NPASS Compound

Natural Product: NPC494008

Natural Product ID	NPC494008
Common Name ? The InCHIKey will be temporarily assigned as the "Common Name" if no IUPAC name or alternative short name is available.	4-hexenyl butyrate
IUPAC Name	hex-4-enyl butanoate
Synonyms
Synthetic Gene Cluster	n.a.
ChEMBL Identifier	n.a.
PubChem CID	n.a.
Chemical Classification	CHEMONTID:0000000 [Organic compounds]

The Chemical Classification was calculated by Classyfire, a software for chemical taxonomy calculation. Reference: DOI:10.1186/s13321-016-0174-y.

Chemical Representations

RDKit 3D 30 29 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0999 V2000 -5.0079 0.7375 -0.3770 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -3.8235 -0.0974 -0.8359 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -2.6804 0.1172 -0.2280 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -1.4832 -0.6817 -0.6501 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -1.0341 -1.4635 0.5701 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.1496 -2.3356 0.3020 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1.2974 -1.6463 -0.1392 O 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1.8947 -0.6703 0.6215 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1.3959 -0.3876 1.7368 O 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3.1040 0.0754 0.1931 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2.9461 1.5756 0.2613 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4.3020 2.1373 -0.2005 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -5.9133 0.1696 -0.6442 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -4.9159 0.7968 0.7179 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -4.9097 1.7106 -0.8837 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -3.8909 -0.8236 -1.6170 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -2.6179 0.8464 0.5606 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -0.6650 0.0084 -1.0047 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -1.7363 -1.3472 -1.4998 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -1.8950 -2.1167 0.8361 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -0.8336 -0.7329 1.3735 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -0.1015 -3.0705 -0.5063 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.3662 -2.8963 1.2505 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3.9055 -0.2084 0.9236 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3.4292 -0.2493 -0.8073 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2.1572 1.9098 -0.4838 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2.7095 1.9332 1.2717 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4.2144 3.1808 -0.5430 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4.9596 2.0781 0.6979 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4.6771 1.4506 -0.9685 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 2 1 0 2 3 2 3 3 4 1 0 4 5 1 0 5 6 1 0 6 7 1 0 7 8 1 0 8 9 2 0 8 10 1 0 10 11 1 0 11 12 1 0 1 13 1 0 1 14 1 0 1 15 1 0 2 16 1 0 3 17 1 0 4 18 1 0 4 19 1 0 5 20 1 0 5 21 1 0 6 22 1 0 6 23 1 0 10 24 1 0 10 25 1 0 11 26 1 0 11 27 1 0 12 28 1 0 12 29 1 0 12 30 1 0 M END

Standard InCHIKey	IKWWFLZYECOJNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N
Standard InCHI	InChI=1S/C10H18O2/c1-3-5-6-7-9-12-10(11)8-4-2/h3,5H,4,6-9H2,1-2H3
SMILES	CC=CCCCOC(=O)CCC

Calculated Properties

Physi-Chem Properties

Molecular Weight:	170.13	Volume:	193.824 ? Van der Waals volume.
Dense:	0.878	LogP:	3.446 ? The logarithm of the n-octanol/water distribution coefficients.
logD7.4:	2.927 ? The logarithm of the n-octanol/water distribution coefficient at pH=7.4.	LogS:	-3.087 ? The logarithm of aqueous solubility value.
Rotatable Bonds:	7.0	Rigid Bonds:	2.0
TPSA:	26.3 ? Topological Polar Surface Area.	H-Bond Acceptor:	2.0
H-Bond Donor:	0.0	Rings:	0.0
Heavy Atoms:	2.0

MedChem Properties

QED Drug-Likeness Score:	0.348	GASA:	0.0 ? GASA represents the probability of being difficult to synthesize, ranging from 0 to 1.
Synthetic Accessibility Score:	2.292	Fsp³:	0.7
MCE-18:	0.0 ? MCE-18 stands for medicinal chemistry evolution.MCE-18≥45 is considered a suitable value.	Lipinski Rule-of-5:	Rejected
Pfizer Rule:	Accepted	GSK Rule:	Rejected
Golden Triangle Rule:	Accepted	BMS Rule:	0
Chelating Alert:	0	PAINS Alert:	0
Colloidal aggregators:	0.021	Fluc inhibitor:	0.004 ? The fluc inhibitor value is the probability of being fLuc inhibitors, within the range of 0 to 1.
Blue fluorescence:	0.003 ? The blue fluorescence value is the probability of being blue fluorescence, within the range of 0 to 1	Green fluorescence:	0.011 ? The green fluorescence value is the probability of being green fluorescence, within the range of 0 to 1
Reactive compounds:	1.0	Promiscuous compounds:	0.147

