NPASS Compound

Natural Product: NPC248775

Natural Product ID	NPC248775
Common Name ? The InCHIKey will be temporarily assigned as the "Common Name" if no IUPAC name or alternative short name is available.	Cryptocaryol E
IUPAC Name	(2S,3S)-3-hydroxy-2-[(2S,4S,6S,8R)-2,4,6,8-tetrahydroxytricosyl]-2,3-dihydropyran-6-one
Synonyms	Cryptocaryol E
Synthetic Gene Cluster	n.a.
ChEMBL Identifier	CHEMBL1784376
PubChem CID	54585961
Chemical Classification	CHEMONTID:0000000 [Organic compounds] [CHEMONTID:0000012] Lipids and lipid-like molecules [CHEMONTID:0003909] Fatty Acyls [CHEMONTID:0001334] Fatty alcohols

The Chemical Classification was calculated by Classyfire, a software for chemical taxonomy calculation. Reference: DOI:10.1186/s13321-016-0174-y.

Chemical Representations

RDKit 3D 87 87 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0999 V2000 9.1593 -3.8925 -0.8198 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 8.0544 -2.9044 -1.2132 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 8.7165 -1.8140 -1.9980 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 7.7830 -0.7455 -2.4718 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 7.1335 -0.1117 -1.2522 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 6.1729 0.9820 -1.6494 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 5.5737 1.5832 -0.4002 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4.8141 0.6255 0.4469 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4.2256 1.2167 1.6956 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3.2699 2.3076 1.3501 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2.6287 2.9181 2.5750 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1.8811 2.0524 3.4709 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.6928 1.2942 3.1003 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.7045 0.2681 2.0708 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -0.6050 -0.4559 1.8995 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -1.7189 0.4560 1.5147 C 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -1.4695 1.2045 0.2363 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -2.6448 2.0958 -0.0658 C 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -3.9474 1.3132 -0.2272 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -3.7570 0.3645 -1.3518 C 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -4.8885 -0.5264 -1.6995 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -6.1650 0.1285 -2.1107 C 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -7.2183 -0.8841 -2.4549 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -7.5236 -1.7958 -1.3210 C 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -8.5452 -2.7418 -1.7170 O 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -8.8476 -3.7348 -0.8062 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -9.2482 -4.8619 -1.1869 O 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -8.6762 -3.3977 0.6084 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -8.2597 -2.2122 0.9608 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -7.9513 -1.1793 -0.0453 C 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -9.1174 -0.4104 -0.2648 O 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -6.5571 1.0393 -1.1412 O 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -3.3325 0.9917 -2.5256 O 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -2.7635 3.0006 0.9893 O 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -2.1735 1.3249 2.4800 O 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 9.6039 -3.6262 0.1597 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 9.9663 -3.9143 -1.5608 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 8.6984 -4.9080 -0.6862 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 7.3230 -3.4326 -1.8654 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 7.5945 -2.5791 -0.2769 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 9.1611 -2.2959 -2.9091 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 9.5371 -1.3499 -1.4315 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 8.3809 0.0435 -2.9551 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 6.9940 -1.1141 -3.1376 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 7.9126 0.3405 -0.6069 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 6.5345 -0.8953 -0.7228 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 5.3649 0.5965 -2.3079 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 6.6897 1.8109 -2.1813 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4.8562 2.4117 -0.6764 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 6.4274 1.9934 0.1888 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 5.4578 -0.2325 0.8084 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3.9905 0.1097 -0.1037 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3.6701 0.3834 2.2006 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 5.0816 1.5602 2.3157 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3.9064 3.1526 0.8702 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2.6188 2.0186 0.5472 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2.1204 3.8853 2.3167 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3.5260 3.2973 3.1723 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2.6527 1.3638 3.9761 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1.5867 2.6943 4.3761 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -0.1498 2.0288 2.8484 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.2863 0.8229 4.0480 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1.4522 -0.5502 2.3264 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.9699 0.5963 1.0431 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -0.8522 -1.0736 2.7972 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -0.5244 -1.2284 1.0726 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -2.6239 -0.2490 1.3400 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -1.1384 0.5807 -0.6002 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -0.6091 1.9042 0.4430 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -2.4729 2.6166 -1.0307 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -4.7175 2.0990 -0.3835 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -4.2420 0.7753 0.6805 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -2.9021 -0.3144 -1.0477 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -4.5245 -1.1974 -2.5328 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -5.0345 -1.2389 -0.8421 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -6.0075 0.7059 -3.0861 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -6.8784 -1.5088 -3.3126 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -8.1602 -0.4065 -2.8104 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -6.6096 -2.4251 -1.1569 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -8.9072 -4.1684 1.3649 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -8.1327 -1.9648 2.0039 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -7.2190 -0.4387 0.3636 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -9.2101 0.2034 0.5077 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -7.0775 1.7921 -1.4759 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -4.0793 1.5118 -2.9086 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -3.4567 3.6825 0.7830 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -2.2346 0.9546 3.3787 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 2 1 0 2 3 1 0 3 4 1 0 4 5 1 0 5 6 1 0 6 7 1 0 7 8 1 0 8 9 1 0 9 10 1 0 10 11 1 0 11 12 1 0 12 13 1 0 13 14 1 0 14 15 1 0 15 16 1 0 16 17 1 0 17 18 1 0 18 19 1 0 19 20 1 0 20 21 1 0 21 22 1 0 22 23 1 0 23 24 1 0 24 25 1 0 25 26 1 0 26 27 2 0 26 28 1 0 28 29 2 0 29 30 1 0 30 31 1 0 22 32 1 0 20 33 1 0 18 34 1 0 16 35 1 0 30 24 1 0 1 36 1 0 1 37 1 0 1 38 1 0 2 39 1 0 2 40 1 0 3 41 1 0 3 42 1 0 4 43 1 0 4 44 1 0 5 45 1 0 5 46 1 0 6 47 1 0 6 48 1 0 7 49 1 0 7 50 1 0 8 51 1 0 8 52 1 0 9 53 1 0 9 54 1 0 10 55 1 0 10 56 1 0 11 57 1 0 11 58 1 0 12 59 1 0 12 60 1 0 13 61 1 0 13 62 1 0 14 63 1 0 14 64 1 0 15 65 1 0 15 66 1 0 16 67 1 6 17 68 1 0 17 69 1 0 18 70 1 6 19 71 1 0 19 72 1 0 20 73 1 1 21 74 1 0 21 75 1 0 22 76 1 6 23 77 1 0 23 78 1 0 24 79 1 1 28 80 1 0 29 81 1 0 30 82 1 1 31 83 1 0 32 84 1 0 33 85 1 0 34 86 1 0 35 87 1 0 M END

