NPASS Compound

Natural Product: NPC479159

Natural Product ID	NPC479159
Common Name ? The InCHIKey will be temporarily assigned as the "Common Name" if no IUPAC name or alternative short name is available.	KDYXEDOVSLFEPJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N
IUPAC Name	n.a.
Synonyms
Synthetic Gene Cluster	n.a.
ChEMBL Identifier	n.a.
PubChem CID	n.a.
Chemical Classification	CHEMONTID:0000000 [Organic compounds] [CHEMONTID:0000002] Organoheterocyclic compounds [CHEMONTID:0000123] Benzopyrans [CHEMONTID:0003410] 1-benzopyrans [CHEMONTID:0002817] Dibenzopyrans [CHEMONTID:0000200] Xanthenes [CHEMONTID:0000204] Xanthones [CHEMONTID:0003519] 8-prenylated xanthones

The Chemical Classification was calculated by Classyfire, a software for chemical taxonomy calculation. Reference: DOI:10.1186/s13321-016-0174-y.

Chemical Representations

RDKit 3D 85 87 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0999 V2000 8.7837 -1.0070 1.9779 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 7.5994 -0.3934 1.3402 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 6.3832 -0.6945 1.7356 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 5.1315 -0.1034 1.1269 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4.3717 -1.2384 0.5550 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3.0322 -0.8280 -0.0983 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2.1995 -0.1870 0.9743 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3.3062 -0.0122 -1.2879 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2.2399 0.5630 -2.1507 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1.2702 1.4666 -1.5208 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.0472 1.0452 -1.0707 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -0.7584 1.9774 -0.3776 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -0.3421 3.2744 -0.1529 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.8918 3.6525 -0.6257 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1.7047 2.7952 -1.2985 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2.9342 3.2088 -1.7589 O 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3.0237 3.7759 -3.0736 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1.2732 4.9910 -0.3737 O 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -1.9399 1.5874 0.0546 O 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -2.4690 0.4183 -0.0877 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -3.7145 0.1228 0.4053 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -4.5588 1.0957 1.1167 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -3.9201 2.4065 1.2800 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -4.4417 3.4808 0.7225 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -3.7906 4.8279 0.8874 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -5.6821 3.3494 -0.0820 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -4.1938 -1.1785 0.1945 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -3.4525 -2.1111 -0.4737 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -3.9876 -3.4691 -0.6911 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -3.9953 -4.2843 0.5580 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -5.0956 -4.8606 0.9789 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -6.3702 -4.7325 0.2403 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -5.0805 -5.6585 2.2282 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -2.2094 -1.7882 -0.9572 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -1.7017 -0.5222 -0.7715 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -0.4498 -0.2287 -1.2682 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.2070 -1.0847 -1.8792 O 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -1.4146 -2.7177 -1.6500 O 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -5.4569 -1.4301 0.7129 O 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2.4343 -2.0626 -0.4412 O 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 7.8090 0.5732 0.2351 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 9.6811 -0.3844 1.7844 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 8.9502 -2.0590 1.6383 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 8.6758 -1.0725 3.0898 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 6.2865 -1.4243 2.5610 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 5.5001 0.5994 0.3519 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4.6058 0.3909 1.9687 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4.1622 -1.9718 1.3552 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4.9728 -1.7602 -0.2163 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1.1770 -0.6313 1.0367 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2.6913 -0.3428 1.9782 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2.1085 0.9104 0.8847 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3.9942 -0.6740 -1.9477 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4.0126 0.8142 -0.9385 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1.7846 -0.2410 -2.7430 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2.8605 1.2041 -2.9102 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -0.9844 3.9525 0.3810 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3.9117 3.3188 -3.5517 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2.1413 3.4787 -3.6823 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3.1795 4.8566 -3.0321 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.5950 5.7361 -0.4817 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -5.5355 1.2058 0.5861 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -4.7862 0.6174 2.1151 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -3.0190 2.5067 1.8626 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -4.5751 5.5688 1.1617 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -3.3073 5.0779 -0.0702 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -3.0363 4.8216 1.6736 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -5.5260 2.5933 -0.8819 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -6.4806 2.9841 0.5836 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -5.9260 4.3497 -0.5084 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -5.0315 -3.3831 -1.0928 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -3.4256 -4.0442 -1.4564 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -3.0712 -4.4056 1.1364 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -7.1711 -5.3835 0.6939 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -6.1849 -5.2036 -0.7690 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -6.7229 -3.7239 0.0611 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -4.1198 -6.2388 2.2341 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -5.0497 -5.0191 3.1368 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -5.9413 -6.3491 2.2770 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -1.0812 -3.5059 -1.1068 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -6.2175 -0.9156 0.2517 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2.6740 -2.7536 0.2327 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 7.2560 0.2432 -0.6775 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 8.8927 0.6520 -0.0343 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 7.4622 1.5861 0.4599 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 2 1 0 2 3 2 3 3 4 1 0 4 5 1 0 5 6 1 0 6 7 1 0 6 8 1 0 8 9 1 0 9 10 1 0 10 11 2 0 11 12 1 0 12 13 2 0 13 14 1 0 14 15 2 0 15 16 1 0 16 17 1 0 14 18 1 0 12 19 1 0 19 20 1 0 20 21 2 0 21 22 1 0 22 23 1 0 23 24 2 3 24 25 1 0 24 26 1 0 21 27 1 0 27 28 2 0 28 29 1 0 29 30 1 0 30 31 2 3 31 32 1 0 31 33 1 0 28 34 1 0 34 35 2 0 35 36 1 0 36 37 2 0 34 38 1 0 27 39 1 0 6 40 1 0 2 41 1 0 15 10 1 0 35 20 1 0 36 11 1 0 1 42 1 0 1 43 1 0 1 44 1 0 3 45 1 0 4 46 1 0 4 47 1 0 5 48 1 0 5 49 1 0 7 50 1 0 7 51 1 0 7 52 1 0 8 53 1 0 8 54 1 0 9 55 1 0 9 56 1 0 13 57 1 0 17 58 1 0 17 59 1 0 17 60 1 0 18 61 1 0 22 62 1 0 22 63 1 0 23 64 1 0 25 65 1 0 25 66 1 0 25 67 1 0 26 68 1 0 26 69 1 0 26 70 1 0 29 71 1 0 29 72 1 0 30 73 1 0 32 74 1 0 32 75 1 0 32 76 1 0 33 77 1 0 33 78 1 0 33 79 1 0 38 80 1 0 39 81 1 0 40 82 1 0 41 83 1 0 41 84 1 0 41 85 1 0 M END

