NPASS Compound

Natural Product: NPC489611

Natural Product ID	NPC489611
Common Name ? The InCHIKey will be temporarily assigned as the "Common Name" if no IUPAC name or alternative short name is available.	TURTULDFIIAPTC-LWQYBKJXSA-N
IUPAC Name	n.a.
Synonyms
Synthetic Gene Cluster	n.a.
ChEMBL Identifier	n.a.
PubChem CID	11170714
Chemical Classification	CHEMONTID:0000000 [Organic compounds] [CHEMONTID:0002448] Benzenoids [CHEMONTID:0002341] Phenol ethers

The Chemical Classification was calculated by Classyfire, a software for chemical taxonomy calculation. Reference: DOI:10.1186/s13321-016-0174-y.

Chemical Representations

RDKit 3D 82 86 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0999 V2000 12.8014 0.7102 -2.2863 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 12.3474 -0.4239 -1.6129 O 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 11.3536 -0.3913 -0.6776 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 11.3504 -1.3336 0.2529 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 10.3513 -1.4213 1.3107 C 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 9.3166 -0.3624 1.2826 C 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 9.3902 0.6374 0.2247 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 10.3278 0.6351 -0.6883 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 10.2799 2.0190 -2.0114 Br 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 7.9382 -1.0273 1.2596 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 7.1527 -0.1704 2.1606 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 7.9299 0.5287 2.8679 N 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 9.2312 0.2718 2.5765 O 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 5.6669 -0.1683 2.2026 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 5.0386 -0.9168 1.4297 O 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 5.0159 0.6861 3.1224 N 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3.5882 0.8095 3.2529 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2.8677 1.4391 2.1275 C 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2.9812 0.9834 0.7492 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2.3910 -0.1716 0.2657 O 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1.0265 -0.3560 0.2056 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.3780 0.2285 -0.9085 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -0.9711 0.1018 -1.0610 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -1.7130 -0.5891 -0.1438 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -1.1017 -1.1604 0.9367 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.2895 -1.0433 1.1138 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1.1090 -1.9313 2.5857 Br 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -3.1699 -0.7201 -0.3111 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -3.6630 -0.2641 -1.6705 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -5.1080 -0.4748 -1.6829 N 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -5.9379 -0.1622 -2.7852 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -5.3768 0.3292 -3.8113 O 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -7.3819 -0.3852 -2.7713 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -8.2302 -0.1382 -3.7065 N 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -9.5090 -0.4887 -3.3100 O 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -9.5363 -0.5032 -1.9007 C 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -9.6884 0.8837 -1.4073 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -10.5589 1.2933 -0.5185 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -11.4759 0.3175 0.0549 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -11.4234 -0.9415 -0.3186 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -10.4796 -1.4855 -1.3109 C 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -9.7836 -2.5236 -0.6848 O 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -12.6570 -2.1818 0.4719 Br 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -12.3942 0.7524 0.9958 O 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -13.6021 1.3194 0.5708 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -10.6618 3.1182 0.0413 Br 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -8.1010 -0.9638 -1.6035 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -3.4645 -2.0817 -0.0845 O 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1.4304 1.1853 -2.1923 Br 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3.4843 2.7806 2.0820 O 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 9.7052 -2.6794 1.1665 O 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 12.7594 -2.6402 0.1678 Br 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 13.8399 0.5351 -2.7230 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 12.1702 0.7900 -3.2258 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 12.8419 1.6334 -1.7086 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 10.8733 -1.4392 2.3240 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 8.6024 1.4038 0.2371 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 7.5345 -1.0158 0.2079 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 7.9498 -2.0502 1.6399 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 5.6591 1.2690 3.7508 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3.3825 1.4321 4.1842 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3.2193 -0.2181 3.4262 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1.8187 1.7099 2.3795 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4.0105 1.1581 0.2946 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2.4036 1.8337 0.1419 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -1.4653 0.5636 -1.9348 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -1.6418 -1.7176 1.6921 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -3.6836 -0.1710 0.5078 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -3.1465 -0.7533 -2.4930 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -3.5308 0.8524 -1.6732 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -5.6183 -0.8832 -0.8440 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -9.0107 1.6148 -1.8285 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -11.0540 -1.9546 -2.1659 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -9.5265 -2.2365 0.2274 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -14.2116 1.6082 1.4517 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -13.3449 2.2600 0.0033 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -14.1623 0.6962 -0.1506 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -8.0471 -2.0649 -1.7195 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -7.7370 -0.5917 -0.6459 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -3.5991 -2.5101 -0.9717 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4.3136 2.6552 1.5484 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 9.6467 -3.0945 2.0491 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 2 1 0 2 3 1 0 3 4 2 0 4 5 1 0 5 6 1 0 6 7 1 0 7 8 2 0 8 9 1 0 6 10 1 0 10 11 1 0 11 12 2 0 12 13 1 0 11 14 1 0 14 15 2 0 14 16 1 0 16 17 1 0 17 18 1 0 18 19 1 0 19 20 1 0 20 21 1 0 21 22 2 0 22 23 1 0 23 24 2 0 24 25 1 0 25 26 2 0 26 27 1 0 24 28 1 0 28 29 1 0 29 30 1 0 30 31 1 0 31 32 2 0 31 33 1 0 33 34 2 0 34 35 1 0 36 35 1 6 36 37 1 0 37 38 2 0 38 39 1 0 39 40 2 0 40 41 1 0 41 42 1 0 40 43 1 0 39 44 1 0 44 45 1 0 38 46 1 0 36 47 1 0 28 48 1 0 22 49 1 0 18 50 1 0 5 51 1 0 4 52 1 0 8 3 1 0 26 21 1 0 47 33 1 0 6 13 1 1 41 36 1 0 1 53 1 0 1 54 1 0 1 55 1 0 5 56 1 1 7 57 1 0 10 58 1 0 10 59 1 0 16 60 1 0 17 61 1 0 17 62 1 0 18 63 1 1 19 64 1 0 19 65 1 0 23 66 1 0 25 67 1 0 28 68 1 0 29 69 1 0 29 70 1 0 30 71 1 0 37 72 1 0 41 73 1 6 42 74 1 0 45 75 1 0 45 76 1 0 45 77 1 0 47 78 1 0 47 79 1 0 48 80 1 0 50 81 1 0 51 82 1 0 M END