Standard InCHIKey	CVJWXRNBYKUGQI-AIFRIFMOSA-N
Standard InCHI	InChI=1S/C28H52O7/c1-2-3-4-5-6-7-8-9-10-11-12-13-14-15-22(29)18-23(30)19-24(31)20-25(32)21-27-26(33)16-17-28(34)35-27/h16-17,22-27,29-33H,2-15,18-21H2,1H3/t22-,23+,24+,25+,26+,27+/m1/s1
SMILES	CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC[C@H](C[C@@H](C[C@@H](C[C@@H](C[C@@H]1OC(=O)C=C[C@@H]1O)O)O)O)O

Calculated Properties

Physi-Chem Properties

Molecular Weight:	500.37	Volume:	540.546 ? Van der Waals volume.
Dense:	0.926	LogP:	4.54 ? The logarithm of the n-octanol/water distribution coefficients.
logD7.4:	3.278 ? The logarithm of the n-octanol/water distribution coefficient at pH=7.4.	LogS:	-4.69 ? The logarithm of aqueous solubility value.
Rotatable Bonds:	22.0	Rigid Bonds:	7.0
TPSA:	127.45 ? Topological Polar Surface Area.	H-Bond Acceptor:	7.0
H-Bond Donor:	5.0	Rings:	1.0
Heavy Atoms:	7.0

MedChem Properties

QED Drug-Likeness Score:	0.111	GASA:	1.0 ? GASA represents the probability of being difficult to synthesize, ranging from 0 to 1.
Synthetic Accessibility Score:	4.286	Fsp³:	0.893
MCE-18:	20.755 ? MCE-18 stands for medicinal chemistry evolution.MCE-18≥45 is considered a suitable value.	Lipinski Rule-of-5:	Rejected
Pfizer Rule:	Rejected	GSK Rule:	Accepted
Golden Triangle Rule:	Accepted	BMS Rule:	1
Chelating Alert:	0	PAINS Alert:	0
Colloidal aggregators:	0.731	Fluc inhibitor:	0.023 ? The fluc inhibitor value is the probability of being fLuc inhibitors, within the range of 0 to 1.
Blue fluorescence:	0.009 ? The blue fluorescence value is the probability of being blue fluorescence, within the range of 0 to 1	Green fluorescence:	0.001 ? The green fluorescence value is the probability of being green fluorescence, within the range of 0 to 1
Reactive compounds:	0.59	Promiscuous compounds:	0.461

ADMET Properties (ADMETlab3.0)

ADMET: Absorption

Caco-2 Permeability:	-5.358	MDCK Permeability:	-4.871
Pgp-inhibitor:	0.0	Pgp-substrate:	0.948
PAMPA:	0.535 ? The experimental data for Peff was logarithmically transformed (logPeff). Molecules with log Peff values below 2.0 were classified as low-permeability (Category 0), while those with log Peff values exceeding 2.5 were classified as high-permeability (Category 1).	Human Intestinal Absorption (HIA):	0.583
20% Bioavailability (F20%):	0.974	30% Bioavailability (F30%):	0.999
50% Bioavailability (F50%):	0.999

