NPASS Compound

Natural Product: NPC483841

Natural Product ID	NPC483841
Common Name ? The InCHIKey will be temporarily assigned as the "Common Name" if no IUPAC name or alternative short name is available.	UVVDUZUSIXBUAK-OTOYSWGPSA-N
IUPAC Name	n.a.
Synonyms
Synthetic Gene Cluster	n.a.
ChEMBL Identifier	n.a.
PubChem CID	134147235
Chemical Classification	CHEMONTID:0000000 [Organic compounds]

The Chemical Classification was calculated by Classyfire, a software for chemical taxonomy calculation. Reference: DOI:10.1186/s13321-016-0174-y.

Chemical Representations

RDKit 3D 74 77 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0999 V2000 -2.4710 1.7912 -1.1712 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -2.4584 0.7522 -0.1441 C 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -2.5076 1.2796 1.2985 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -1.2627 1.0380 2.0571 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -0.0388 1.2181 1.0663 C 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -0.0137 0.1155 0.1021 C 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.8733 0.2379 -1.0535 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.8927 1.1650 -2.0183 O 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1.2106 2.4134 -2.3058 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1.7219 3.1306 -1.4412 O 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.9855 3.0446 -3.6594 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.5539 -1.1490 0.8289 C 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.2229 -2.4047 0.1420 C 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -1.1609 -2.5908 -0.3897 C 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -1.5282 -1.3665 -1.2156 C 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -1.4364 -0.3315 -0.1705 C 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -1.8390 -1.0259 1.0168 O 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -2.1224 -2.3089 0.7627 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -1.7866 -3.1677 1.9872 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -3.5334 -2.6490 0.3896 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -2.8015 -1.4469 -1.8073 O 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -2.9527 -1.4821 -3.1839 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -1.9265 -1.4410 -3.9124 O 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -4.2625 -1.5661 -3.8584 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1.1398 -2.7323 -0.8417 O 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1.9607 -0.9847 0.7994 O 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2.7491 -0.7802 1.9241 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2.1105 -0.7497 3.0322 O 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4.1778 -0.6141 1.8571 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4.9064 -0.4153 2.9968 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 6.2965 -0.2534 2.9350 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 6.9552 -0.2911 1.7275 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 6.2139 -0.4915 0.5859 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4.8214 -0.6534 0.6516 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -0.3648 2.5130 0.6035 O 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.2662 3.6086 1.1726 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1.1033 3.3919 2.0790 O 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -0.0691 4.9717 0.6936 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -3.3199 1.6607 -1.9200 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -1.6056 1.9697 -1.7859 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -2.7836 2.7617 -0.6672 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -3.4499 0.2049 -0.2417 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -3.3596 0.8919 1.8697 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -2.6962 2.3832 1.1808 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -1.1158 1.9467 2.7272 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -1.1464 0.2061 2.7050 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.8126 1.2865 1.7672 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1.9806 0.2799 -0.6233 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1.0110 -0.7451 -1.6183 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.6884 4.0999 -3.5106 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.1854 2.4698 -4.1632 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1.9326 2.9398 -4.2370 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.2322 -1.0597 1.8790 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.3671 -3.2525 0.9036 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -1.2923 -3.5368 -0.8753 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -0.8063 -1.3436 -2.0353 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -1.3515 -2.5263 2.7737 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -1.2434 -4.0780 1.7472 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -2.7523 -3.5370 2.4646 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -3.6138 -3.1814 -0.5920 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -3.9630 -3.4355 1.1057 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -4.2514 -1.8155 0.5034 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -4.4513 -2.6593 -4.0478 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -5.0330 -1.1940 -3.1617 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -4.2938 -1.0059 -4.8186 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.8010 -3.5634 -1.2890 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4.4812 -0.3702 3.9904 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 6.8884 -0.0955 3.8234 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 8.0403 -0.1673 1.6519 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 6.7289 -0.5226 -0.3744 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4.3234 -0.8056 -0.2957 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -0.0579 5.0379 -0.4258 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -1.1211 5.2417 0.9923 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.6099 5.7392 1.0611 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 2 1 0 2 3 1 0 3 4 1 0 4 5 1 0 5 6 1 0 6 7 1 6 7 8 1 0 8 9 1 0 9 10 2 0 9 11 1 0 6 12 1 0 12 13 1 0 13 14 1 0 14 15 1 0 15 16 1 0 16 17 1 1 17 18 1 0 18 19 1 0 18 20 1 0 15 21 1 0 21 22 1 0 22 23 2 0 22 24 1 0 13 25 1 0 12 26 1 0 26 27 1 0 27 28 2 0 27 29 1 0 29 30 2 0 30 31 1 0 31 32 2 0 32 33 1 0 33 34 2 0 5 35 1 0 35 36 1 0 36 37 2 0 36 38 1 0 16 2 1 0 34 29 1 0 16 6 1 0 18 14 1 0 1 39 1 0 1 40 1 0 1 41 1 0 2 42 1 6 3 43 1 0 3 44 1 0 4 45 1 0 4 46 1 0 5 47 1 1 7 48 1 0 7 49 1 0 11 50 1 0 11 51 1 0 11 52 1 0 12 53 1 1 13 54 1 1 14 55 1 6 15 56 1 6 19 57 1 0 19 58 1 0 19 59 1 0 20 60 1 0 20 61 1 0 20 62 1 0 24 63 1 0 24 64 1 0 24 65 1 0 25 66 1 0 30 67 1 0 31 68 1 0 32 69 1 0 33 70 1 0 34 71 1 0 38 72 1 0 38 73 1 0 38 74 1 0 M END

