NPASS Compound

Natural Product: NPC291999

Natural Product ID	NPC291999
Common Name ? The InCHIKey will be temporarily assigned as the "Common Name" if no IUPAC name or alternative short name is available.	Isoiguesterol
IUPAC Name	(6aS,6bS,8aR,11R,12aR,14aR)-3-hydroxy-11-(hydroxymethyl)-4,6a,6b,8a,14a-pentamethyl-8,9,10,11,12,12a,13,14-octahydro-7H-picen-2-one
Synonyms	Isoiguesterol
Synthetic Gene Cluster	n.a.
ChEMBL Identifier	CHEMBL480292
PubChem CID	10477355
Chemical Classification	CHEMONTID:0000000 [Organic compounds] [CHEMONTID:0004603] Organic oxygen compounds [CHEMONTID:0000323] Organooxygen compounds [CHEMONTID:0001831] Carbonyl compounds [CHEMONTID:0000118] Ketones [CHEMONTID:0003487] Cyclic ketones

The Chemical Classification was calculated by Classyfire, a software for chemical taxonomy calculation. Reference: DOI:10.1186/s13321-016-0174-y.

Chemical Representations

RDKit 3D 69 73 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0999 V2000 5.9427 1.4329 -2.0271 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 5.4092 0.3671 -1.1685 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 6.1396 -0.6802 -0.8603 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 5.5596 -1.7068 -0.0050 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 6.2840 -2.6973 0.2706 O 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4.1874 -1.5900 0.5131 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3.4541 -0.5477 0.2110 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4.0328 0.4697 -0.6413 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3.2954 1.5019 -0.9851 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1.9360 1.6309 -0.4858 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1.3497 0.7688 0.3226 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2.1043 -0.4280 0.7880 C 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2.3680 -0.3412 2.3107 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1.3283 -1.6867 0.5399 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -0.1263 -1.5141 0.9607 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -0.7795 -0.3303 0.2780 C 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -0.3816 -0.4993 -1.2016 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -2.2542 -0.3359 0.4104 C 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -2.8010 -1.2760 -0.6701 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -4.2788 -1.4876 -0.5948 C 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -4.9775 -0.2042 -0.1964 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -4.0498 0.9165 -0.6123 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -2.9483 0.9626 0.4623 C 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -3.7361 1.1272 1.7740 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -2.1655 2.1892 0.2300 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -0.7131 2.0621 -0.0478 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -0.0775 0.9224 0.7258 C 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -0.1674 1.2626 2.1577 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -4.8220 -1.8500 -1.9766 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -6.2000 -2.0491 -1.9150 O 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 7.4564 -0.8032 -1.3495 O 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 5.7878 2.4318 -1.5353 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 5.4729 1.4466 -3.0501 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 7.0280 1.3293 -2.1586 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3.8274 -2.4033 1.1403 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3.7441 2.2371 -1.6466 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1.4154 2.5319 -0.8452 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3.1381 -1.1444 2.5326 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2.8838 0.5904 2.5816 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1.5049 -0.6265 2.9038 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1.7470 -2.4711 1.2052 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1.4044 -2.0595 -0.4968 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -0.6433 -2.4241 0.6036 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -0.2160 -1.4913 2.0531 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -0.5839 -1.5298 -1.5497 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.7008 -0.3320 -1.3128 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -0.8960 0.1856 -1.8670 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -2.4867 -0.8943 1.3694 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -2.5440 -0.9804 -1.6822 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -2.3584 -2.2866 -0.4224 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -4.5605 -2.3348 0.0746 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -5.1266 -0.2745 0.8907 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -5.9375 -0.0980 -0.7485 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -3.6147 0.7433 -1.6058 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -4.5866 1.8894 -0.5597 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -3.2231 1.8580 2.4491 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -3.7532 0.1777 2.3183 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -4.7339 1.5775 1.6047 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -2.2717 2.9116 1.0977 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -2.5862 2.8132 -0.6193 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -0.1746 2.9888 0.3209 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -0.5348 2.0360 -1.1226 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -0.5892 0.4708 2.8089 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -0.8669 2.1436 2.3461 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.7712 1.6170 2.6311 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -4.6273 -0.9936 -2.6857 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -4.3683 -2.7663 -2.3736 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -6.7076 -1.2834 -2.2787 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 8.1964 -1.1720 -0.7936 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 2 1 0 2 3 2 0 3 4 1 0 4 5 2 0 4 6 1 0 6 7 2 0 7 8 1 0 8 9 2 0 9 10 1 0 10 11 2 0 11 12 1 0 12 13 1 1 12 14 1 0 14 15 1 0 15 16 1 0 16 17 1 6 16 18 1 0 18 19 1 0 19 20 1 0 20 21 1 0 21 22 1 0 22 23 1 0 23 24 1 1 23 25 1 0 25 26 1 0 26 27 1 0 27 28 1 1 20 29 1 0 29 30 1 0 3 31 1 0 8 2 1 0 27 11 1 0 12 7 1 0 27 16 1 0 23 18 1 0 1 32 1 0 1 33 1 0 1 34 1 0 6 35 1 0 9 36 1 0 10 37 1 0 13 38 1 0 13 39 1 0 13 40 1 0 14 41 1 0 14 42 1 0 15 43 1 0 15 44 1 0 17 45 1 0 17 46 1 0 17 47 1 0 18 48 1 1 19 49 1 0 19 50 1 0 20 51 1 1 21 52 1 0 21 53 1 0 22 54 1 0 22 55 1 0 24 56 1 0 24 57 1 0 24 58 1 0 25 59 1 0 25 60 1 0 26 61 1 0 26 62 1 0 28 63 1 0 28 64 1 0 28 65 1 0 29 66 1 0 29 67 1 0 30 68 1 0 31 69 1 0 M END

