NPASS Compound

Natural Product: NPC475292

Natural Product ID	NPC475292
Common Name ? The InCHIKey will be temporarily assigned as the "Common Name" if no IUPAC name or alternative short name is available.	Edulirin A
IUPAC Name	n.a.
Synonyms
Synthetic Gene Cluster	n.a.
ChEMBL Identifier	CHEMBL503015
PubChem CID	16099513
Chemical Classification	CHEMONTID:0000000 [Organic compounds] [CHEMONTID:0000261] Phenylpropanoids and polyketides [CHEMONTID:0000334] Flavonoids [CHEMONTID:0002585] O-methylated flavonoids [CHEMONTID:0002590] 5-O-methylated flavonoids

The Chemical Classification was calculated by Classyfire, a software for chemical taxonomy calculation. Reference: DOI:10.1186/s13321-016-0174-y.

Chemical Representations

RDKit 3D 87 93 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0999 V2000 -1.7065 -3.3859 -3.9605 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -0.9246 -3.2328 -2.7869 O 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -1.4390 -3.1474 -1.5193 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -1.6007 -4.3780 -0.8552 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -1.3563 -5.7027 -1.1861 O 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -2.0965 -6.5354 -0.2978 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -2.1725 -5.6973 0.8542 O 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -2.1155 -4.3642 0.4285 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -2.4487 -3.1561 1.0044 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -2.2943 -1.9447 0.3617 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -1.7784 -1.9755 -0.9188 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -1.6323 -0.6807 -1.5953 C 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -1.5506 -0.7705 -2.9812 O 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -0.5389 0.2110 -1.0332 C 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.6164 -0.5729 -0.4946 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.4923 -1.8184 -0.3035 O 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1.8747 -0.0314 -0.1709 N 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2.3089 1.3275 -0.3196 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2.8749 1.5888 1.0851 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3.3810 0.2275 1.5461 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3.0464 -0.6946 0.3988 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4.0863 -0.6316 -0.5721 N 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 5.1169 -1.3588 -0.6815 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 5.5214 -2.4774 0.1748 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 6.8908 -2.2734 0.7898 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 6.9895 -1.0545 1.6482 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 7.9580 -2.1582 -0.3032 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 5.9732 -1.0506 -1.7588 O 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -1.2336 0.9764 0.0484 C 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -2.6672 0.4780 0.1179 C 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -2.6334 -0.7140 0.9407 O 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -2.9595 0.0505 -1.2577 C 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -3.2779 0.9681 -2.1991 O 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -3.5701 1.4247 0.7646 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -4.2196 2.4600 0.1667 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -5.0694 3.3177 0.8488 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -5.2995 3.1572 2.1915 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -4.6559 2.1162 2.8294 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -3.8195 1.2783 2.1397 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -6.1548 4.0121 2.9025 O 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -6.7959 5.0638 2.2264 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -1.1358 2.4235 0.0148 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -1.0637 3.1750 1.2000 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -0.9571 4.5482 1.1563 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -0.9171 5.2301 -0.0387 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -0.9876 4.4955 -1.2253 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -1.0946 3.1148 -1.1634 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -2.7590 -3.0971 -3.7799 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -1.6993 -4.4491 -4.3101 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -1.2130 -2.8160 -4.7731 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -3.1327 -6.7046 -0.6956 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -1.6099 -7.4909 -0.1027 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -2.8535 -3.1344 2.0108 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -0.6315 -0.6469 -3.2829 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -0.1435 0.8189 -1.8523 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1.5719 2.0573 -0.6144 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3.1794 1.3036 -1.0552 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2.0091 1.8952 1.7080 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3.6792 2.3461 1.0508 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4.4451 0.3373 1.7436 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2.8878 -0.0929 2.4886 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2.8036 -1.7203 0.7382 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4.8073 -2.6983 0.9735 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 5.5997 -3.3890 -0.4568 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 7.1868 -3.1478 1.4029 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 8.0934 -0.9014 1.8441 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 6.5160 -1.1319 2.6284 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 6.6997 -0.1278 1.0830 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 7.6977 -2.8836 -1.1039 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 8.9627 -2.4699 0.1030 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 8.0419 -1.1192 -0.6726 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 5.9448 -0.1097 -2.1618 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -0.7728 0.6548 1.0330 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -3.7595 -0.7561 -1.2218 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -2.9300 0.6452 -3.0896 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -4.0611 2.6318 -0.9112 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -5.5599 4.1214 0.3344 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -4.8478 1.9995 3.9022 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -3.3211 0.4582 2.6728 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -6.0585 5.8048 1.8202 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -7.3876 5.6522 2.9867 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -7.4232 4.6662 1.4212 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -1.0947 2.6373 2.1291 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -0.9025 5.1209 2.0669 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -0.8338 6.3059 -0.0182 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -0.9580 5.0092 -2.1627 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -1.1364 2.5834 -2.0932 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 2 1 0 2 3 1 0 3 4 2 0 4 5 1 0 5 6 1 0 6 7 1 0 7 8 1 0 8 9 2 0 9 10 1 0 10 11 2 0 11 12 1 0 12 13 1 6 12 14 1 0 14 15 1 0 15 16 2 0 15 17 1 0 17 18 1 0 18 19 1 0 19 20 1 0 20 21 1 0 21 22 1 0 22 23 2 3 23 24 1 0 24 25 1 0 25 26 1 0 25 27 1 0 23 28 1 0 14 29 1 0 29 30 1 0 30 31 1 0 30 32 1 0 32 33 1 0 30 34 1 1 34 35 2 0 35 36 1 0 36 37 2 0 37 38 1 0 38 39 2 0 37 40 1 0 40 41 1 0 29 42 1 0 42 43 2 0 43 44 1 0 44 45 2 0 45 46 1 0 46 47 2 0 11 3 1 0 32 12 1 0 39 34 1 0 47 42 1 0 8 4 1 0 31 10 1 0 21 17 1 0 1 48 1 0 1 49 1 0 1 50 1 0 6 51 1 0 6 52 1 0 9 53 1 0 13 54 1 0 14 55 1 6 18 56 1 0 18 57 1 0 19 58 1 0 19 59 1 0 20 60 1 0 20 61 1 0 21 62 1 0 24 63 1 0 24 64 1 0 25 65 1 0 26 66 1 0 26 67 1 0 26 68 1 0 27 69 1 0 27 70 1 0 27 71 1 0 28 72 1 0 29 73 1 1 32 74 1 1 33 75 1 0 35 76 1 0 36 77 1 0 38 78 1 0 39 79 1 0 41 80 1 0 41 81 1 0 41 82 1 0 43 83 1 0 44 84 1 0 45 85 1 0 46 86 1 0 47 87 1 0 M END