Standard InCHIKey	UVVDUZUSIXBUAK-OTOYSWGPSA-N
Standard InCHI	InChI=1S/C28H36O10/c1-15-12-13-20(35-17(3)30)27(14-34-16(2)29)24(37-25(33)19-10-8-7-9-11-19)22(32)21-23(36-18(4)31)28(15,27)38-26(21,5)6/h7-11,15,20-24,32H,12-14H2,1-6H3/t15-,20+,21-,22-,23-,24-,27+,28-/m1/s1
SMILES	C[C@@H]1CC[C@@H]([C@@]2(COC(=O)C)[C@@H]([C@@H]([C@@H]3[C@H]([C@]12OC3(C)C)OC(=O)C)O)OC(=O)c1ccccc1)OC(=O)C

Calculated Properties

Physi-Chem Properties

Molecular Weight:	532.23	Volume:	528.065 ? Van der Waals volume.
Dense:	1.008	LogP:	1.869 ? The logarithm of the n-octanol/water distribution coefficients.
logD7.4:	2.079 ? The logarithm of the n-octanol/water distribution coefficient at pH=7.4.	LogS:	-3.444 ? The logarithm of aqueous solubility value.
Rotatable Bonds:	10.0	Rigid Bonds:	24.0
TPSA:	134.66 ? Topological Polar Surface Area.	H-Bond Acceptor:	10.0
H-Bond Donor:	1.0	Rings:	4.0
Heavy Atoms:	10.0

MedChem Properties

QED Drug-Likeness Score:	0.43	GASA:	1.0 ? GASA represents the probability of being difficult to synthesize, ranging from 0 to 1.
Synthetic Accessibility Score:	5.775	Fsp³:	0.643
MCE-18:	143.304 ? MCE-18 stands for medicinal chemistry evolution.MCE-18≥45 is considered a suitable value.	Lipinski Rule-of-5:	Rejected
Pfizer Rule:	Rejected	GSK Rule:	Accepted
Golden Triangle Rule:	Accepted	BMS Rule:	0
Chelating Alert:	0	PAINS Alert:	0
Colloidal aggregators:	0.486	Fluc inhibitor:	0.015 ? The fluc inhibitor value is the probability of being fLuc inhibitors, within the range of 0 to 1.
Blue fluorescence:	0.01 ? The blue fluorescence value is the probability of being blue fluorescence, within the range of 0 to 1	Green fluorescence:	0.026 ? The green fluorescence value is the probability of being green fluorescence, within the range of 0 to 1
Reactive compounds:	0.045	Promiscuous compounds:	0.057

ADMET Properties (ADMETlab3.0)

ADMET: Absorption

Caco-2 Permeability:	-5.421	MDCK Permeability:	-4.777
Pgp-inhibitor:	0.995	Pgp-substrate:	0.647
PAMPA:	0.468 ? The experimental data for Peff was logarithmically transformed (logPeff). Molecules with log Peff values below 2.0 were classified as low-permeability (Category 0), while those with log Peff values exceeding 2.5 were classified as high-permeability (Category 1).	Human Intestinal Absorption (HIA):	0.0
20% Bioavailability (F20%):	0.025	30% Bioavailability (F30%):	0.682
50% Bioavailability (F50%):	0.95