Standard InCHIKey	RRKSDDREVOXSJD-VOEASNBBSA-N
Standard InCHI	InChI=1S/C28H38O3/c1-17-19-6-7-22-26(3,20(19)15-21(30)24(17)31)11-13-28(5)23-14-18(16-29)8-9-25(23,2)10-12-27(22,28)4/h6-7,15,18,23,29,31H,8-14,16H2,1-5H3/t18-,23-,25-,26+,27-,28+/m1/s1
SMILES	CC1=C(C(=O)C=C2C1=CC=C1[C@@]2(C)CC[C@@]2(C)[C@@H]3C[C@@H](CC[C@]3(C)CC[C@]12C)CO)O

Calculated Properties

Physi-Chem Properties

Molecular Weight:	422.28	Volume:	463.25 ? Van der Waals volume.
Dense:	0.912	LogP:	2.882 ? The logarithm of the n-octanol/water distribution coefficients.
logD7.4:	2.83 ? The logarithm of the n-octanol/water distribution coefficient at pH=7.4.	LogS:	-4.77 ? The logarithm of aqueous solubility value.
Rotatable Bonds:	1.0	Rigid Bonds:	27.0
TPSA:	57.53 ? Topological Polar Surface Area.	H-Bond Acceptor:	3.0
H-Bond Donor:	2.0	Rings:	5.0
Heavy Atoms:	3.0

MedChem Properties

QED Drug-Likeness Score:	0.528	GASA:	1.0 ? GASA represents the probability of being difficult to synthesize, ranging from 0 to 1.
Synthetic Accessibility Score:	4.862	Fsp³:	0.679
MCE-18:	89.362 ? MCE-18 stands for medicinal chemistry evolution.MCE-18≥45 is considered a suitable value.	Lipinski Rule-of-5:	Rejected
Pfizer Rule:	Rejected	GSK Rule:	Accepted
Golden Triangle Rule:	Rejected	BMS Rule:	0
Chelating Alert:	0	PAINS Alert:	0
Colloidal aggregators:	0.91	Fluc inhibitor:	0.439 ? The fluc inhibitor value is the probability of being fLuc inhibitors, within the range of 0 to 1.
Blue fluorescence:	0.633 ? The blue fluorescence value is the probability of being blue fluorescence, within the range of 0 to 1	Green fluorescence:	0.031 ? The green fluorescence value is the probability of being green fluorescence, within the range of 0 to 1
Reactive compounds:	0.485	Promiscuous compounds:	0.459

