NPASS Compound

Natural Product: NPC98633

Natural Product ID	NPC98633
Common Name ? The InCHIKey will be temporarily assigned as the "Common Name" if no IUPAC name or alternative short name is available.	Sculponeatin B
IUPAC Name	n.a.
Synonyms
Synthetic Gene Cluster	n.a.
ChEMBL Identifier	CHEMBL1079532
PubChem CID	20056294
Chemical Classification	CHEMONTID:0000000 [Organic compounds] [CHEMONTID:0000012] Lipids and lipid-like molecules [CHEMONTID:0000259] Prenol lipids [CHEMONTID:0001283] Terpene lactones [CHEMONTID:0001538] Diterpene lactones

The Chemical Classification was calculated by Classyfire, a software for chemical taxonomy calculation. Reference: DOI:10.1186/s13321-016-0174-y.

Chemical Representations

RDKit 3D 52 57 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0999 V2000 -0.1257 -2.1903 0.1083 O 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -0.8742 -1.2667 0.8282 C 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -2.2621 -1.7804 0.9567 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -3.2434 -1.2978 -0.0427 C 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -2.4608 -0.9609 -1.3189 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -1.7979 0.3389 -0.8401 C 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -0.8084 0.1234 0.2407 C 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.5914 0.5196 -0.1595 C 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.6070 2.0585 -0.1552 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1.9171 2.3925 0.2626 O 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2.0509 1.5822 1.3736 C 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1.6307 0.2175 0.8299 C 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2.9348 -0.2974 0.2970 C 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3.3111 0.2704 -1.0259 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2.2438 0.2718 -2.0455 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.8582 0.0998 -1.5655 C 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.0212 0.9249 -2.3978 O 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -1.2919 1.0332 -2.0280 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -2.0496 1.7513 -2.7460 O 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3.0860 -1.7843 0.3898 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3.8959 0.3057 1.3347 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3.3670 1.5048 1.7157 O 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -3.0484 1.0743 -0.3703 C 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -3.7350 0.0522 0.4230 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -4.6244 0.2258 1.3770 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -2.7826 2.2420 0.2775 O 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.3614 -2.8203 0.6865 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -0.4470 -1.2883 1.8753 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -2.6860 -1.5800 1.9841 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -2.2379 -2.9049 0.8960 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -4.0624 -1.9938 -0.2333 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -3.1878 -0.7053 -2.0993 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -1.7444 -1.7314 -1.5747 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -1.0854 0.8185 1.0893 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.4993 2.4771 -1.1548 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -0.0618 2.4572 0.6103 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1.3750 1.8568 2.2056 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1.3596 -0.3826 1.6952 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3.7050 1.3157 -0.8553 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4.2194 -0.2962 -1.3797 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2.3616 1.2122 -2.6621 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2.4772 -0.5493 -2.7871 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.5104 -0.9361 -1.7587 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2.5816 -2.1490 1.3086 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4.1525 -2.0506 0.4468 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2.5803 -2.3143 -0.4615 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3.9290 -0.3734 2.2130 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4.8833 0.3685 0.8341 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -3.6566 1.2366 -1.3012 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -5.0832 -0.5907 1.9136 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -4.9204 1.2327 1.6479 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -3.2333 2.2803 1.1422 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 2 1 0 2 3 1 0 3 4 1 0 4 5 1 0 5 6 1 0 6 7 1 0 7 8 1 0 8 9 1 6 9 10 1 0 10 11 1 0 11 12 1 0 12 13 1 0 13 14 1 0 14 15 1 0 15 16 1 0 16 17 1 0 17 18 1 0 18 19 2 0 13 20 1 6 13 21 1 0 21 22 1 0 6 23 1 0 23 24 1 0 24 25 2 0 23 26 1 0 7 2 1 0 16 8 1 0 24 4 1 0 6 18 1 6 12 8 1 0 22 11 1 0 1 27 1 0 2 28 1 1 3 29 1 0 3 30 1 0 4 31 1 6 5 32 1 0 5 33 1 0 7 34 1 1 9 35 1 0 9 36 1 0 11 37 1 1 12 38 1 1 14 39 1 0 14 40 1 0 15 41 1 0 15 42 1 0 16 43 1 1 20 44 1 0 20 45 1 0 20 46 1 0 21 47 1 0 21 48 1 0 23 49 1 6 25 50 1 0 25 51 1 0 26 52 1 0 M END