ADMET: Distribution

Blood-Brain-Barrier Penetration (BBB):	0.11	MRP1:	0.997
Plasma Protein Binding (PPB):	69.265%	Volume Distribution (VD):	-0.433
Fu:	32.421% ? The fraction unbound in plasms.	OATP1B1 inhibitor:	1.0
OATP1B3 inhibitor:	0.999	BCRP inhibitor:	0.441
BSEP inhibitor:	0.967

ADMET: Metabolism

CYP1A2-inhibitor:	0.0	CYP1A2-substrate:	0.293
CYP2C19-inhibitor:	0.0	CYP2C19-substrate:	0.065
CYP2C9-inhibitor:	0.0	CYP2C9-substrate:	0.315
CYP2D6-inhibitor:	0.0	CYP2D6-substrate:	0.001
CYP3A4-inhibitor:	0.001	CYP3A4-substrate:	0.0
CYP2B6-substrate:	0.0	CYP2C8-inhibitor:	1.0
HLM stability:	0.964 ? Human liver microsomal (HLM) stability. Category 0: stable+ (HLM > 30 min); Category 1: unstable- (HLM ≤ 30 min). The output value is the probability of human liver microsomal instability, where a value closer to 1 indicates a higher likelihood of instability.

ADMET: Excretion

Clearance (CL):

5.14

Half-life (T1/2):

0.523

ADMET: Toxicity

hERG Blockers:	0.03	hERG Blockers (10um):	0.342
Human Hepatotoxicity (H-HT):	0.235	Drug-induced Liver Injury (DILI):	0.636
AMES Toxicity:	0.522	Rat Oral Acute Toxicity:	0.181
Maximum Recommended Daily Dose:	0.151	Skin Sensitization:	0.861
Carcinogencity:	0.528	Eye Corrosion:	0.01
Eye Irritation:	0.444	Respiratory Toxicity:	0.039
Drug-induced Neurotoxicity:	0.064	Ototoxicity:	0.381
Hematotoxicity:	0.138	Drug-induced Nephrotoxicity:	0.479
Genotoxicity:	0.535	RPMI-8226 Immunitoxicity:	0.039
A549 Cytotoxicity:	0.045	Hek293 Cytotoxicity:	0.089
BCF:	0.561 ? Bioconcentration factors are used for considering secondary poisoning potential and assessing risks to human health via the food chain. The unit is -log10[(mg/L)/(1000*MW)].	IGC50:	3.548 ? 48 hour Tetrahymena pyriformis IGC50. The unit of IGC50 is -log10[(mg/L)/(1000*MW)].
LC50DM:	5.468 ? 48 hour Daphnia magna LC50. The unit of LC50DM is -log10[(mg/L)/(1000*MW)].	LC50FM:	4.786 ? 96 hour fathead minnow LC50. The unit of LC50FM is -log10[(mg/L)/(1000*MW)].

Species Source

Organism ID	Organism Name	Taxonomy Level	Family	SuperKingdom	Isolation Part	Collection Location	Collection Time	Reference
NPO40494	Maytenus bilocularis	Species	Celastraceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	PMID[27120798]

Note for Reference:
In addition to directly collecting NP source organism data from primary literature (where reference will provided as NCBI PMID or DOI links), NPASS also integrated them from below databases:
☉ UNPD: Universal Natural Products Database [PMID: 23638153].
☉ StreptomeDB: a database of streptomycetes natural products [PMID: 33051671].
☉ TM-MC: a database of medicinal materials and chemical compounds in Northeast Asian traditional medicine [PMID: 26156871].
☉ TCM@Taiwan: a Traditional Chinese Medicine database [PMID: 21253603].
☉ TCMID: a Traditional Chinese Medicine database [PMID: 29106634].
☉ TCMSP: The traditional Chinese medicine systems pharmacology database and analysis platform [PMID: 24735618].
☉ HerDing: a herb recommendation system to treat diseases using genes and chemicals [PMID: 26980517].
☉ MetaboLights: a metabolomics database [PMID: 27010336].
☉ FooDB: a database of constituents, chemistry and biology of food species [www.foodb.ca].

