NPASS Compound

Natural Product: NPC55383

Natural Product ID	NPC55383
Common Name ? The InCHIKey will be temporarily assigned as the "Common Name" if no IUPAC name or alternative short name is available.	Petrosynol
IUPAC Name	(3S,4E,14S,15E,17S,26E,28S)-triaconta-4,15,26-trien-1,12,18,29-tetrayne-3,14,17,28-tetrol
Synonyms	Petrosynol
Synthetic Gene Cluster	n.a.
ChEMBL Identifier	CHEMBL465332
PubChem CID	44566965
Chemical Classification	CHEMONTID:0000000 [Organic compounds] [CHEMONTID:0000012] Lipids and lipid-like molecules [CHEMONTID:0003909] Fatty Acyls [CHEMONTID:0001334] Fatty alcohols

The Chemical Classification was calculated by Classyfire, a software for chemical taxonomy calculation. Reference: DOI:10.1186/s13321-016-0174-y.

Chemical Representations

RDKit 3D 74 73 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0999 V2000 -1.2030 -3.7291 -2.1628 O 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -1.0198 -3.0247 -0.9823 C 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -2.0968 -2.2869 -0.4724 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -3.0788 -1.6052 0.0168 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -4.0124 -0.9526 0.4782 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -5.1677 -1.3937 1.3207 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -6.4115 -0.5190 0.8499 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -6.0494 0.9263 0.9483 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -6.8376 1.6409 -0.0720 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -8.2104 1.9726 0.0327 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -9.2517 0.9941 0.3232 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -10.2832 0.6739 -0.4517 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -11.0769 -0.3041 0.1626 C 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -12.4939 0.3201 0.5515 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -13.4381 0.7160 0.8072 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -11.5258 -1.2635 -0.8506 O 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -0.0374 -1.8473 -1.4248 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -0.3028 -0.6660 -0.8864 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.4104 0.5379 -1.1472 C 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1.7361 0.5870 -0.3866 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2.7802 0.6124 0.1936 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4.0335 0.6285 0.8760 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4.8392 1.6695 -0.1073 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 6.1549 2.0213 0.3449 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 7.1358 0.8564 0.2915 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 7.3697 0.4218 -1.1117 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 8.2185 -0.8849 -0.9825 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 9.2744 -0.4498 -0.0753 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 10.5396 -0.3141 -0.2469 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 11.4830 0.2169 0.8595 C 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 11.7171 -0.9987 1.7515 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 11.9428 -2.0720 2.5528 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 12.4762 0.8848 0.5184 O 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.8147 0.4696 -2.5181 O 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -0.3632 -3.9976 -2.5904 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -0.4385 -3.5881 -0.2453 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -3.5916 -0.0349 1.1917 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -4.5031 -0.2146 -0.3743 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -5.4754 -2.4452 1.1562 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -5.1266 -1.1984 2.3818 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -6.6668 -0.8166 -0.1991 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -7.1656 -0.7816 1.5654 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -6.3667 1.3275 1.9770 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -5.0052 1.1849 0.8548 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -6.2675 2.4889 -0.5167 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -6.7896 0.9182 -1.0563 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -8.5391 2.4030 -1.0191 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -8.3927 2.9142 0.6690 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -9.0985 0.4185 1.3161 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -10.3280 1.1062 -1.4427 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -10.7697 -0.8364 1.0375 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -14.6054 1.2161 1.1252 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -11.0840 -0.9334 -1.6946 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.7916 -2.1391 -1.9976 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -1.0662 -0.5704 -0.0518 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -0.0965 1.4384 -1.0414 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4.5570 -0.2192 0.9083 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4.0349 1.2312 1.8341 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4.8254 0.9623 -1.0265 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4.1294 2.4228 -0.3873 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 6.2108 2.4172 1.4323 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 6.5828 2.7956 -0.3178 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 6.7537 0.1192 0.9818 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 8.0748 1.3514 0.7077 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 8.0112 1.1633 -1.6262 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 6.5118 0.3015 -1.7628 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 7.6424 -1.7125 -0.5950 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 8.6004 -1.1197 -2.0070 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 8.9438 -0.2316 0.9832 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 11.0343 -0.6637 -1.1697 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 10.6971 0.8095 1.4989 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 12.1140 -2.9343 3.1763 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 12.2103 1.8339 0.1880 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1.5856 -0.2241 -2.5315 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 2 1 0 2 3 1 0 3 4 3 0 4 5 1 0 5 6 1 0 6 7 1 0 7 8 1 0 8 9 1 0 9 10 1 0 10 11 1 0 11 12 2 0 12 13 1 0 13 14 1 0 14 15 3 0 13 16 1 0 2 17 1 0 17 18 2 0 18 19 1 0 19 20 1 0 20 21 3 0 21 22 1 0 22 23 1 0 23 24 1 0 24 25 1 0 25 26 1 0 26 27 1 0 27 28 1 0 28 29 2 0 29 30 1 0 30 31 1 0 31 32 3 0 30 33 1 0 19 34 1 0 1 35 1 0 2 36 1 1 5 37 1 0 5 38 1 0 6 39 1 0 6 40 1 0 7 41 1 0 7 42 1 0 8 43 1 0 8 44 1 0 9 45 1 0 9 46 1 0 10 47 1 0 10 48 1 0 11 49 1 0 12 50 1 0 13 51 1 1 15 52 1 0 16 53 1 0 17 54 1 0 18 55 1 0 19 56 1 6 22 57 1 0 22 58 1 0 23 59 1 0 23 60 1 0 24 61 1 0 24 62 1 0 25 63 1 0 25 64 1 0 26 65 1 0 26 66 1 0 27 67 1 0 27 68 1 0 28 69 1 0 29 70 1 0 30 71 1 1 32 72 1 0 33 73 1 0 34 74 1 0 M END