Standard InCHIKey	PADYQJTWJTWLFC-XORDJPJWSA-N
Standard InCHI	InChI=1S/C20H26O6/c1-9-10-5-11(21)13-19(6-10,15(9)22)17(23)26-12-3-4-18(2)7-24-16-14(18)20(12,13)8-25-16/h10-16,21-22H,1,3-8H2,2H3/t10-,11-,12+,13-,14-,15-,16+,18+,19+,20+/m1/s1
SMILES	O[C@@H]1C[C@@H]2C[C@]3([C@@H]1[C@]14CO[C@H]5[C@@H]4[C@](CC[C@@H]1OC3=O)(C)CO5)[C@@H](C2=C)O

Calculated Properties

Physi-Chem Properties

Molecular Weight:	362.17	Volume:	350.606 ? Van der Waals volume.
Dense:	1.033	LogP:	0.906 ? The logarithm of the n-octanol/water distribution coefficients.
logD7.4:	1.426 ? The logarithm of the n-octanol/water distribution coefficient at pH=7.4.	LogS:	-2.766 ? The logarithm of aqueous solubility value.
Rotatable Bonds:	0.0	Rigid Bonds:	28.0
TPSA:	85.22 ? Topological Polar Surface Area.	H-Bond Acceptor:	6.0
H-Bond Donor:	2.0	Rings:	6.0
Heavy Atoms:	6.0

MedChem Properties

QED Drug-Likeness Score:	0.494	GASA:	1.0 ? GASA represents the probability of being difficult to synthesize, ranging from 0 to 1.
Synthetic Accessibility Score:	7.075	Fsp³:	0.85
MCE-18:	139.135 ? MCE-18 stands for medicinal chemistry evolution.MCE-18≥45 is considered a suitable value.	Lipinski Rule-of-5:	Rejected
Pfizer Rule:	Rejected	GSK Rule:	Rejected
Golden Triangle Rule:	Rejected	BMS Rule:	0
Chelating Alert:	0	PAINS Alert:	0
Colloidal aggregators:	0.511	Fluc inhibitor:	0.0 ? The fluc inhibitor value is the probability of being fLuc inhibitors, within the range of 0 to 1.
Blue fluorescence:	0.021 ? The blue fluorescence value is the probability of being blue fluorescence, within the range of 0 to 1	Green fluorescence:	0.0 ? The green fluorescence value is the probability of being green fluorescence, within the range of 0 to 1
Reactive compounds:	0.188	Promiscuous compounds:	0.468

ADMET Properties (ADMETlab3.0)

ADMET: Absorption

Caco-2 Permeability:	-4.925	MDCK Permeability:	-4.804
Pgp-inhibitor:	0.018	Pgp-substrate:	0.452
PAMPA:	0.6 ? The experimental data for Peff was logarithmically transformed (logPeff). Molecules with log Peff values below 2.0 were classified as low-permeability (Category 0), while those with log Peff values exceeding 2.5 were classified as high-permeability (Category 1).	Human Intestinal Absorption (HIA):	0.0
20% Bioavailability (F20%):	0.106	30% Bioavailability (F30%):	0.051
50% Bioavailability (F50%):	0.631

ADMET: Distribution

Blood-Brain-Barrier Penetration (BBB):	0.011	MRP1:	0.163
Plasma Protein Binding (PPB):	46.755%	Volume Distribution (VD):	0.033
Fu:	58.141% ? The fraction unbound in plasms.	OATP1B1 inhibitor:	0.983
OATP1B3 inhibitor:	0.862	BCRP inhibitor:	0.035
BSEP inhibitor:	0.812