Standard InCHIKey	ADLZFRJWHFEYCQ-FLKKBAACSA-N
Standard InCHI	InChI=1S/C36H40N2O9/c1-20(2)17-27(39)37-26-11-8-16-38(26)33(40)30-28(21-9-6-5-7-10-21)36(22-12-14-23(43-3)15-13-22)34(41)35(30,42)29-24(47-36)18-25-31(32(29)44-4)46-19-45-25/h5-7,9-10,12-15,18,20,26,28,30,34,41-42H,8,11,16-17,19H2,1-4H3,(H,37,39)/t26?,28-,30+,34+,35+,36+/m1/s1
SMILES	COc1c2OCOc2cc2c1[C@]1(O)[C@H](C(=O)N3CCCC3N=C(CC(C)C)O)[C@H]([C@](O2)([C@H]1O)c1ccc(cc1)OC)c1ccccc1

Calculated Properties

Physi-Chem Properties

Molecular Weight:	644.27	Volume:	643.421 ? Van der Waals volume.
Dense:	1.001	LogP:	4.826 ? The logarithm of the n-octanol/water distribution coefficients.
logD7.4:	3.652 ? The logarithm of the n-octanol/water distribution coefficient at pH=7.4.	LogS:	-5.553 ? The logarithm of aqueous solubility value.
Rotatable Bonds:	9.0	Rigid Bonds:	37.0
TPSA:	139.51 ? Topological Polar Surface Area.	H-Bond Acceptor:	11.0
H-Bond Donor:	3.0	Rings:	7.0
Heavy Atoms:	11.0