Standard InCHIKey	TURTULDFIIAPTC-LWQYBKJXSA-N
Standard InCHI	InChI=1S/C31H30Br6N4O11/c1-48-24-16(34)5-30(26(44)21(24)36)7-18(40-51-30)28(46)38-9-13(42)11-50-23-14(32)3-12(4-15(23)33)20(43)10-39-29(47)19-8-31(52-41-19)6-17(35)25(49-2)22(37)27(31)45/h3-6,13,20,26-27,42-45H,7-11H2,1-2H3,(H,38,46)(H,39,47)/t13-,20?,26+,27+,30-,31-/m1/s1
SMILES	COC1=C([C@@H]([C@@]2(C=C1Br)CC(=NO2)C(=O)NC[C@H](COc1c(cc(cc1Br)C(CNC(=O)C1=NO[C@]2(C=C(C(=C([C@@H]2O)Br)OC)Br)C1)O)Br)O)O)Br

Calculated Properties

Physi-Chem Properties

Molecular Weight:	1107.7	Volume:	729.33 ? Van der Waals volume.
Dense:	1.519	LogP:	2.872 ? The logarithm of the n-octanol/water distribution coefficients.
logD7.4:	2.71 ? The logarithm of the n-octanol/water distribution coefficient at pH=7.4.	LogS:	-4.701 ? The logarithm of aqueous solubility value.
Rotatable Bonds:	14.0	Rigid Bonds:	30.0
TPSA:	209.99 ? Topological Polar Surface Area.	H-Bond Acceptor:	15.0
H-Bond Donor:	6.0	Rings:	5.0
Heavy Atoms:	21.0

MedChem Properties

QED Drug-Likeness Score:	0.176	GASA:	1.0 ? GASA represents the probability of being difficult to synthesize, ranging from 0 to 1.
Synthetic Accessibility Score:	6.183	Fsp³:	0.419
MCE-18:	166.636 ? MCE-18 stands for medicinal chemistry evolution.MCE-18≥45 is considered a suitable value.	Lipinski Rule-of-5:	Accepted
Pfizer Rule:	Rejected	GSK Rule:	Accepted
Golden Triangle Rule:	Accepted	BMS Rule:	0
Chelating Alert:	0	PAINS Alert:	0
Colloidal aggregators:	0.719	Fluc inhibitor:	0.103 ? The fluc inhibitor value is the probability of being fLuc inhibitors, within the range of 0 to 1.
Blue fluorescence:	0.129 ? The blue fluorescence value is the probability of being blue fluorescence, within the range of 0 to 1	Green fluorescence:	0.429 ? The green fluorescence value is the probability of being green fluorescence, within the range of 0 to 1
Reactive compounds:	0.391	Promiscuous compounds:	0.008