Standard InCHIKey	KDYXEDOVSLFEPJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N
Standard InCHI	InChI=1S/C34H44O7/c1-19(2)10-9-16-34(7,39)17-15-22-27-26(18-25(35)32(22)40-8)41-33-24(14-12-21(5)6)29(36)23(13-11-20(3)4)30(37)28(33)31(27)38/h10-12,18,35-37,39H,9,13-17H2,1-8H3
SMILES	CC(=CCCC(C)(CCc1c2c(cc(c1OC)O)oc1c(CC=C(C)C)c(c(CC=C(C)C)c(c1c2=O)O)O)O)C

Calculated Properties

Physi-Chem Properties

Molecular Weight:	564.31	Volume:	606.118 ? Van der Waals volume.
Dense:	0.931	LogP:	7.36 ? The logarithm of the n-octanol/water distribution coefficients.
logD7.4:	4.81 ? The logarithm of the n-octanol/water distribution coefficient at pH=7.4.	LogS:	-5.569 ? The logarithm of aqueous solubility value.
Rotatable Bonds:	11.0	Rigid Bonds:	20.0
TPSA:	120.36 ? Topological Polar Surface Area.	H-Bond Acceptor:	7.0
H-Bond Donor:	4.0	Rings:	3.0
Heavy Atoms:	7.0