ADMET: Metabolism

CYP1A2-inhibitor:	0.002	CYP1A2-substrate:	0.002
CYP2C19-inhibitor:	0.052	CYP2C19-substrate:	0.006
CYP2C9-inhibitor:	0.0	CYP2C9-substrate:	0.038
CYP2D6-inhibitor:	0.0	CYP2D6-substrate:	0.042
CYP3A4-inhibitor:	0.992	CYP3A4-substrate:	0.998
CYP2B6-substrate:	0.0	CYP2C8-inhibitor:	0.221
HLM stability:	0.003 ? Human liver microsomal (HLM) stability. Category 0: stable+ (HLM > 30 min); Category 1: unstable- (HLM ≤ 30 min). The output value is the probability of human liver microsomal instability, where a value closer to 1 indicates a higher likelihood of instability.

ADMET: Excretion

Clearance (CL):

5.425

Half-life (T1/2):

2.524

ADMET: Toxicity

hERG Blockers:	0.039	hERG Blockers (10um):	0.278
Human Hepatotoxicity (H-HT):	0.791	Drug-induced Liver Injury (DILI):	0.915
AMES Toxicity:	0.925	Rat Oral Acute Toxicity:	0.692
Maximum Recommended Daily Dose:	0.834	Skin Sensitization:	0.996
Carcinogencity:	0.492	Eye Corrosion:	0.003
Eye Irritation:	0.945	Respiratory Toxicity:	0.854
Drug-induced Neurotoxicity:	0.703	Ototoxicity:	0.697
Hematotoxicity:	0.722	Drug-induced Nephrotoxicity:	0.878
Genotoxicity:	0.987	RPMI-8226 Immunitoxicity:	0.213
A549 Cytotoxicity:	0.466	Hek293 Cytotoxicity:	0.391
BCF:	0.548 ? Bioconcentration factors are used for considering secondary poisoning potential and assessing risks to human health via the food chain. The unit is -log10[(mg/L)/(1000*MW)].	IGC50:	3.241 ? 48 hour Tetrahymena pyriformis IGC50. The unit of IGC50 is -log10[(mg/L)/(1000*MW)].
LC50DM:	5.028 ? 48 hour Daphnia magna LC50. The unit of LC50DM is -log10[(mg/L)/(1000*MW)].	LC50FM:	4.178 ? 96 hour fathead minnow LC50. The unit of LC50FM is -log10[(mg/L)/(1000*MW)].