MedChem Properties

QED Drug-Likeness Score:	0.237	GASA:	1.0 ? GASA represents the probability of being difficult to synthesize, ranging from 0 to 1.
Synthetic Accessibility Score:	5.568	Fsp³:	0.444
MCE-18:	145.538 ? MCE-18 stands for medicinal chemistry evolution.MCE-18≥45 is considered a suitable value.	Lipinski Rule-of-5:	Accepted
Pfizer Rule:	Rejected	GSK Rule:	Accepted
Golden Triangle Rule:	Accepted	BMS Rule:	0
Chelating Alert:	0	PAINS Alert:	0
Colloidal aggregators:	0.392	Fluc inhibitor:	0.058 ? The fluc inhibitor value is the probability of being fLuc inhibitors, within the range of 0 to 1.
Blue fluorescence:	0.072 ? The blue fluorescence value is the probability of being blue fluorescence, within the range of 0 to 1	Green fluorescence:	0.823 ? The green fluorescence value is the probability of being green fluorescence, within the range of 0 to 1
Reactive compounds:	0.001	Promiscuous compounds:	0.001

ADMET Properties (ADMETlab3.0)

ADMET: Absorption

Caco-2 Permeability:	-5.709	MDCK Permeability:	-4.943
Pgp-inhibitor:	0.0	Pgp-substrate:	0.646
PAMPA:	0.898 ? The experimental data for Peff was logarithmically transformed (logPeff). Molecules with log Peff values below 2.0 were classified as low-permeability (Category 0), while those with log Peff values exceeding 2.5 were classified as high-permeability (Category 1).	Human Intestinal Absorption (HIA):	0.002
20% Bioavailability (F20%):	0.026	30% Bioavailability (F30%):	0.008
50% Bioavailability (F50%):	0.937

ADMET: Distribution

Blood-Brain-Barrier Penetration (BBB):	0.609	MRP1:	0.983
Plasma Protein Binding (PPB):	93.259%	Volume Distribution (VD):	0.005
Fu:	5.036% ? The fraction unbound in plasms.	OATP1B1 inhibitor:	0.585
OATP1B3 inhibitor:	0.842	BCRP inhibitor:	0.001
BSEP inhibitor:	0.623

ADMET: Metabolism

CYP1A2-inhibitor:	0.186	CYP1A2-substrate:	0.007
CYP2C19-inhibitor:	0.999	CYP2C19-substrate:	0.086
CYP2C9-inhibitor:	1.0	CYP2C9-substrate:	0.0
CYP2D6-inhibitor:	0.001	CYP2D6-substrate:	0.886
CYP3A4-inhibitor:	1.0	CYP3A4-substrate:	0.008
CYP2B6-substrate:	0.0	CYP2C8-inhibitor:	0.0
HLM stability:	0.016 ? Human liver microsomal (HLM) stability. Category 0: stable+ (HLM > 30 min); Category 1: unstable- (HLM ≤ 30 min). The output value is the probability of human liver microsomal instability, where a value closer to 1 indicates a higher likelihood of instability.

ADMET: Excretion

Clearance (CL):

4.29

Half-life (T1/2):

1.526

ADMET: Toxicity

hERG Blockers:	0.194	hERG Blockers (10um):	0.275
Human Hepatotoxicity (H-HT):	0.942	Drug-induced Liver Injury (DILI):	0.922
AMES Toxicity:	0.502	Rat Oral Acute Toxicity:	0.721
Maximum Recommended Daily Dose:	0.859	Skin Sensitization:	0.956
Carcinogencity:	0.475	Eye Corrosion:	0.0
Eye Irritation:	0.1	Respiratory Toxicity:	0.964
Drug-induced Neurotoxicity:	0.883	Ototoxicity:	0.899
Hematotoxicity:	0.756	Drug-induced Nephrotoxicity:	0.901
Genotoxicity:	0.294	RPMI-8226 Immunitoxicity:	0.222
A549 Cytotoxicity:	0.387	Hek293 Cytotoxicity:	0.85
BCF:	1.221 ? Bioconcentration factors are used for considering secondary poisoning potential and assessing risks to human health via the food chain. The unit is -log10[(mg/L)/(1000*MW)].	IGC50:	3.831 ? 48 hour Tetrahymena pyriformis IGC50. The unit of IGC50 is -log10[(mg/L)/(1000*MW)].
LC50DM:	5.597 ? 48 hour Daphnia magna LC50. The unit of LC50DM is -log10[(mg/L)/(1000*MW)].	LC50FM:	4.822 ? 96 hour fathead minnow LC50. The unit of LC50FM is -log10[(mg/L)/(1000*MW)].