ADMET Properties (ADMETlab3.0)

ADMET: Absorption

Caco-2 Permeability:	-4.987	MDCK Permeability:	-4.758
Pgp-inhibitor:	0.0	Pgp-substrate:	0.363
PAMPA:	0.353 ? The experimental data for Peff was logarithmically transformed (logPeff). Molecules with log Peff values below 2.0 were classified as low-permeability (Category 0), while those with log Peff values exceeding 2.5 were classified as high-permeability (Category 1).	Human Intestinal Absorption (HIA):	0.0
20% Bioavailability (F20%):	0.005	30% Bioavailability (F30%):	0.179
50% Bioavailability (F50%):	0.998

ADMET: Distribution

Blood-Brain-Barrier Penetration (BBB):	0.054	MRP1:	1.0
Plasma Protein Binding (PPB):	95.762%	Volume Distribution (VD):	0.056
Fu:	2.63% ? The fraction unbound in plasms.	OATP1B1 inhibitor:	1.0
OATP1B3 inhibitor:	0.991	BCRP inhibitor:	0.729
BSEP inhibitor:	0.992

ADMET: Metabolism

CYP1A2-inhibitor:	0.0	CYP1A2-substrate:	0.998
CYP2C19-inhibitor:	0.0	CYP2C19-substrate:	1.0
CYP2C9-inhibitor:	0.0	CYP2C9-substrate:	0.0
CYP2D6-inhibitor:	0.0	CYP2D6-substrate:	0.554
CYP3A4-inhibitor:	0.0	CYP3A4-substrate:	0.992
CYP2B6-substrate:	0.0	CYP2C8-inhibitor:	1.0
HLM stability:	0.462 ? Human liver microsomal (HLM) stability. Category 0: stable+ (HLM > 30 min); Category 1: unstable- (HLM ≤ 30 min). The output value is the probability of human liver microsomal instability, where a value closer to 1 indicates a higher likelihood of instability.

ADMET: Excretion

Clearance (CL):

0.333

Half-life (T1/2):

4.506

ADMET: Toxicity

hERG Blockers:	0.017	hERG Blockers (10um):	0.236
Human Hepatotoxicity (H-HT):	0.395	Drug-induced Liver Injury (DILI):	1.0
AMES Toxicity:	0.999	Rat Oral Acute Toxicity:	0.997
Maximum Recommended Daily Dose:	1.0	Skin Sensitization:	1.0
Carcinogencity:	1.0	Eye Corrosion:	0.0
Eye Irritation:	0.016	Respiratory Toxicity:	0.991
Drug-induced Neurotoxicity:	0.973	Ototoxicity:	0.96
Hematotoxicity:	0.003	Drug-induced Nephrotoxicity:	0.976
Genotoxicity:	1.0	RPMI-8226 Immunitoxicity:	0.254
A549 Cytotoxicity:	0.845	Hek293 Cytotoxicity:	0.993
BCF:	1.164 ? Bioconcentration factors are used for considering secondary poisoning potential and assessing risks to human health via the food chain. The unit is -log10[(mg/L)/(1000*MW)].	IGC50:	4.166 ? 48 hour Tetrahymena pyriformis IGC50. The unit of IGC50 is -log10[(mg/L)/(1000*MW)].
LC50DM:	6.057 ? 48 hour Daphnia magna LC50. The unit of LC50DM is -log10[(mg/L)/(1000*MW)].	LC50FM:	5.47 ? 96 hour fathead minnow LC50. The unit of LC50FM is -log10[(mg/L)/(1000*MW)].