ADMET Properties (ADMETlab3.0)

ADMET: Absorption

Caco-2 Permeability:	-4.586	MDCK Permeability:	-4.781
Pgp-inhibitor:	0.481	Pgp-substrate:	0.358
PAMPA:	0.102 ? The experimental data for Peff was logarithmically transformed (logPeff). Molecules with log Peff values below 2.0 were classified as low-permeability (Category 0), while those with log Peff values exceeding 2.5 were classified as high-permeability (Category 1).	Human Intestinal Absorption (HIA):	0.059
20% Bioavailability (F20%):	0.389	30% Bioavailability (F30%):	0.45
50% Bioavailability (F50%):	0.883

ADMET: Distribution

Blood-Brain-Barrier Penetration (BBB):	0.777	MRP1:	0.935
Plasma Protein Binding (PPB):	69.689%	Volume Distribution (VD):	-0.235
Fu:	29.167% ? The fraction unbound in plasms.	OATP1B1 inhibitor:	0.489
OATP1B3 inhibitor:	0.816	BCRP inhibitor:	0.128
BSEP inhibitor:	0.994

ADMET: Metabolism

CYP1A2-inhibitor:	0.061	CYP1A2-substrate:	0.999
CYP2C19-inhibitor:	0.101	CYP2C19-substrate:	0.936
CYP2C9-inhibitor:	0.002	CYP2C9-substrate:	0.024
CYP2D6-inhibitor:	0.0	CYP2D6-substrate:	0.911
CYP3A4-inhibitor:	0.353	CYP3A4-substrate:	0.982
CYP2B6-substrate:	0.224	CYP2C8-inhibitor:	0.997
HLM stability:	0.999 ? Human liver microsomal (HLM) stability. Category 0: stable+ (HLM > 30 min); Category 1: unstable- (HLM ≤ 30 min). The output value is the probability of human liver microsomal instability, where a value closer to 1 indicates a higher likelihood of instability.

ADMET: Excretion

Clearance (CL):

7.362

Half-life (T1/2):

0.395

ADMET: Toxicity

hERG Blockers:	0.13	hERG Blockers (10um):	0.487
Human Hepatotoxicity (H-HT):	0.194	Drug-induced Liver Injury (DILI):	0.106
AMES Toxicity:	0.285	Rat Oral Acute Toxicity:	0.227
Maximum Recommended Daily Dose:	0.13	Skin Sensitization:	0.906
Carcinogencity:	0.492	Eye Corrosion:	0.969
Eye Irritation:	0.99	Respiratory Toxicity:	0.33
Drug-induced Neurotoxicity:	0.179	Ototoxicity:	0.143
Hematotoxicity:	0.108	Drug-induced Nephrotoxicity:	0.338
Genotoxicity:	0.012	RPMI-8226 Immunitoxicity:	0.048
A549 Cytotoxicity:	0.027	Hek293 Cytotoxicity:	0.089
BCF:	0.675 ? Bioconcentration factors are used for considering secondary poisoning potential and assessing risks to human health via the food chain. The unit is -log10[(mg/L)/(1000*MW)].	IGC50:	3.032 ? 48 hour Tetrahymena pyriformis IGC50. The unit of IGC50 is -log10[(mg/L)/(1000*MW)].
LC50DM:	4.395 ? 48 hour Daphnia magna LC50. The unit of LC50DM is -log10[(mg/L)/(1000*MW)].	LC50FM:	4.051 ? 96 hour fathead minnow LC50. The unit of LC50FM is -log10[(mg/L)/(1000*MW)].