Species Source

Organism ID	Organism Name	Taxonomy Level	Family	SuperKingdom	Isolation Part	Collection Location	Collection Time	Reference
NPO28626.2	Isodon rubescens var. lushiensis	Varieties	Lamiaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	PMID[14575445]
NPO21139	Daphniphyllum calycinum	Species	Daphniphyllaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	PMID[19099464]
NPO19475	Isodon sculponeatus	Species	Lamiaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	PMID[19697926]
NPO28626.2	Isodon rubescens var. lushiensis	Varieties	Lamiaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	PMID[20521771]
NPO8991	Carcinus maenas	Species	Carcinidae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	PMID[2421673]
NPO19475	Isodon sculponeatus	Species	Lamiaceae	Eukaryota	aerial parts	Muli County, Sichuan Province, China	2011-AUG	PMID[24219809]
NPO21139	Daphniphyllum calycinum	Species	Daphniphyllaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	leaf	n.a.	PMID[9599286]
NPO17240	Crematogaster brevis	Species	Formicidae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[COCONUT]
NPO19485	Isodon sculponeata	Species	Lamiaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[COCONUT]
NPO28626.2	Isodon rubescens var. lushiensis	Varieties	Lamiaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[COCONUT]
NPO21139	Daphniphyllum calycinum	Species	Daphniphyllaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[COCONUT]
NPO20336	Arctotheca calendula	Species	Asteraceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[COCONUT]
NPO16021	Boletus bovinus	Species	Boletaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[COCONUT]
NPO8991	Carcinus maenas	Species	Carcinidae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[COCONUT]
NPO19889	Cereus stellatus	Species	Sagartiidae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[COCONUT]
NPO19768	Xylosalsola arbuscula	Species	Chenopodiaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[COCONUT]
NPO21482	Crotalaria laburnifolia	Species	Fabaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[COCONUT]
NPO17508	Danae racemosa	Species	Asparagaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[COCONUT]
NPO20470	Elaeagnus orientalis	Species	Elaeagnaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[COCONUT]
NPO19475	Isodon sculponeatus	Species	Lamiaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[COCONUT]
NPO20115	Melampodium argophyllum	Species	Asteraceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[COCONUT]
NPO19763	Meloidogyne incognita	Species	Meloidogynidae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[COCONUT]
NPO1558	Ozothamnus obcordatus	Species	Asteraceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[COCONUT]
NPO20543	Psydrax livida	Species	Rubiaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[COCONUT]
NPO16409	Quercus pedunculata	Species	Fagaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[COCONUT]
NPO21614	Urceolaria scruposa	Species	Trichodinidae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[COCONUT]
NPO28626.2	Isodon rubescens var. lushiensis	Varieties	Lamiaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[HerDing]
NPO19485	Isodon sculponeata	Species	Lamiaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[HerDing]
NPO21482	Crotalaria laburnifolia	Species	Fabaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[HerDing]
NPO21482	Crotalaria laburnifolia	Species	Fabaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[TCMID]
NPO21139	Daphniphyllum calycinum	Species	Daphniphyllaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[TCMID]
NPO19485	Isodon sculponeata	Species	Lamiaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[TCMID]
NPO28626.2	Isodon rubescens var. lushiensis	Varieties	Lamiaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[TCMID]
NPO21614	Urceolaria scruposa	Species	Trichodinidae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[UNPD]
NPO17508	Danae racemosa	Species	Asparagaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[UNPD]
NPO19768	Xylosalsola arbuscula	Species	Chenopodiaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[UNPD]
NPO19475	Isodon sculponeatus	Species	Lamiaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[UNPD]
NPO20336	Arctotheca calendula	Species	Asteraceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[UNPD]
NPO8991	Carcinus maenas	Species	Carcinidae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[UNPD]
NPO20470	Elaeagnus orientalis	Species	Elaeagnaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[UNPD]
NPO16409	Quercus pedunculata	Species	Fagaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[UNPD]
NPO1558	Ozothamnus obcordatus	Species	Asteraceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[UNPD]
NPO16021	Boletus bovinus	Species	Boletaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[UNPD]
NPO20543	Psydrax livida	Species	Rubiaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[UNPD]
NPO21482	Crotalaria laburnifolia	Species	Fabaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[UNPD]
NPO17240	Crematogaster brevis	Species	Formicidae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[UNPD]
NPO20115	Melampodium argophyllum	Species	Asteraceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[UNPD]
NPO19889	Cereus stellatus	Species	Sagartiidae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[UNPD]
NPO19763	Meloidogyne incognita	Species	Meloidogynidae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[UNPD]
NPO21139	Daphniphyllum calycinum	Species	Daphniphyllaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[UNPD]

Note for Reference:
In addition to directly collecting NP source organism data from primary literature (where reference will provided as NCBI PMID or DOI links), NPASS also integrated them from below databases:
☉ UNPD: Universal Natural Products Database [PMID: 23638153].
☉ StreptomeDB: a database of streptomycetes natural products [PMID: 33051671].
☉ TM-MC: a database of medicinal materials and chemical compounds in Northeast Asian traditional medicine [PMID: 26156871].
☉ TCM@Taiwan: a Traditional Chinese Medicine database [PMID: 21253603].
☉ TCMID: a Traditional Chinese Medicine database [PMID: 29106634].
☉ TCMSP: The traditional Chinese medicine systems pharmacology database and analysis platform [PMID: 24735618].
☉ HerDing: a herb recommendation system to treat diseases using genes and chemicals [PMID: 26980517].
☉ MetaboLights: a metabolomics database [PMID: 27010336].
☉ FooDB: a database of constituents, chemistry and biology of food species [www.foodb.ca].

