top200).

range	Tanimoto Coefficient
0-0.1	188
0.1-0.2	1874
0.2-0.3	4595
0.3-0.4	1760
0.4-0.5	342
0.5-0.6	157
0.6-0.7	178
0.7-0.8	52
0.8-0.85	1
0.85-0.9	2
0.9-0.95	1
0.95-1	0

Similarity Score	Similarity Level	Drug ID	Developmental Stage

Bioactivity similarity: Similar Natural Products in NPASS

Bioactivity similarity was calculated based on bioactivity descriptors of compounds. The bioactivity descriptors were calculated by a recently developed AI algorithm Chemical Checker (CC) [Nature Biotechnology, 38:1087–1096, 2020; Nature Communications, 12:3932, 2021], which evaluated bioactivity similarities at five levels:
☉ A: chemistry similarity;
☉ B: biological targets similarity;
☉ C: networks similarity;
☉ D: cell-based bioactivity similarity;
☉ E: similarity based on clinical data.

Those 5 categories of CC bioactivity descriptors were calculated and then subjected to manifold projection using UMAP algorithm, to project all NPs on a 2-Dimensional space. The current NP was highlighted with a small circle in the 2-D map. Below figures: left-to-right, A-to-E.

A: chemistry similarity

B: biological targets similarity

C: networks similarity

D: cell-based bioactivity similarity

E: similarity based on clinical data