Standard InCHIKey	XSMIHZSZZNCCEL-NRECIPLLSA-N
Standard InCHI	InChI=1S/C30H40O4/c1-3-27(31)21-17-13-9-5-7-11-15-19-23-29(33)25-26-30(34)24-20-16-12-8-6-10-14-18-22-28(32)4-2/h1-2,17-18,21-22,25-34H,5-16H2/b21-17+,22-18+,26-25+/t27-,28-,29-,30-/m1/s1
SMILES	O[C@H](C#CCCCCCC/C=C/[C@@H](C#C)O)/C=C/[C@@H](C#CCCCCCC/C=C/[C@@H](C#C)O)O

Calculated Properties

Physi-Chem Properties

Molecular Weight:	464.29	Volume:	533.596 ? Van der Waals volume.
Dense:	0.87	LogP:	3.521 ? The logarithm of the n-octanol/water distribution coefficients.
logD7.4:	2.742 ? The logarithm of the n-octanol/water distribution coefficient at pH=7.4.	LogS:	-3.773 ? The logarithm of aqueous solubility value.
Rotatable Bonds:	16.0	Rigid Bonds:	7.0
TPSA:	80.92 ? Topological Polar Surface Area.	H-Bond Acceptor:	4.0
H-Bond Donor:	4.0	Rings:	0.0
Heavy Atoms:	4.0

MedChem Properties

QED Drug-Likeness Score:	0.158	GASA:	1.0 ? GASA represents the probability of being difficult to synthesize, ranging from 0 to 1.
Synthetic Accessibility Score:	4.993	Fsp³:	0.533
MCE-18:	4.0 ? MCE-18 stands for medicinal chemistry evolution.MCE-18≥45 is considered a suitable value.	Lipinski Rule-of-5:	Rejected
Pfizer Rule:	Rejected	GSK Rule:	Accepted
Golden Triangle Rule:	Rejected	BMS Rule:	0
Chelating Alert:	0	PAINS Alert:	0
Colloidal aggregators:	0.578	Fluc inhibitor:	0.0 ? The fluc inhibitor value is the probability of being fLuc inhibitors, within the range of 0 to 1.
Blue fluorescence:	0.002 ? The blue fluorescence value is the probability of being blue fluorescence, within the range of 0 to 1	Green fluorescence:	0.001 ? The green fluorescence value is the probability of being green fluorescence, within the range of 0 to 1
Reactive compounds:	0.667	Promiscuous compounds:	0.065

ADMET Properties (ADMETlab3.0)

ADMET: Absorption

Caco-2 Permeability:	-4.994	MDCK Permeability:	-4.606
Pgp-inhibitor:	0.0	Pgp-substrate:	0.0
PAMPA:	0.993 ? The experimental data for Peff was logarithmically transformed (logPeff). Molecules with log Peff values below 2.0 were classified as low-permeability (Category 0), while those with log Peff values exceeding 2.5 were classified as high-permeability (Category 1).	Human Intestinal Absorption (HIA):	0.0
20% Bioavailability (F20%):	0.0	30% Bioavailability (F30%):	0.002
50% Bioavailability (F50%):	0.933