ADMET Properties (ADMETlab3.0)

ADMET: Absorption

Caco-2 Permeability:	-5.359	MDCK Permeability:	-4.936
Pgp-inhibitor:	0.907	Pgp-substrate:	0.095
PAMPA:	0.909 ? The experimental data for Peff was logarithmically transformed (logPeff). Molecules with log Peff values below 2.0 were classified as low-permeability (Category 0), while those with log Peff values exceeding 2.5 were classified as high-permeability (Category 1).	Human Intestinal Absorption (HIA):	0.003
20% Bioavailability (F20%):	0.979	30% Bioavailability (F30%):	0.927
50% Bioavailability (F50%):	0.999

ADMET: Distribution

Blood-Brain-Barrier Penetration (BBB):	0.981	MRP1:	0.993
Plasma Protein Binding (PPB):	87.605%	Volume Distribution (VD):	0.133
Fu:	13.348% ? The fraction unbound in plasms.	OATP1B1 inhibitor:	1.0
OATP1B3 inhibitor:	0.969	BCRP inhibitor:	0.881
BSEP inhibitor:	0.998

ADMET: Metabolism

CYP1A2-inhibitor:	0.996	CYP1A2-substrate:	0.724
CYP2C19-inhibitor:	0.951	CYP2C19-substrate:	0.662
CYP2C9-inhibitor:	0.021	CYP2C9-substrate:	0.003
CYP2D6-inhibitor:	0.024	CYP2D6-substrate:	0.463
CYP3A4-inhibitor:	0.3	CYP3A4-substrate:	0.982
CYP2B6-substrate:	0.0	CYP2C8-inhibitor:	0.989
HLM stability:	0.975 ? Human liver microsomal (HLM) stability. Category 0: stable+ (HLM > 30 min); Category 1: unstable- (HLM ≤ 30 min). The output value is the probability of human liver microsomal instability, where a value closer to 1 indicates a higher likelihood of instability.

ADMET: Excretion

Clearance (CL):

5.87

Half-life (T1/2):

0.527

ADMET: Toxicity

hERG Blockers:	0.138	hERG Blockers (10um):	0.145
Human Hepatotoxicity (H-HT):	0.797	Drug-induced Liver Injury (DILI):	0.935
AMES Toxicity:	0.737	Rat Oral Acute Toxicity:	0.709
Maximum Recommended Daily Dose:	0.769	Skin Sensitization:	0.995
Carcinogencity:	0.694	Eye Corrosion:	0.0
Eye Irritation:	0.417	Respiratory Toxicity:	0.959
Drug-induced Neurotoxicity:	0.811	Ototoxicity:	0.849
Hematotoxicity:	0.747	Drug-induced Nephrotoxicity:	0.977
Genotoxicity:	0.933	RPMI-8226 Immunitoxicity:	0.268
A549 Cytotoxicity:	0.796	Hek293 Cytotoxicity:	0.522
BCF:	1.499 ? Bioconcentration factors are used for considering secondary poisoning potential and assessing risks to human health via the food chain. The unit is -log10[(mg/L)/(1000*MW)].	IGC50:	4.154 ? 48 hour Tetrahymena pyriformis IGC50. The unit of IGC50 is -log10[(mg/L)/(1000*MW)].
LC50DM:	5.786 ? 48 hour Daphnia magna LC50. The unit of LC50DM is -log10[(mg/L)/(1000*MW)].	LC50FM:	5.061 ? 96 hour fathead minnow LC50. The unit of LC50FM is -log10[(mg/L)/(1000*MW)].