MedChem Properties

QED Drug-Likeness Score:	0.14	GASA:	1.0 ? GASA represents the probability of being difficult to synthesize, ranging from 0 to 1.
Synthetic Accessibility Score:	4.086	Fsp³:	0.441
MCE-18:	54.0 ? MCE-18 stands for medicinal chemistry evolution.MCE-18≥45 is considered a suitable value.	Lipinski Rule-of-5:	Accepted
Pfizer Rule:	Rejected	GSK Rule:	Accepted
Golden Triangle Rule:	Accepted	BMS Rule:	0
Chelating Alert:	1	PAINS Alert:	0
Colloidal aggregators:	0.992	Fluc inhibitor:	0.265 ? The fluc inhibitor value is the probability of being fLuc inhibitors, within the range of 0 to 1.
Blue fluorescence:	0.854 ? The blue fluorescence value is the probability of being blue fluorescence, within the range of 0 to 1	Green fluorescence:	0.775 ? The green fluorescence value is the probability of being green fluorescence, within the range of 0 to 1
Reactive compounds:	0.197	Promiscuous compounds:	0.204

ADMET Properties (ADMETlab3.0)

ADMET: Absorption

Caco-2 Permeability:	-5.008	MDCK Permeability:	-4.685
Pgp-inhibitor:	0.993	Pgp-substrate:	0.211
PAMPA:	0.301 ? The experimental data for Peff was logarithmically transformed (logPeff). Molecules with log Peff values below 2.0 were classified as low-permeability (Category 0), while those with log Peff values exceeding 2.5 were classified as high-permeability (Category 1).	Human Intestinal Absorption (HIA):	0.24
20% Bioavailability (F20%):	0.832	30% Bioavailability (F30%):	0.984
50% Bioavailability (F50%):	1.0

ADMET: Distribution

Blood-Brain-Barrier Penetration (BBB):	0.0	MRP1:	0.982
Plasma Protein Binding (PPB):	95.016%	Volume Distribution (VD):	0.237
Fu:	5.046% ? The fraction unbound in plasms.	OATP1B1 inhibitor:	1.0
OATP1B3 inhibitor:	0.912	BCRP inhibitor:	0.936
BSEP inhibitor:	0.997

ADMET: Metabolism

CYP1A2-inhibitor:	0.0	CYP1A2-substrate:	1.0
CYP2C19-inhibitor:	1.0	CYP2C19-substrate:	1.0
CYP2C9-inhibitor:	0.484	CYP2C9-substrate:	0.008
CYP2D6-inhibitor:	0.069	CYP2D6-substrate:	0.995
CYP3A4-inhibitor:	0.058	CYP3A4-substrate:	1.0
CYP2B6-substrate:	0.0	CYP2C8-inhibitor:	1.0
HLM stability:	1.0 ? Human liver microsomal (HLM) stability. Category 0: stable+ (HLM > 30 min); Category 1: unstable- (HLM ≤ 30 min). The output value is the probability of human liver microsomal instability, where a value closer to 1 indicates a higher likelihood of instability.

ADMET: Excretion

Clearance (CL):

2.329

Half-life (T1/2):

1.442

ADMET: Toxicity

hERG Blockers:	0.05	hERG Blockers (10um):	0.629
Human Hepatotoxicity (H-HT):	0.564	Drug-induced Liver Injury (DILI):	0.341
AMES Toxicity:	0.249	Rat Oral Acute Toxicity:	0.602
Maximum Recommended Daily Dose:	0.698	Skin Sensitization:	0.985
Carcinogencity:	0.33	Eye Corrosion:	0.0
Eye Irritation:	0.133	Respiratory Toxicity:	0.985
Drug-induced Neurotoxicity:	0.087	Ototoxicity:	0.68
Hematotoxicity:	0.158	Drug-induced Nephrotoxicity:	0.59
Genotoxicity:	0.391	RPMI-8226 Immunitoxicity:	0.052
A549 Cytotoxicity:	0.206	Hek293 Cytotoxicity:	0.395
BCF:	2.114 ? Bioconcentration factors are used for considering secondary poisoning potential and assessing risks to human health via the food chain. The unit is -log10[(mg/L)/(1000*MW)].	IGC50:	5.534 ? 48 hour Tetrahymena pyriformis IGC50. The unit of IGC50 is -log10[(mg/L)/(1000*MW)].
LC50DM:	7.254 ? 48 hour Daphnia magna LC50. The unit of LC50DM is -log10[(mg/L)/(1000*MW)].	LC50FM:	6.894 ? 96 hour fathead minnow LC50. The unit of LC50FM is -log10[(mg/L)/(1000*MW)].