ADMET: Distribution

Blood-Brain-Barrier Penetration (BBB):	0.0	MRP1:	0.0
Plasma Protein Binding (PPB):	98.046%	Volume Distribution (VD):	0.137
Fu:	0.177% ? The fraction unbound in plasms.	OATP1B1 inhibitor:	0.0
OATP1B3 inhibitor:	0.001	BCRP inhibitor:	0.998
BSEP inhibitor:	1.0

ADMET: Metabolism

CYP1A2-inhibitor:	0.0	CYP1A2-substrate:	0.138
CYP2C19-inhibitor:	0.0	CYP2C19-substrate:	0.997
CYP2C9-inhibitor:	0.006	CYP2C9-substrate:	0.244
CYP2D6-inhibitor:	0.0	CYP2D6-substrate:	1.0
CYP3A4-inhibitor:	0.017	CYP3A4-substrate:	0.965
CYP2B6-substrate:	0.0	CYP2C8-inhibitor:	1.0
HLM stability:	0.167 ? Human liver microsomal (HLM) stability. Category 0: stable+ (HLM > 30 min); Category 1: unstable- (HLM ≤ 30 min). The output value is the probability of human liver microsomal instability, where a value closer to 1 indicates a higher likelihood of instability.

ADMET: Excretion

Clearance (CL):

4.025

Half-life (T1/2):

1.41

ADMET: Toxicity

hERG Blockers:	0.004	hERG Blockers (10um):	0.225
Human Hepatotoxicity (H-HT):	0.747	Drug-induced Liver Injury (DILI):	0.039
AMES Toxicity:	0.119	Rat Oral Acute Toxicity:	0.692
Maximum Recommended Daily Dose:	0.996	Skin Sensitization:	0.999
Carcinogencity:	0.877	Eye Corrosion:	0.001
Eye Irritation:	0.572	Respiratory Toxicity:	1.0
Drug-induced Neurotoxicity:	0.689	Ototoxicity:	0.966
Hematotoxicity:	0.001	Drug-induced Nephrotoxicity:	0.927
Genotoxicity:	0.001	RPMI-8226 Immunitoxicity:	0.688
A549 Cytotoxicity:	0.112	Hek293 Cytotoxicity:	0.945
BCF:	1.283 ? Bioconcentration factors are used for considering secondary poisoning potential and assessing risks to human health via the food chain. The unit is -log10[(mg/L)/(1000*MW)].	IGC50:	5.671 ? 48 hour Tetrahymena pyriformis IGC50. The unit of IGC50 is -log10[(mg/L)/(1000*MW)].
LC50DM:	7.444 ? 48 hour Daphnia magna LC50. The unit of LC50DM is -log10[(mg/L)/(1000*MW)].	LC50FM:	6.333 ? 96 hour fathead minnow LC50. The unit of LC50FM is -log10[(mg/L)/(1000*MW)].

Species Source

Organism ID	Organism Name	Taxonomy Level	Family	SuperKingdom	Isolation Part	Collection Location	Collection Time	Reference
NPO7174	Callyspongia truncata	Species	Callyspongiidae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	PMID[12088440]
NPO7174	Callyspongia truncata	Species	Callyspongiidae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	PMID[12713420]
NPO7174	Callyspongia truncata	Species	Callyspongiidae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[COCONUT]
NPO7174	Callyspongia truncata	Species	Callyspongiidae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[UNPD]

Note for Reference:
In addition to directly collecting NP source organism data from primary literature (where reference will provided as NCBI PMID or DOI links), NPASS also integrated them from below databases:
☉ UNPD: Universal Natural Products Database [PMID: 23638153].
☉ StreptomeDB: a database of streptomycetes natural products [PMID: 33051671].
☉ TM-MC: a database of medicinal materials and chemical compounds in Northeast Asian traditional medicine [PMID: 26156871].
☉ TCM@Taiwan: a Traditional Chinese Medicine database [PMID: 21253603].
☉ TCMID: a Traditional Chinese Medicine database [PMID: 29106634].
☉ TCMSP: The traditional Chinese medicine systems pharmacology database and analysis platform [PMID: 24735618].
☉ HerDing: a herb recommendation system to treat diseases using genes and chemicals [PMID: 26980517].
☉ MetaboLights: a metabolomics database [PMID: 27010336].
☉ FooDB: a database of constituents, chemistry and biology of food species [www.foodb.ca].