Species Source

Organism ID	Organism Name	Taxonomy Level	Family	SuperKingdom	Isolation Part	Collection Location	Collection Time	Reference
NPO26085	Salacia kraussii	Species	Celastraceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	PMID[9644053]
NPO26085	Salacia kraussii	Species	Celastraceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[COCONUT]
NPO26085	Salacia kraussii	Species	Celastraceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[UNPD]

Note for Reference:
In addition to directly collecting NP source organism data from primary literature (where reference will provided as NCBI PMID or DOI links), NPASS also integrated them from below databases:
☉ UNPD: Universal Natural Products Database [PMID: 23638153].
☉ StreptomeDB: a database of streptomycetes natural products [PMID: 33051671].
☉ TM-MC: a database of medicinal materials and chemical compounds in Northeast Asian traditional medicine [PMID: 26156871].
☉ TCM@Taiwan: a Traditional Chinese Medicine database [PMID: 21253603].
☉ TCMID: a Traditional Chinese Medicine database [PMID: 29106634].
☉ TCMSP: The traditional Chinese medicine systems pharmacology database and analysis platform [PMID: 24735618].
☉ HerDing: a herb recommendation system to treat diseases using genes and chemicals [PMID: 26980517].
☉ MetaboLights: a metabolomics database [PMID: 27010336].
☉ FooDB: a database of constituents, chemistry and biology of food species [www.foodb.ca].

NP Quantity Composition/Concentration

Organism ID	Organism Name	Organism Material Preparation	Organism Part	NP Quantity (Standard)	NP Quantity (Minimum)	NP Quantity (Maximum)	Quantity Unit	Reference

Note for Reference:
In addition to directly collecting NP quantitative data from primary literature (where reference will provided as NCBI PMID or DOI links), NPASS also integrated NP quantitative records for specific NP domains (e.g., NPS from foods or herbs) from domain-specific databases. These databases include:
☉ DUKE: Dr. Duke's Phytochemical and Ethnobotanical Databases.
☉ PHENOL EXPLORER: is the first comprehensive database on polyphenol content in foods [PMID: 24103452], its homepage can be accessed at here.
☉ FooDB: a database of constituents, chemistry and biology of food species [www.foodb.ca].

Biological Activity

Activity Type	# Activity
IC50	3

Activity Type	# Activity
Cell line	1
Organism	2

Molecular-level activity

Target ID	Target Type	Target Name	Target Organism	Activity Type	Activity Relation	Value	Unit	Reference

In vitro activity

Target ID	Target Type	Target Name	Target Organism	Activity Type	Activity Relation	Value	Unit	Reference
NPT139	Cell line	HT-29	Homo sapiens	IC50	=	2.43	ug.mL-1	PMID[25946116]
NPT6	Organism	Plasmodium falciparum	Plasmodium falciparum	IC50	=	0.0541	ug.mL-1	PMID[19921834]
NPT485	Organism	Plasmodium falciparum (isolate K1 / Thailand)	Plasmodium falciparum K1	IC50	=	0.0229	ug.mL-1	Open TG-GATES in vivo data: Biochemistry

In vivo activity

Target ID	Target Type	Target Name	Target Organism	Activity Type	Activity Relation	Value	Unit	Reference

Experimental ADME

Experiment Model	Experiment Tissue	ADME Type	ADME Relation	ADME Value	ADME Unit	Reference

Experimental Toxicity

Quantitative toxicity

Experiment Model	Experiment Organism	Toxicity Type	Toxicity Relation	Toxicity Value	Toxicity Unit	Reference

Common Abbreviations:
LC: Lethal Concentration; LD: Lethal Dose; LT:Lethal Time; NOAEL: No-observed-adverse-effect Level; BMDL: Benchmark Dose Lower Confidence Limit; BMD: Benchmark Dose; BMC:Benchmark Concentration; LOAEL: Lowest Observed Adverse Effect Level; RfD:Reference Dose; RfC:Reference Concentration; MRL: Minimal Risk Level; MEG: Maximum Exposure Guideline; PAC: Protective Action Criteria

Categorical toxicity labels

Hepatotoxicity	Carcinogenicity	Mutagenicity	Cardiotoxicity	Respiratory Toxicity	Eye Irritation	Endocrine Disruption