Species Source

Organism ID	Organism Name	Taxonomy Level	Family	SuperKingdom	Isolation Part	Collection Location	Collection Time	Reference
NPO40853	Garcinia tetrandra	Species	Clusiaceae	Eukaryota	Stem Bark	n.a.	n.a.	PMID[30978023]
NPO40853	Garcinia tetrandra	Species	Clusiaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[COCONUT]

Note for Reference:
In addition to directly collecting NP source organism data from primary literature (where reference will provided as NCBI PMID or DOI links), NPASS also integrated them from below databases:
☉ UNPD: Universal Natural Products Database [PMID: 23638153].
☉ StreptomeDB: a database of streptomycetes natural products [PMID: 33051671].
☉ TM-MC: a database of medicinal materials and chemical compounds in Northeast Asian traditional medicine [PMID: 26156871].
☉ TCM@Taiwan: a Traditional Chinese Medicine database [PMID: 21253603].
☉ TCMID: a Traditional Chinese Medicine database [PMID: 29106634].
☉ TCMSP: The traditional Chinese medicine systems pharmacology database and analysis platform [PMID: 24735618].
☉ HerDing: a herb recommendation system to treat diseases using genes and chemicals [PMID: 26980517].
☉ MetaboLights: a metabolomics database [PMID: 27010336].
☉ FooDB: a database of constituents, chemistry and biology of food species [www.foodb.ca].

NP Quantity Composition/Concentration

Organism ID	Organism Name	Organism Material Preparation	Organism Part	NP Quantity (Standard)	NP Quantity (Minimum)	NP Quantity (Maximum)	Quantity Unit	Reference

Note for Reference:
In addition to directly collecting NP quantitative data from primary literature (where reference will provided as NCBI PMID or DOI links), NPASS also integrated NP quantitative records for specific NP domains (e.g., NPS from foods or herbs) from domain-specific databases. These databases include:
☉ DUKE: Dr. Duke's Phytochemical and Ethnobotanical Databases.
☉ PHENOL EXPLORER: is the first comprehensive database on polyphenol content in foods [PMID: 24103452], its homepage can be accessed at here.
☉ FooDB: a database of constituents, chemistry and biology of food species [www.foodb.ca].

Biological Activity

Activity Type	# Activity
IC50	5

Activity Type	# Activity
Cell line	5

Molecular-level activity

Target ID	Target Type	Target Name	Target Organism	Activity Type	Activity Relation	Value	Unit	Reference

In vitro activity

Target ID	Target Type	Target Name	Target Organism	Activity Type	Activity Relation	Value	Unit	Reference
NPT139	Cell line	HT-29	Homo sapiens	IC50	>	10000.0	nM	PMID[30978023]
NPT65	Cell line	HepG2	Homo sapiens	IC50	>	10000.0	nM	PMID[30978023]
NPT83	Cell line	MCF7	Homo sapiens	IC50	=	8800.0	nM	PMID[30978023]
NPT91	Cell line	KB	Homo sapiens	IC50	=	7100.0	nM	PMID[30978023]
NPT20987	Cell line	HeLa S3	Homo sapiens	IC50	>	10000.0	nM	PMID[30978023]

In vivo activity

Target ID	Target Type	Target Name	Target Organism	Activity Type	Activity Relation	Value	Unit	Reference

Experimental ADME

Experiment Model	Experiment Tissue	ADME Type	ADME Relation	ADME Value	ADME Unit	Reference

Experimental Toxicity

Quantitative toxicity

Experiment Model	Experiment Organism	Toxicity Type	Toxicity Relation	Toxicity Value	Toxicity Unit	Reference

Common Abbreviations:
LC: Lethal Concentration; LD: Lethal Dose; LT:Lethal Time; NOAEL: No-observed-adverse-effect Level; BMDL: Benchmark Dose Lower Confidence Limit; BMD: Benchmark Dose; BMC:Benchmark Concentration; LOAEL: Lowest Observed Adverse Effect Level; RfD:Reference Dose; RfC:Reference Concentration; MRL: Minimal Risk Level; MEG: Maximum Exposure Guideline; PAC: Protective Action Criteria