NP Quantity Composition/Concentration

Organism ID	Organism Name	Organism Material Preparation	Organism Part	NP Quantity (Standard)	NP Quantity (Minimum)	NP Quantity (Maximum)	Quantity Unit	Reference

Note for Reference:
In addition to directly collecting NP quantitative data from primary literature (where reference will provided as NCBI PMID or DOI links), NPASS also integrated NP quantitative records for specific NP domains (e.g., NPS from foods or herbs) from domain-specific databases. These databases include:
☉ DUKE: Dr. Duke's Phytochemical and Ethnobotanical Databases.
☉ PHENOL EXPLORER: is the first comprehensive database on polyphenol content in foods [PMID: 24103452], its homepage can be accessed at here.
☉ FooDB: a database of constituents, chemistry and biology of food species [www.foodb.ca].

Biological Activity

Activity Type	# Activity
IC50	1

Activity Type	# Activity
Individual protein	1

Molecular-level activity

Target ID	Target Type	Target Name	Target Organism	Activity Type	Activity Relation	Value	Unit	Reference
NPT60	Individual protein	Lysosomal alpha-glucosidase	Homo sapiens	IC50	=	4.08	ug.mL-1	PubChem BioAssay data set

In vitro activity

Target ID	Target Type	Target Name	Target Organism	Activity Type	Activity Relation	Value	Unit	Reference

In vivo activity

Target ID	Target Type	Target Name	Target Organism	Activity Type	Activity Relation	Value	Unit	Reference

Experimental ADME

Experiment Model	Experiment Tissue	ADME Type	ADME Relation	ADME Value	ADME Unit	Reference

Experimental Toxicity

Quantitative toxicity

Experiment Model	Experiment Organism	Toxicity Type	Toxicity Relation	Toxicity Value	Toxicity Unit	Reference

Common Abbreviations:
LC: Lethal Concentration; LD: Lethal Dose; LT:Lethal Time; NOAEL: No-observed-adverse-effect Level; BMDL: Benchmark Dose Lower Confidence Limit; BMD: Benchmark Dose; BMC:Benchmark Concentration; LOAEL: Lowest Observed Adverse Effect Level; RfD:Reference Dose; RfC:Reference Concentration; MRL: Minimal Risk Level; MEG: Maximum Exposure Guideline; PAC: Protective Action Criteria

Categorical toxicity labels

Hepatotoxicity	Carcinogenicity	Mutagenicity	Cardiotoxicity	Respiratory Toxicity	Eye Irritation	Endocrine Disruption

Note for Reference:
In addition to directly collecting NP quantitative data from primary literature (where reference will provided as NCBI PMID or DOI links), NPASS also integrated NP toxicity records from domain-specific databases. These databases include:
☉ ToxValDB: a curated database that compiles quantitative toxicity values for chemicals from diverse public sources to support toxicological research and risk assessment.
☉ TOXRIC: a comprehensive, free-to-access, online database providing toxicological/feature data. The toxicity labels are retrieved from this database. [PMID: 36400569]

Chemically structural similarity

Similar Active Natural Products in NPASS

Top-200 similar NPs were calculated against the active-NP-set (includes approximately 50,000 NPs with experimentally-derived bioactivity available in NPASS)

Similarity is measured using the Tanimoto coefficient (Tc) , which compares the binary fingerprints of two molecules. Tc is calculated as the intersection divided by the union of '1' bits in the fingerprints, ranging from 0 to 1, with 1 indicating highest similarity.