Note for Reference:
In addition to directly collecting NP quantitative data from primary literature (where reference will provided as NCBI PMID or DOI links), NPASS also integrated NP toxicity records from domain-specific databases. These databases include:
☉ ToxValDB: a curated database that compiles quantitative toxicity values for chemicals from diverse public sources to support toxicological research and risk assessment.
☉ TOXRIC: a comprehensive, free-to-access, online database providing toxicological/feature data. The toxicity labels are retrieved from this database. [PMID: 36400569]

Chemically structural similarity

Similar Active Natural Products in NPASS

Top-200 similar NPs were calculated against the active-NP-set (includes approximately 50,000 NPs with experimentally-derived bioactivity available in NPASS)

Similarity is measured using the Tanimoto coefficient (Tc) , which compares the binary fingerprints of two molecules. Tc is calculated as the intersection divided by the union of '1' bits in the fingerprints, ranging from 0 to 1, with 1 indicating highest similarity.

● The left chart: Distribution of similarity level between NPC291999 and all remaining natural products in the NPASS database.
● The right table: Most similar natural products (Tc>=0.5 or Top200).

range	Tanimoto Coefficient
0-0.1	24089
0.1-0.2	23730
0.2-0.3	2007
0.3-0.4	14
0.4-0.5	4
0.5-0.6	3
0.6-0.7	9
0.7-0.8	0
0.8-0.85	0
0.85-0.9	0
0.9-0.95	0
0.95-1	1

Similarity Score	Similarity Level	Natural Product ID
1.0	High Similarity	NPC309309
0.7213	Intermediate Similarity	NPC287063
0.6935	Remote Similarity	NPC112680
0.6875	Remote Similarity	NPC174167
0.6667	Remote Similarity	NPC65615
0.6667	Remote Similarity	NPC68148
0.6667	Remote Similarity	NPC292589
0.6567	Remote Similarity	NPC777
0.6567	Remote Similarity	NPC112454
0.6308	Remote Similarity	NPC211230
0.6308	Remote Similarity	NPC53385
0.597	Remote Similarity	NPC33881
0.5714	Remote Similarity	NPC263780
0.527	Remote Similarity	NPC213366

Similar Clinical/Approved Drugs

Similarity level is defined by Tanimoto coefficient (Tc) between two molecules.

● The left chart: Distribution of similarity level between NPC291999 and all drugs/candidates.
● The right table: Most similar clinical/approved drugs (Tc>=0.5 or Top200).

range	Tanimoto Coefficient
0-0.1	7187
0.1-0.2	1916
0.2-0.3	46
0.3-0.4	0
0.4-0.5	0
0.5-0.6	0
0.6-0.7	1
0.7-0.8	0
0.8-0.85	0
0.85-0.9	0
0.9-0.95	0
0.95-1	0

Similarity Score	Similarity Level	Drug ID	Developmental Stage
0.6567	Remote Similarity	NPD7285	Clinical (unspecified phase)

Bioactivity similarity

Similar Natural Products in NPASS

Similarity level is defined by Bioactivity similarity was calculated based on bioactivity descriptors of compounds. The bioactivity descriptors were calculated by a recently developed AI algorithm Chemical Checker (CC) [Nature Biotechnology, 38:1087–1096, 2020; Nature Communications, 12:3932, 2021], which evaluated bioactivity similarities at five levels:
☉ A: chemistry similarity;
☉ B: biological targets similarity;
☉ C: networks similarity;
☉ D: cell-based bioactivity similarity;
☉ E: similarity based on clinical data.
Those 5 categories of CC bioactivity descriptors were calculated and then subjected to manifold projection using UMAP algorithm, to project all NPs on a 2-Dimensional space. The current NP was highlighted with a small circle in the 2-D map. Below figures: left-to-right, A-to-E.

A: chemistry similarity

B: biological targets similarity

C: networks similarity

D: cell-based bioactivity similarity

E: similarity based on clinical data