Species Source

Organism ID	Organism Name	Taxonomy Level	Family	SuperKingdom	Isolation Part	Collection Location	Collection Time	Reference
NPO10856	Passiflora edulis	Species	Passifloraceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	PMID[21608987]
NPO10856	Passiflora edulis	Species	Passifloraceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[COCONUT]
NPO10856	Passiflora edulis	Species	Passifloraceae	Eukaryota		n.a.	n.a.	Database[FooDB]
NPO10856	Passiflora edulis	Species	Passifloraceae	Eukaryota	Fruit	n.a.	n.a.	Database[FooDB]
NPO10856	Passiflora edulis	Species	Passifloraceae	Eukaryota	Fruit Juice	n.a.	n.a.	Database[FooDB]
NPO10856	Passiflora edulis	Species	Passifloraceae	Eukaryota	Seed	n.a.	n.a.	Database[FooDB]
NPO10856	Passiflora edulis	Species	Passifloraceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.		Database[FooDB]
NPO10856	Passiflora edulis	Species	Passifloraceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[HerDing]
NPO10856	Passiflora edulis	Species	Passifloraceae	Eukaryota	Fruits	n.a.		Database[Phenol-Explorer]
NPO10856	Passiflora edulis	Species	Passifloraceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[TCMID]
NPO10856	Passiflora edulis	Species	Passifloraceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[UNPD]

Note for Reference:
In addition to directly collecting NP source organism data from primary literature (where reference will provided as NCBI PMID or DOI links), NPASS also integrated them from below databases:
☉ UNPD: Universal Natural Products Database [PMID: 23638153].
☉ StreptomeDB: a database of streptomycetes natural products [PMID: 33051671].
☉ TM-MC: a database of medicinal materials and chemical compounds in Northeast Asian traditional medicine [PMID: 26156871].
☉ TCM@Taiwan: a Traditional Chinese Medicine database [PMID: 21253603].
☉ TCMID: a Traditional Chinese Medicine database [PMID: 29106634].
☉ TCMSP: The traditional Chinese medicine systems pharmacology database and analysis platform [PMID: 24735618].
☉ HerDing: a herb recommendation system to treat diseases using genes and chemicals [PMID: 26980517].
☉ MetaboLights: a metabolomics database [PMID: 27010336].
☉ FooDB: a database of constituents, chemistry and biology of food species [www.foodb.ca].

NP Quantity Composition/Concentration

Organism ID	Organism Name	Organism Material Preparation	Organism Part	NP Quantity (Standard)	NP Quantity (Minimum)	NP Quantity (Maximum)	Quantity Unit	Reference

Note for Reference:
In addition to directly collecting NP quantitative data from primary literature (where reference will provided as NCBI PMID or DOI links), NPASS also integrated NP quantitative records for specific NP domains (e.g., NPS from foods or herbs) from domain-specific databases. These databases include:
☉ DUKE: Dr. Duke's Phytochemical and Ethnobotanical Databases.
☉ PHENOL EXPLORER: is the first comprehensive database on polyphenol content in foods [PMID: 24103452], its homepage can be accessed at here.
☉ FooDB: a database of constituents, chemistry and biology of food species [www.foodb.ca].

Biological Activity

Molecular-level activity

Target ID	Target Type	Target Name	Target Organism	Activity Type	Activity Relation	Value	Unit	Reference

In vitro activity

Target ID	Target Type	Target Name	Target Organism	Activity Type	Activity Relation	Value	Unit	Reference

In vivo activity

Target ID	Target Type	Target Name	Target Organism	Activity Type	Activity Relation	Value	Unit	Reference

Experimental ADME

Experiment Model	Experiment Tissue	ADME Type	ADME Relation	ADME Value	ADME Unit	Reference

Experimental Toxicity

Quantitative toxicity

Experiment Model	Experiment Organism	Toxicity Type	Toxicity Relation	Toxicity Value	Toxicity Unit	Reference

Common Abbreviations:
LC: Lethal Concentration; LD: Lethal Dose; LT:Lethal Time; NOAEL: No-observed-adverse-effect Level; BMDL: Benchmark Dose Lower Confidence Limit; BMD: Benchmark Dose; BMC:Benchmark Concentration; LOAEL: Lowest Observed Adverse Effect Level; RfD:Reference Dose; RfC:Reference Concentration; MRL: Minimal Risk Level; MEG: Maximum Exposure Guideline; PAC: Protective Action Criteria