Categorical toxicity labels

Hepatotoxicity	Carcinogenicity	Mutagenicity	Cardiotoxicity	Respiratory Toxicity	Eye Irritation	Endocrine Disruption

Note for Reference:
In addition to directly collecting NP quantitative data from primary literature (where reference will provided as NCBI PMID or DOI links), NPASS also integrated NP toxicity records from domain-specific databases. These databases include:
☉ ToxValDB: a curated database that compiles quantitative toxicity values for chemicals from diverse public sources to support toxicological research and risk assessment.
☉ TOXRIC: a comprehensive, free-to-access, online database providing toxicological/feature data. The toxicity labels are retrieved from this database. [PMID: 36400569]

Chemically structural similarity

Similar Active Natural Products in NPASS

Top-200 similar NPs were calculated against the active-NP-set (includes approximately 50,000 NPs with experimentally-derived bioactivity available in NPASS)

Similarity is measured using the Tanimoto coefficient (Tc) , which compares the binary fingerprints of two molecules. Tc is calculated as the intersection divided by the union of '1' bits in the fingerprints, ranging from 0 to 1, with 1 indicating highest similarity.

● The left chart: Distribution of similarity level between NPC479159 and all remaining natural products in the NPASS database.
● The right table: Most similar natural products (Tc>=0.5 or Top200).

range	Tanimoto Coefficient
0-0.1	14602
0.1-0.2	31887
0.2-0.3	3073
0.3-0.4	231
0.4-0.5	44
0.5-0.6	15
0.6-0.7	3
0.7-0.8	0
0.8-0.85	0
0.85-0.9	0
0.9-0.95	0
0.95-1	0

Similarity Score	Similarity Level	Natural Product ID
0.7468	Intermediate Similarity	NPC479155
0.6667	Remote Similarity	NPC479164
0.65	Remote Similarity	NPC61010
0.6322	Remote Similarity	NPC479158
0.5904	Remote Similarity	NPC310349
0.5747	Remote Similarity	NPC206153
0.5747	Remote Similarity	NPC271629
0.5698	Remote Similarity	NPC40491
0.5698	Remote Similarity	NPC278052
0.5679	Remote Similarity	NPC479160
0.5652	Remote Similarity	NPC150977
0.5625	Remote Similarity	NPC228785
0.5412	Remote Similarity	NPC25152
0.5385	Remote Similarity	NPC7483
0.5385	Remote Similarity	NPC74766
0.5114	Remote Similarity	NPC152659
0.506	Remote Similarity	NPC14353
0.5059	Remote Similarity	NPC236132
0.5056	Remote Similarity	NPC170245

Similar Clinical/Approved Drugs

Similarity level is defined by Tanimoto coefficient (Tc) between two molecules.

● The left chart: Distribution of similarity level between NPC479159 and all drugs/candidates.
● The right table: Most similar clinical/approved drugs (Tc>=0.5 or Top200).

range	Tanimoto Coefficient
0-0.1	3201
0.1-0.2	5914
0.2-0.3	34
0.3-0.4	1
0.4-0.5	0
0.5-0.6	0
0.6-0.7	0
0.7-0.8	0
0.8-0.85	0
0.85-0.9	0
0.9-0.95	0
0.95-1	0

Similarity Score	Similarity Level	Drug ID	Developmental Stage
		NPD

Bioactivity similarity

Similar Natural Products in NPASS

Similarity level is defined by Bioactivity similarity was calculated based on bioactivity descriptors of compounds. The bioactivity descriptors were calculated by a recently developed AI algorithm Chemical Checker (CC) [Nature Biotechnology, 38:1087–1096, 2020; Nature Communications, 12:3932, 2021], which evaluated bioactivity similarities at five levels:
☉ A: chemistry similarity;
☉ B: biological targets similarity;
☉ C: networks similarity;
☉ D: cell-based bioactivity similarity;
☉ E: similarity based on clinical data.
Those 5 categories of CC bioactivity descriptors were calculated and then subjected to manifold projection using UMAP algorithm, to project all NPs on a 2-Dimensional space. The current NP was highlighted with a small circle in the 2-D map. Below figures: left-to-right, A-to-E.

A: chemistry similarity

B: biological targets similarity

C: networks similarity

D: cell-based bioactivity similarity

E: similarity based on clinical data