● The left chart: Distribution of similarity level between NPC55383 and all remaining natural products in the NPASS database.
● The right table: Most similar natural products (Tc>=0.5 or Top200).

range	Tanimoto Coefficient
0-0.1	43097
0.1-0.2	6239
0.2-0.3	396
0.3-0.4	36
0.4-0.5	27
0.5-0.6	22
0.6-0.7	27
0.7-0.8	0
0.8-0.85	1
0.85-0.9	0
0.9-0.95	0
0.95-1	0

Similarity Score	Similarity Level	Natural Product ID
0.8235	Intermediate Similarity	NPC197272
0.7027	Intermediate Similarity	NPC89824
0.7027	Intermediate Similarity	NPC475477
0.7027	Intermediate Similarity	NPC256656
0.7027	Intermediate Similarity	NPC294278
0.7027	Intermediate Similarity	NPC477723
0.6897	Remote Similarity	NPC125122
0.6897	Remote Similarity	NPC471276
0.6897	Remote Similarity	NPC471280
0.6897	Remote Similarity	NPC471281
0.6857	Remote Similarity	NPC477727
0.6667	Remote Similarity	NPC170776
0.6667	Remote Similarity	NPC9273
0.6667	Remote Similarity	NPC165447
0.6667	Remote Similarity	NPC471959
0.6667	Remote Similarity	NPC199286
0.6667	Remote Similarity	NPC489046
0.6667	Remote Similarity	NPC76198
0.6667	Remote Similarity	NPC610719
0.6452	Remote Similarity	NPC607242
0.6341	Remote Similarity	NPC224148
0.625	Remote Similarity	NPC249670
0.619	Remote Similarity	NPC473896
0.619	Remote Similarity	NPC473735
0.619	Remote Similarity	NPC329608
0.6061	Remote Similarity	NPC474642
0.6061	Remote Similarity	NPC473913
0.6047	Remote Similarity	NPC473847
0.6047	Remote Similarity	NPC473721
0.6047	Remote Similarity	NPC473725
0.6047	Remote Similarity	NPC473910
0.6047	Remote Similarity	NPC475384
0.6047	Remote Similarity	NPC473532
0.5854	Remote Similarity	NPC48058
0.5814	Remote Similarity	NPC470969
0.5778	Remote Similarity	NPC473652
0.5714	Remote Similarity	NPC474644
0.5581	Remote Similarity	NPC477726
0.5581	Remote Similarity	NPC477725
0.5556	Remote Similarity	NPC152668
0.5526	Remote Similarity	NPC471960
0.5417	Remote Similarity	NPC168407
0.5385	Remote Similarity	NPC187361
0.5333	Remote Similarity	NPC311648
0.5263	Remote Similarity	NPC471239
0.5263	Remote Similarity	NPC161838
0.5263	Remote Similarity	NPC474643
0.5263	Remote Similarity	NPC473865
0.5208	Remote Similarity	NPC470967
0.5208	Remote Similarity	NPC470968
0.5192	Remote Similarity	NPC48968
0.5135	Remote Similarity	NPC124183
0.5135	Remote Similarity	NPC482802
0.5102	Remote Similarity	NPC601905
0.5102	Remote Similarity	NPC603973

Similar Clinical/Approved Drugs

Similarity level is defined by Tanimoto coefficient (Tc) between two molecules.

● The left chart: Distribution of similarity level between NPC55383 and all drugs/candidates.
● The right table: Most similar clinical/approved drugs (Tc>=0.5 or Top200).

range	Tanimoto Coefficient
0-0.1	8639
0.1-0.2	494
0.2-0.3	16
0.3-0.4	1
0.4-0.5	0
0.5-0.6	0
0.6-0.7	0
0.7-0.8	0
0.8-0.85	0
0.85-0.9	0
0.9-0.95	0
0.95-1	0

Similarity Score	Similarity Level	Drug ID	Developmental Stage
		NPD

Bioactivity similarity

Similar Natural Products in NPASS

Similarity level is defined by Bioactivity similarity was calculated based on bioactivity descriptors of compounds. The bioactivity descriptors were calculated by a recently developed AI algorithm Chemical Checker (CC) [Nature Biotechnology, 38:1087–1096, 2020; Nature Communications, 12:3932, 2021], which evaluated bioactivity similarities at five levels:
☉ A: chemistry similarity;
☉ B: biological targets similarity;
☉ C: networks similarity;
☉ D: cell-based bioactivity similarity;
☉ E: similarity based on clinical data.
Those 5 categories of CC bioactivity descriptors were calculated and then subjected to manifold projection using UMAP algorithm, to project all NPs on a 2-Dimensional space. The current NP was highlighted with a small circle in the 2-D map. Below figures: left-to-right, A-to-E.

A: chemistry similarity

B: biological targets similarity

C: networks similarity

D: cell-based bioactivity similarity

E: similarity based on clinical data