NP Quantity Composition/Concentration

Organism ID	Organism Name	Organism Material Preparation	Organism Part	NP Quantity (Standard)	NP Quantity (Minimum)	NP Quantity (Maximum)	Quantity Unit	Reference

Note for Reference:
In addition to directly collecting NP quantitative data from primary literature (where reference will provided as NCBI PMID or DOI links), NPASS also integrated NP quantitative records for specific NP domains (e.g., NPS from foods or herbs) from domain-specific databases. These databases include:
☉ DUKE: Dr. Duke's Phytochemical and Ethnobotanical Databases.
☉ PHENOL EXPLORER: is the first comprehensive database on polyphenol content in foods [PMID: 24103452], its homepage can be accessed at here.
☉ FooDB: a database of constituents, chemistry and biology of food species [www.foodb.ca].

Biological Activity

Activity Type	# Activity
IC50	13

Activity Type	# Activity
Cell line	13

Molecular-level activity

Target ID	Target Type	Target Name	Target Organism	Activity Type	Activity Relation	Value	Unit	Reference

In vitro activity

Target ID	Target Type	Target Name	Target Organism	Activity Type	Activity Relation	Value	Unit	Reference
NPT111	Cell line	K562	Homo sapiens	IC50	>	10000.0	nM	PMID[19697926]
NPT81	Cell line	A549	Homo sapiens	IC50	>	10000.0	nM	PMID[20521771]
NPT65	Cell line	HepG2	Homo sapiens	IC50	>	10000.0	nM	PMID[19697926]
NPT116	Cell line	HL-60	Homo sapiens	IC50	>	10000.0	nM	PMID[20521771]
NPT659	Cell line	SMMC-7721	Homo sapiens	IC50	>	10000.0	nM	PMID[20521771]
NPT134	Cell line	SK-BR-3	Homo sapiens	IC50	>	10000.0	nM	PMID[20521771]
NPT461	Cell line	PANC-1	Homo sapiens	IC50	>	10000.0	nM	PMID[20521771]
NPT660	Cell line	SW480	Homo sapiens	IC50	>	40000.0	nM	PMID[24219809]
NPT83	Cell line	MCF7	Homo sapiens	IC50	>	40000.0	nM	PMID[24219809]
NPT81	Cell line	A549	Homo sapiens	IC50	>	40000.0	nM	PMID[24219809]
NPT659	Cell line	SMMC-7721	Homo sapiens	IC50	>	40000.0	nM	PMID[24219809]
NPT116	Cell line	HL-60	Homo sapiens	IC50	>	40000.0	nM	PMID[24219809]

In vivo activity

Target ID	Target Type	Target Name	Target Organism	Activity Type	Activity Relation	Value	Unit	Reference

Experimental ADME

Experiment Model	Experiment Tissue	ADME Type	ADME Relation	ADME Value	ADME Unit	Reference

Experimental Toxicity

Quantitative toxicity

Experiment Model	Experiment Organism	Toxicity Type	Toxicity Relation	Toxicity Value	Toxicity Unit	Reference

Common Abbreviations:
LC: Lethal Concentration; LD: Lethal Dose; LT:Lethal Time; NOAEL: No-observed-adverse-effect Level; BMDL: Benchmark Dose Lower Confidence Limit; BMD: Benchmark Dose; BMC:Benchmark Concentration; LOAEL: Lowest Observed Adverse Effect Level; RfD:Reference Dose; RfC:Reference Concentration; MRL: Minimal Risk Level; MEG: Maximum Exposure Guideline; PAC: Protective Action Criteria