Species Source

Organism ID	Organism Name	Taxonomy Level	Family	SuperKingdom	Isolation Part	Collection Location	Collection Time	Reference
NPO40305	Pseudoceratina verrucosa	Species	Pseudoceratinidae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	PMID[23489291]
NPO40305	Pseudoceratina verrucosa	Species	Pseudoceratinidae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[COCONUT]

Note for Reference:
In addition to directly collecting NP source organism data from primary literature (where reference will provided as NCBI PMID or DOI links), NPASS also integrated them from below databases:
☉ UNPD: Universal Natural Products Database [PMID: 23638153].
☉ StreptomeDB: a database of streptomycetes natural products [PMID: 33051671].
☉ TM-MC: a database of medicinal materials and chemical compounds in Northeast Asian traditional medicine [PMID: 26156871].
☉ TCM@Taiwan: a Traditional Chinese Medicine database [PMID: 21253603].
☉ TCMID: a Traditional Chinese Medicine database [PMID: 29106634].
☉ TCMSP: The traditional Chinese medicine systems pharmacology database and analysis platform [PMID: 24735618].
☉ HerDing: a herb recommendation system to treat diseases using genes and chemicals [PMID: 26980517].
☉ MetaboLights: a metabolomics database [PMID: 27010336].
☉ FooDB: a database of constituents, chemistry and biology of food species [www.foodb.ca].

NP Quantity Composition/Concentration

Organism ID	Organism Name	Organism Material Preparation	Organism Part	NP Quantity (Standard)	NP Quantity (Minimum)	NP Quantity (Maximum)	Quantity Unit	Reference

Note for Reference:
In addition to directly collecting NP quantitative data from primary literature (where reference will provided as NCBI PMID or DOI links), NPASS also integrated NP quantitative records for specific NP domains (e.g., NPS from foods or herbs) from domain-specific databases. These databases include:
☉ DUKE: Dr. Duke's Phytochemical and Ethnobotanical Databases.
☉ PHENOL EXPLORER: is the first comprehensive database on polyphenol content in foods [PMID: 24103452], its homepage can be accessed at here.
☉ FooDB: a database of constituents, chemistry and biology of food species [www.foodb.ca].

Biological Activity

Activity Type	# Activity
Inhibition	3

Activity Type	# Activity
Cell line	3

Molecular-level activity

Target ID	Target Type	Target Name	Target Organism	Activity Type	Activity Relation	Value	Unit	Reference

In vitro activity

Target ID	Target Type	Target Name	Target Organism	Activity Type	Activity Relation	Value	Unit	Reference
NPT1523	Cell line	NFF	Homo sapiens	Inhibition	=	48.0	%	PMID[23489291]
NPT306	Cell line	PC-3	Homo sapiens	Inhibition	=	60.0	%	PMID[23489291]
NPT165	Cell line	HeLa	Homo sapiens	Inhibition	=	46.0	%	PMID[23489291]

In vivo activity

Target ID	Target Type	Target Name	Target Organism	Activity Type	Activity Relation	Value	Unit	Reference

Experimental ADME

Experiment Model	Experiment Tissue	ADME Type	ADME Relation	ADME Value	ADME Unit	Reference

Experimental Toxicity

Quantitative toxicity

Experiment Model	Experiment Organism	Toxicity Type	Toxicity Relation	Toxicity Value	Toxicity Unit	Reference

Common Abbreviations:
LC: Lethal Concentration; LD: Lethal Dose; LT:Lethal Time; NOAEL: No-observed-adverse-effect Level; BMDL: Benchmark Dose Lower Confidence Limit; BMD: Benchmark Dose; BMC:Benchmark Concentration; LOAEL: Lowest Observed Adverse Effect Level; RfD:Reference Dose; RfC:Reference Concentration; MRL: Minimal Risk Level; MEG: Maximum Exposure Guideline; PAC: Protective Action Criteria

Categorical toxicity labels

Hepatotoxicity	Carcinogenicity	Mutagenicity	Cardiotoxicity	Respiratory Toxicity	Eye Irritation	Endocrine Disruption

Note for Reference:
In addition to directly collecting NP quantitative data from primary literature (where reference will provided as NCBI PMID or DOI links), NPASS also integrated NP toxicity records from domain-specific databases. These databases include:
☉ ToxValDB: a curated database that compiles quantitative toxicity values for chemicals from diverse public sources to support toxicological research and risk assessment.
☉ TOXRIC: a comprehensive, free-to-access, online database providing toxicological/feature data. The toxicity labels are retrieved from this database. [PMID: 36400569]

Chemically structural similarity

Similar Active Natural Products in NPASS

Top-200 similar NPs were calculated against the active-NP-set (includes approximately 50,000 NPs with experimentally-derived bioactivity available in NPASS)

Similarity is measured using the Tanimoto coefficient (Tc) , which compares the binary fingerprints of two molecules. Tc is calculated as the intersection divided by the union of '1' bits in the fingerprints, ranging from 0 to 1, with 1 indicating highest similarity.