NP Quantity Composition/Concentration

Organism ID	Organism Name	Organism Material Preparation	Organism Part	NP Quantity (Standard)	NP Quantity (Minimum)	NP Quantity (Maximum)	Quantity Unit	Reference

Note for Reference:
In addition to directly collecting NP quantitative data from primary literature (where reference will provided as NCBI PMID or DOI links), NPASS also integrated NP quantitative records for specific NP domains (e.g., NPS from foods or herbs) from domain-specific databases. These databases include:
☉ DUKE: Dr. Duke's Phytochemical and Ethnobotanical Databases.
☉ PHENOL EXPLORER: is the first comprehensive database on polyphenol content in foods [PMID: 24103452], its homepage can be accessed at here.
☉ FooDB: a database of constituents, chemistry and biology of food species [www.foodb.ca].

Biological Activity

Activity Type	# Activity
IC50	1
FC	2
Inhibition	1

Activity Type	# Activity
Single protein	1
Others	1
Non-molecular	2

Molecular-level activity

Target ID	Target Type	Target Name	Target Organism	Activity Type	Activity Relation	Value	Unit	Reference
NPT27556	Single protein	L-type amino acid transporter 3	Homo sapiens	IC50	=	124500.0	nM	PMID[27120798]

In vitro activity

Target ID	Target Type	Target Name	Target Organism	Activity Type	Activity Relation	Value	Unit	Reference
NPT20529	Non-molecular	NON-PROTEIN TARGET	n.a.	FC	=	1.7	n.a.	PMID[27120798]
NPT20529	Non-molecular	NON-PROTEIN TARGET	n.a.	Inhibition	>	30.0	%	PMID[27120798]
NPT2	Others	Unspecified	n.a.	FC	=	36.3	n.a.	PMID[27120798]

In vivo activity

Target ID	Target Type	Target Name	Target Organism	Activity Type	Activity Relation	Value	Unit	Reference

Experimental ADME

Experiment Model	Experiment Tissue	ADME Type	ADME Relation	ADME Value	ADME Unit	Reference

Experimental Toxicity

Quantitative toxicity

Experiment Model	Experiment Organism	Toxicity Type	Toxicity Relation	Toxicity Value	Toxicity Unit	Reference

Common Abbreviations:
LC: Lethal Concentration; LD: Lethal Dose; LT:Lethal Time; NOAEL: No-observed-adverse-effect Level; BMDL: Benchmark Dose Lower Confidence Limit; BMD: Benchmark Dose; BMC:Benchmark Concentration; LOAEL: Lowest Observed Adverse Effect Level; RfD:Reference Dose; RfC:Reference Concentration; MRL: Minimal Risk Level; MEG: Maximum Exposure Guideline; PAC: Protective Action Criteria

Categorical toxicity labels

Hepatotoxicity	Carcinogenicity	Mutagenicity	Cardiotoxicity	Respiratory Toxicity	Eye Irritation	Endocrine Disruption

Note for Reference:
In addition to directly collecting NP quantitative data from primary literature (where reference will provided as NCBI PMID or DOI links), NPASS also integrated NP toxicity records from domain-specific databases. These databases include:
☉ ToxValDB: a curated database that compiles quantitative toxicity values for chemicals from diverse public sources to support toxicological research and risk assessment.
☉ TOXRIC: a comprehensive, free-to-access, online database providing toxicological/feature data. The toxicity labels are retrieved from this database. [PMID: 36400569]

Chemically structural similarity

Similar Active Natural Products in NPASS

Top-200 similar NPs were calculated against the active-NP-set (includes approximately 50,000 NPs with experimentally-derived bioactivity available in NPASS)

Similarity is measured using the Tanimoto coefficient (Tc) , which compares the binary fingerprints of two molecules. Tc is calculated as the intersection divided by the union of '1' bits in the fingerprints, ranging from 0 to 1, with 1 indicating highest similarity.