Categorical toxicity labels

Hepatotoxicity	Carcinogenicity	Mutagenicity	Cardiotoxicity	Respiratory Toxicity	Eye Irritation	Endocrine Disruption

Note for Reference:
In addition to directly collecting NP quantitative data from primary literature (where reference will provided as NCBI PMID or DOI links), NPASS also integrated NP toxicity records from domain-specific databases. These databases include:
☉ ToxValDB: a curated database that compiles quantitative toxicity values for chemicals from diverse public sources to support toxicological research and risk assessment.
☉ TOXRIC: a comprehensive, free-to-access, online database providing toxicological/feature data. The toxicity labels are retrieved from this database. [PMID: 36400569]

Chemically structural similarity

Similar Active Natural Products in NPASS

Top-200 similar NPs were calculated against the active-NP-set (includes approximately 50,000 NPs with experimentally-derived bioactivity available in NPASS)

Similarity is measured using the Tanimoto coefficient (Tc) , which compares the binary fingerprints of two molecules. Tc is calculated as the intersection divided by the union of '1' bits in the fingerprints, ranging from 0 to 1, with 1 indicating highest similarity.

● The left chart: Distribution of similarity level between NPC98633 and all remaining natural products in the NPASS database.
● The right table: Most similar natural products (Tc>=0.5 or Top200).

range	Tanimoto Coefficient
0-0.1	16077
0.1-0.2	29023
0.2-0.3	4643
0.3-0.4	84
0.4-0.5	19
0.5-0.6	5
0.6-0.7	1
0.7-0.8	0
0.8-0.85	0
0.85-0.9	0
0.9-0.95	0
0.95-1	1

Similarity Score	Similarity Level	Natural Product ID
1.0	High Similarity	NPC483233
0.7705	Intermediate Similarity	NPC483253
0.7705	Intermediate Similarity	NPC483254
0.7097	Intermediate Similarity	NPC98069
0.7097	Intermediate Similarity	NPC483216
0.6562	Remote Similarity	NPC285086
0.5882	Remote Similarity	NPC49730
0.5493	Remote Similarity	NPC483251
0.5493	Remote Similarity	NPC483252
0.5122	Remote Similarity	NPC483235
0.5122	Remote Similarity	NPC19013

Similar Clinical/Approved Drugs

Similarity level is defined by Tanimoto coefficient (Tc) between two molecules.

● The left chart: Distribution of similarity level between NPC98633 and all drugs/candidates.
● The right table: Most similar clinical/approved drugs (Tc>=0.5 or Top200).

range	Tanimoto Coefficient
0-0.1	6279
0.1-0.2	2806
0.2-0.3	65
0.3-0.4	0
0.4-0.5	0
0.5-0.6	0
0.6-0.7	0
0.7-0.8	0
0.8-0.85	0
0.85-0.9	0
0.9-0.95	0
0.95-1	0

Similarity Score	Similarity Level	Drug ID	Developmental Stage
		NPD

Bioactivity similarity

Similar Natural Products in NPASS

Similarity level is defined by Bioactivity similarity was calculated based on bioactivity descriptors of compounds. The bioactivity descriptors were calculated by a recently developed AI algorithm Chemical Checker (CC) [Nature Biotechnology, 38:1087–1096, 2020; Nature Communications, 12:3932, 2021], which evaluated bioactivity similarities at five levels:
☉ A: chemistry similarity;
☉ B: biological targets similarity;
☉ C: networks similarity;
☉ D: cell-based bioactivity similarity;
☉ E: similarity based on clinical data.
Those 5 categories of CC bioactivity descriptors were calculated and then subjected to manifold projection using UMAP algorithm, to project all NPs on a 2-Dimensional space. The current NP was highlighted with a small circle in the 2-D map. Below figures: left-to-right, A-to-E.

A: chemistry similarity

B: biological targets similarity

C: networks similarity

D: cell-based bioactivity similarity

E: similarity based on clinical data