● The left chart: Distribution of similarity level between NPC489611 and all remaining natural products in the NPASS database.
● The right table: Most similar natural products (Tc>=0.5 or Top200).

range	Tanimoto Coefficient
0-0.1	17416
0.1-0.2	32268
0.2-0.3	105
0.3-0.4	20
0.4-0.5	14
0.5-0.6	17
0.6-0.7	9
0.7-0.8	0
0.8-0.85	3
0.85-0.9	0
0.9-0.95	0
0.95-1	2

Similarity Score	Similarity Level	Natural Product ID
1.0	High Similarity	NPC487914
1.0	High Similarity	NPC604329
0.8101	Intermediate Similarity	NPC487915
0.8	Intermediate Similarity	NPC483876
0.8	Intermediate Similarity	NPC600925
0.7442	Intermediate Similarity	NPC489612
0.6667	Remote Similarity	NPC480151
0.6517	Remote Similarity	NPC77435
0.6517	Remote Similarity	NPC259071
0.6477	Remote Similarity	NPC202866
0.6237	Remote Similarity	NPC606574
0.6196	Remote Similarity	NPC603425
0.6061	Remote Similarity	NPC227953
0.6	Remote Similarity	NPC607066
0.6	Remote Similarity	NPC611077
0.5938	Remote Similarity	NPC607100
0.5876	Remote Similarity	NPC609979
0.5814	Remote Similarity	NPC487872
0.5814	Remote Similarity	NPC608122
0.5743	Remote Similarity	NPC603698
0.5714	Remote Similarity	NPC1702
0.5618	Remote Similarity	NPC487873
0.557	Remote Similarity	NPC158672
0.5408	Remote Similarity	NPC174607
0.5408	Remote Similarity	NPC147847
0.5377	Remote Similarity	NPC606635
0.5366	Remote Similarity	NPC487917
0.5227	Remote Similarity	NPC313173
0.5222	Remote Similarity	NPC66855
0.5057	Remote Similarity	NPC473262
0.5057	Remote Similarity	NPC202166
0.5055	Remote Similarity	NPC181086

Similar Clinical/Approved Drugs

Similarity level is defined by Tanimoto coefficient (Tc) between two molecules.

● The left chart: Distribution of similarity level between NPC489611 and all drugs/candidates.
● The right table: Most similar clinical/approved drugs (Tc>=0.5 or Top200).

range	Tanimoto Coefficient
0-0.1	3348
0.1-0.2	5786
0.2-0.3	16
0.3-0.4	0
0.4-0.5	0
0.5-0.6	0
0.6-0.7	0
0.7-0.8	0
0.8-0.85	0
0.85-0.9	0
0.9-0.95	0
0.95-1	0

Similarity Score	Similarity Level	Drug ID	Developmental Stage
		NPD

Bioactivity similarity

Similar Natural Products in NPASS

Similarity level is defined by Bioactivity similarity was calculated based on bioactivity descriptors of compounds. The bioactivity descriptors were calculated by a recently developed AI algorithm Chemical Checker (CC) [Nature Biotechnology, 38:1087–1096, 2020; Nature Communications, 12:3932, 2021], which evaluated bioactivity similarities at five levels:
☉ A: chemistry similarity;
☉ B: biological targets similarity;
☉ C: networks similarity;
☉ D: cell-based bioactivity similarity;
☉ E: similarity based on clinical data.
Those 5 categories of CC bioactivity descriptors were calculated and then subjected to manifold projection using UMAP algorithm, to project all NPs on a 2-Dimensional space. The current NP was highlighted with a small circle in the 2-D map. Below figures: left-to-right, A-to-E.

A: chemistry similarity

B: biological targets similarity

C: networks similarity

D: cell-based bioactivity similarity

E: similarity based on clinical data