Categorical toxicity labels

Hepatotoxicity	Carcinogenicity	Mutagenicity	Cardiotoxicity	Respiratory Toxicity	Eye Irritation	Endocrine Disruption

Note for Reference:
In addition to directly collecting NP quantitative data from primary literature (where reference will provided as NCBI PMID or DOI links), NPASS also integrated NP toxicity records from domain-specific databases. These databases include:
☉ ToxValDB: a curated database that compiles quantitative toxicity values for chemicals from diverse public sources to support toxicological research and risk assessment.
☉ TOXRIC: a comprehensive, free-to-access, online database providing toxicological/feature data. The toxicity labels are retrieved from this database. [PMID: 36400569]

Chemically structural similarity

Similar Active Natural Products in NPASS

Top-200 similar NPs were calculated against the active-NP-set (includes approximately 50,000 NPs with experimentally-derived bioactivity available in NPASS)

Similarity is measured using the Tanimoto coefficient (Tc) , which compares the binary fingerprints of two molecules. Tc is calculated as the intersection divided by the union of '1' bits in the fingerprints, ranging from 0 to 1, with 1 indicating highest similarity.

● The left chart: Distribution of similarity level between NPC494008 and all remaining natural products in the NPASS database.
● The right table: Most similar natural products (Tc>=0.5 or Top200).

range	Tanimoto Coefficient
0-0.1	24379
0.1-0.2	23818
0.2-0.3	1504
0.3-0.4	104
0.4-0.5	36
0.5-0.6	15
0.6-0.7	3
0.7-0.8	0
0.8-0.85	0
0.85-0.9	0
0.9-0.95	0
0.95-1	0

Similarity Score	Similarity Level	Natural Product ID
0.6429	Remote Similarity	NPC12904
0.6207	Remote Similarity	NPC154396
0.6	Remote Similarity	NPC80641
0.5926	Remote Similarity	NPC326758
0.5882	Remote Similarity	NPC223677
0.5862	Remote Similarity	NPC476550
0.5667	Remote Similarity	NPC286695
0.5517	Remote Similarity	NPC178643
0.5484	Remote Similarity	NPC80396
0.5484	Remote Similarity	NPC154642
0.5484	Remote Similarity	NPC603612
0.5357	Remote Similarity	NPC166804
0.5312	Remote Similarity	NPC149299
0.5294	Remote Similarity	NPC163345
0.5294	Remote Similarity	NPC71761
0.52	Remote Similarity	NPC327450
0.52	Remote Similarity	NPC234005
0.5185	Remote Similarity	NPC143211

Similar Clinical/Approved Drugs

Similarity level is defined by Tanimoto coefficient (Tc) between two molecules.

● The left chart: Distribution of similarity level between NPC494008 and all drugs/candidates.
● The right table: Most similar clinical/approved drugs (Tc>=0.5 or Top200).

range	Tanimoto Coefficient
0-0.1	7003
0.1-0.2	2031
0.2-0.3	101
0.3-0.4	9
0.4-0.5	5
0.5-0.6	0
0.6-0.7	1
0.7-0.8	0
0.8-0.85	0
0.85-0.9	0
0.9-0.95	0
0.95-1	0

Similarity Score	Similarity Level	Drug ID	Developmental Stage
0.6296	Remote Similarity	NPD900	Pre-clinical

Bioactivity similarity

Similar Natural Products in NPASS

Similarity level is defined by Bioactivity similarity was calculated based on bioactivity descriptors of compounds. The bioactivity descriptors were calculated by a recently developed AI algorithm Chemical Checker (CC) [Nature Biotechnology, 38:1087–1096, 2020; Nature Communications, 12:3932, 2021], which evaluated bioactivity similarities at five levels:
☉ A: chemistry similarity;
☉ B: biological targets similarity;
☉ C: networks similarity;
☉ D: cell-based bioactivity similarity;
☉ E: similarity based on clinical data.
Those 5 categories of CC bioactivity descriptors were calculated and then subjected to manifold projection using UMAP algorithm, to project all NPs on a 2-Dimensional space. The current NP was highlighted with a small circle in the 2-D map. Below figures: left-to-right, A-to-E.

A: chemistry similarity

B: biological targets similarity

C: networks similarity

D: cell-based bioactivity similarity

E: similarity based on clinical data