● The left chart: Distribution of similarity level between NPC483841 and all remaining natural products in the NPASS database.
● The right table: Most similar natural products (Tc>=0.5 or Top200).

range	Tanimoto Coefficient
0-0.1	9289
0.1-0.2	37091
0.2-0.3	2784
0.3-0.4	538
0.4-0.5	96
0.5-0.6	36
0.6-0.7	16
0.7-0.8	0
0.8-0.85	0
0.85-0.9	0
0.9-0.95	0
0.95-1	1

Similarity Score	Similarity Level	Natural Product ID
1.0	High Similarity	NPC306146
0.7727	Intermediate Similarity	NPC483847
0.7463	Intermediate Similarity	NPC475759
0.7206	Intermediate Similarity	NPC470152
0.6901	Remote Similarity	NPC483842
0.6857	Remote Similarity	NPC17877
0.6761	Remote Similarity	NPC90257
0.6761	Remote Similarity	NPC483845
0.6761	Remote Similarity	NPC69357
0.6623	Remote Similarity	NPC475122
0.6571	Remote Similarity	NPC275592
0.6486	Remote Similarity	NPC483844
0.6438	Remote Similarity	NPC483846
0.6338	Remote Similarity	NPC607964
0.6267	Remote Similarity	NPC41481
0.6234	Remote Similarity	NPC472568
0.6234	Remote Similarity	NPC483848
0.6184	Remote Similarity	NPC252314
0.6154	Remote Similarity	NPC483849
0.6081	Remote Similarity	NPC48017
0.5867	Remote Similarity	NPC291599
0.5867	Remote Similarity	NPC246480
0.5513	Remote Similarity	NPC171207
0.5479	Remote Similarity	NPC474608
0.5375	Remote Similarity	NPC266265
0.5349	Remote Similarity	NPC473115
0.5333	Remote Similarity	NPC211137
0.5333	Remote Similarity	NPC66761
0.5333	Remote Similarity	NPC483843
0.5301	Remote Similarity	NPC271460
0.527	Remote Similarity	NPC283375
0.527	Remote Similarity	NPC183122
0.5263	Remote Similarity	NPC118080
0.5256	Remote Similarity	NPC4341
0.5256	Remote Similarity	NPC479047
0.5256	Remote Similarity	NPC291638
0.519	Remote Similarity	NPC471101
0.519	Remote Similarity	NPC27377
0.519	Remote Similarity	NPC137718
0.519	Remote Similarity	NPC148062
0.5185	Remote Similarity	NPC479043
0.5132	Remote Similarity	NPC475429
0.5132	Remote Similarity	NPC476094
0.5128	Remote Similarity	NPC473060
0.5128	Remote Similarity	NPC51314
0.5125	Remote Similarity	NPC254558
0.5125	Remote Similarity	NPC471107
0.5125	Remote Similarity	NPC471100
0.5125	Remote Similarity	NPC605884
0.5122	Remote Similarity	NPC96903
0.5063	Remote Similarity	NPC191082
0.5063	Remote Similarity	NPC147880
0.5062	Remote Similarity	NPC479044
0.5062	Remote Similarity	NPC471103
0.5059	Remote Similarity	NPC476971
0.5057	Remote Similarity	NPC488916

Similar Clinical/Approved Drugs

Similarity level is defined by Tanimoto coefficient (Tc) between two molecules.

● The left chart: Distribution of similarity level between NPC483841 and all drugs/candidates.
● The right table: Most similar clinical/approved drugs (Tc>=0.5 or Top200).

range	Tanimoto Coefficient
0-0.1	2749
0.1-0.2	6197
0.2-0.3	204
0.3-0.4	0
0.4-0.5	0
0.5-0.6	0
0.6-0.7	0
0.7-0.8	0
0.8-0.85	0
0.85-0.9	0
0.9-0.95	0
0.95-1	0

Similarity Score	Similarity Level	Drug ID	Developmental Stage
		NPD

Bioactivity similarity

Similar Natural Products in NPASS

Similarity level is defined by Bioactivity similarity was calculated based on bioactivity descriptors of compounds. The bioactivity descriptors were calculated by a recently developed AI algorithm Chemical Checker (CC) [Nature Biotechnology, 38:1087–1096, 2020; Nature Communications, 12:3932, 2021], which evaluated bioactivity similarities at five levels:
☉ A: chemistry similarity;
☉ B: biological targets similarity;
☉ C: networks similarity;
☉ D: cell-based bioactivity similarity;
☉ E: similarity based on clinical data.
Those 5 categories of CC bioactivity descriptors were calculated and then subjected to manifold projection using UMAP algorithm, to project all NPs on a 2-Dimensional space. The current NP was highlighted with a small circle in the 2-D map. Below figures: left-to-right, A-to-E.

A: chemistry similarity

B: biological targets similarity

C: networks similarity

D: cell-based bioactivity similarity

E: similarity based on clinical data