Species Source

Organism ID	Organism Name	Taxonomy Level	Family	SuperKingdom	Isolation Part	Collection Location	Collection Time	Reference
NPO3902	Aglaia edulis	Species	Meliaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	PMID[17190457]
NPO3902	Aglaia edulis	Species	Meliaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[COCONUT]
NPO3902	Aglaia edulis	Species	Meliaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[TCMID]
NPO3902	Aglaia edulis	Species	Meliaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[UNPD]

Note for Reference:
In addition to directly collecting NP source organism data from primary literature (where reference will provided as NCBI PMID or DOI links), NPASS also integrated them from below databases:
☉ UNPD: Universal Natural Products Database [PMID: 23638153].
☉ StreptomeDB: a database of streptomycetes natural products [PMID: 33051671].
☉ TM-MC: a database of medicinal materials and chemical compounds in Northeast Asian traditional medicine [PMID: 26156871].
☉ TCM@Taiwan: a Traditional Chinese Medicine database [PMID: 21253603].
☉ TCMID: a Traditional Chinese Medicine database [PMID: 29106634].
☉ TCMSP: The traditional Chinese medicine systems pharmacology database and analysis platform [PMID: 24735618].
☉ HerDing: a herb recommendation system to treat diseases using genes and chemicals [PMID: 26980517].
☉ MetaboLights: a metabolomics database [PMID: 27010336].
☉ FooDB: a database of constituents, chemistry and biology of food species [www.foodb.ca].

NP Quantity Composition/Concentration

Organism ID	Organism Name	Organism Material Preparation	Organism Part	NP Quantity (Standard)	NP Quantity (Minimum)	NP Quantity (Maximum)	Quantity Unit	Reference

Note for Reference:
In addition to directly collecting NP quantitative data from primary literature (where reference will provided as NCBI PMID or DOI links), NPASS also integrated NP quantitative records for specific NP domains (e.g., NPS from foods or herbs) from domain-specific databases. These databases include:
☉ DUKE: Dr. Duke's Phytochemical and Ethnobotanical Databases.
☉ PHENOL EXPLORER: is the first comprehensive database on polyphenol content in foods [PMID: 24103452], its homepage can be accessed at here.
☉ FooDB: a database of constituents, chemistry and biology of food species [www.foodb.ca].

Biological Activity

Activity Type	# Activity
ED50	4

Activity Type	# Activity
Cell line	4

Molecular-level activity

Target ID	Target Type	Target Name	Target Organism	Activity Type	Activity Relation	Value	Unit	Reference

In vitro activity

Target ID	Target Type	Target Name	Target Organism	Activity Type	Activity Relation	Value	Unit	Reference
NPT1034	Cell line	Lu1	Homo sapiens	ED50	>	5.0	ug ml-1	PMID[9599261]
NPT858	Cell line	LNCaP	Homo sapiens	ED50	>	5.0	ug ml-1	PMID[9599261]
NPT83	Cell line	MCF7	Homo sapiens	ED50	>	5.0	ug ml-1	PMID[9599261]
NPT737	Cell line	HUVEC	Homo sapiens	ED50	>	5.0	ug ml-1	PMID[9599261]

In vivo activity

Target ID	Target Type	Target Name	Target Organism	Activity Type	Activity Relation	Value	Unit	Reference

Experimental ADME

Experiment Model	Experiment Tissue	ADME Type	ADME Relation	ADME Value	ADME Unit	Reference

Experimental Toxicity

Quantitative toxicity

Experiment Model	Experiment Organism	Toxicity Type	Toxicity Relation	Toxicity Value	Toxicity Unit	Reference

Common Abbreviations:
LC: Lethal Concentration; LD: Lethal Dose; LT:Lethal Time; NOAEL: No-observed-adverse-effect Level; BMDL: Benchmark Dose Lower Confidence Limit; BMD: Benchmark Dose; BMC:Benchmark Concentration; LOAEL: Lowest Observed Adverse Effect Level; RfD:Reference Dose; RfC:Reference Concentration; MRL: Minimal Risk Level; MEG: Maximum Exposure Guideline; PAC: Protective Action Criteria

Categorical toxicity labels

Hepatotoxicity	Carcinogenicity	Mutagenicity	Cardiotoxicity	Respiratory Toxicity	Eye Irritation	Endocrine Disruption

Note for Reference:
In addition to directly collecting NP quantitative data from primary literature (where reference will provided as NCBI PMID or DOI links), NPASS also integrated NP toxicity records from domain-specific databases. These databases include:
☉ ToxValDB: a curated database that compiles quantitative toxicity values for chemicals from diverse public sources to support toxicological research and risk assessment.
☉ TOXRIC: a comprehensive, free-to-access, online database providing toxicological/feature data. The toxicity labels are retrieved from this database. [PMID: 36400569]

Chemically structural similarity

Similar Active Natural Products in NPASS

Top-200 similar NPs were calculated against the active-NP-set (includes approximately 50,000 NPs with experimentally-derived bioactivity available in NPASS)

Similarity is measured using the Tanimoto coefficient (Tc) , which compares the binary fingerprints of two molecules. Tc is calculated as the intersection divided by the union of '1' bits in the fingerprints, ranging from 0 to 1, with 1 indicating highest similarity.

● The left chart: Distribution of similarity level between NPC475292 and all remaining natural products in the NPASS database.
● The right table: Most similar natural products (Tc>=0.5 or Top200).

range	Tanimoto Coefficient
0-0.1	12584
0.1-0.2	35971
0.2-0.3	1257
0.3-0.4	31
0.4-0.5	6
0.5-0.6	6
0.6-0.7	2
0.7-0.8	0
0.8-0.85	1
0.85-0.9	0
0.9-0.95	0
0.95-1	0

Similarity Score	Similarity Level	Natural Product ID
0.8462	Intermediate Similarity	NPC475442
0.6957	Remote Similarity	NPC79130
0.6333	Remote Similarity	NPC308709
0.5364	Remote Similarity	NPC5674
0.5269	Remote Similarity	NPC235698
0.5238	Remote Similarity	NPC293347
0.5133	Remote Similarity	NPC475624
0.5091	Remote Similarity	NPC475349
0.5051	Remote Similarity	NPC169605

Similar Clinical/Approved Drugs

Similarity level is defined by Tanimoto coefficient (Tc) between two molecules.

● The left chart: Distribution of similarity level between NPC475292 and all drugs/candidates.
● The right table: Most similar clinical/approved drugs (Tc>=0.5 or Top200).

range	Tanimoto Coefficient
0-0.1	2835
0.1-0.2	6085
0.2-0.3	230
0.3-0.4	0
0.4-0.5	0
0.5-0.6	0
0.6-0.7	0
0.7-0.8	0
0.8-0.85	0
0.85-0.9	0
0.9-0.95	0
0.95-1	0

Similarity Score	Similarity Level	Drug ID	Developmental Stage
		NPD

Bioactivity similarity

Similar Natural Products in NPASS

Similarity level is defined by Bioactivity similarity was calculated based on bioactivity descriptors of compounds. The bioactivity descriptors were calculated by a recently developed AI algorithm Chemical Checker (CC) [Nature Biotechnology, 38:1087–1096, 2020; Nature Communications, 12:3932, 2021], which evaluated bioactivity similarities at five levels:
☉ A: chemistry similarity;
☉ B: biological targets similarity;
☉ C: networks similarity;
☉ D: cell-based bioactivity similarity;
☉ E: similarity based on clinical data.
Those 5 categories of CC bioactivity descriptors were calculated and then subjected to manifold projection using UMAP algorithm, to project all NPs on a 2-Dimensional space. The current NP was highlighted with a small circle in the 2-D map. Below figures: left-to-right, A-to-E.

A: chemistry similarity

B: biological targets similarity

C: networks similarity

D: cell-based bioactivity similarity

E: similarity based on clinical data