ADMET: Distribution

Blood-Brain-Barrier Penetration (BBB):	0.006	MRP1:	0.265
Plasma Protein Binding (PPB):	97.638%	Volume Distribution (VD):	0.622
Fu:	3.141% ? The fraction unbound in plasms.	OATP1B1 inhibitor:	0.193
OATP1B3 inhibitor:	1.0	BCRP inhibitor:	0.731
BSEP inhibitor:	0.173

ADMET: Metabolism

CYP1A2-inhibitor:	0.001	CYP1A2-substrate:	0.282
CYP2C19-inhibitor:	0.176	CYP2C19-substrate:	0.0
CYP2C9-inhibitor:	0.891	CYP2C9-substrate:	0.999
CYP2D6-inhibitor:	0.024	CYP2D6-substrate:	0.0
CYP3A4-inhibitor:	0.0	CYP3A4-substrate:	1.0
CYP2B6-substrate:	0.0	CYP2C8-inhibitor:	0.982
HLM stability:	0.029 ? Human liver microsomal (HLM) stability. Category 0: stable+ (HLM > 30 min); Category 1: unstable- (HLM ≤ 30 min). The output value is the probability of human liver microsomal instability, where a value closer to 1 indicates a higher likelihood of instability.

ADMET: Excretion

Clearance (CL):

7.13

Half-life (T1/2):

1.224

ADMET: Toxicity

hERG Blockers:	0.461	hERG Blockers (10um):	0.703
Human Hepatotoxicity (H-HT):	0.68	Drug-induced Liver Injury (DILI):	0.062
AMES Toxicity:	0.242	Rat Oral Acute Toxicity:	0.512
Maximum Recommended Daily Dose:	0.996	Skin Sensitization:	1.0
Carcinogencity:	0.842	Eye Corrosion:	0.238
Eye Irritation:	0.701	Respiratory Toxicity:	0.999
Drug-induced Neurotoxicity:	0.825	Ototoxicity:	0.736
Hematotoxicity:	0.549	Drug-induced Nephrotoxicity:	1.0
Genotoxicity:	0.0	RPMI-8226 Immunitoxicity:	0.126
A549 Cytotoxicity:	1.0	Hek293 Cytotoxicity:	0.889
BCF:	1.44 ? Bioconcentration factors are used for considering secondary poisoning potential and assessing risks to human health via the food chain. The unit is -log10[(mg/L)/(1000*MW)].	IGC50:	5.171 ? 48 hour Tetrahymena pyriformis IGC50. The unit of IGC50 is -log10[(mg/L)/(1000*MW)].
LC50DM:	6.347 ? 48 hour Daphnia magna LC50. The unit of LC50DM is -log10[(mg/L)/(1000*MW)].	LC50FM:	4.773 ? 96 hour fathead minnow LC50. The unit of LC50FM is -log10[(mg/L)/(1000*MW)].

Species Source

Organism ID	Organism Name	Taxonomy Level	Family	SuperKingdom	Isolation Part	Collection Location	Collection Time	Reference
NPO33207	cryptocarya sp.	Species	Lauraceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	PMID[21539301]
NPO29906	Cryptocarya	Genus	Lauraceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	PMID[21539301]
NPO29906	Cryptocarya	Genus	Lauraceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[COCONUT]
NPO33207	cryptocarya sp.	Species	Lauraceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[COCONUT]

Note for Reference:
In addition to directly collecting NP source organism data from primary literature (where reference will provided as NCBI PMID or DOI links), NPASS also integrated them from below databases:
☉ UNPD: Universal Natural Products Database [PMID: 23638153].
☉ StreptomeDB: a database of streptomycetes natural products [PMID: 33051671].
☉ TM-MC: a database of medicinal materials and chemical compounds in Northeast Asian traditional medicine [PMID: 26156871].
☉ TCM@Taiwan: a Traditional Chinese Medicine database [PMID: 21253603].
☉ TCMID: a Traditional Chinese Medicine database [PMID: 29106634].
☉ TCMSP: The traditional Chinese medicine systems pharmacology database and analysis platform [PMID: 24735618].
☉ HerDing: a herb recommendation system to treat diseases using genes and chemicals [PMID: 26980517].
☉ MetaboLights: a metabolomics database [PMID: 27010336].
☉ FooDB: a database of constituents, chemistry and biology of food species [www.foodb.ca].

NP Quantity Composition/Concentration

Organism ID	Organism Name	Organism Material Preparation	Organism Part	NP Quantity (Standard)	NP Quantity (Minimum)	NP Quantity (Maximum)	Quantity Unit	Reference

Note for Reference:
In addition to directly collecting NP quantitative data from primary literature (where reference will provided as NCBI PMID or DOI links), NPASS also integrated NP quantitative records for specific NP domains (e.g., NPS from foods or herbs) from domain-specific databases. These databases include:
☉ DUKE: Dr. Duke's Phytochemical and Ethnobotanical Databases.
☉ PHENOL EXPLORER: is the first comprehensive database on polyphenol content in foods [PMID: 24103452], its homepage can be accessed at here.
☉ FooDB: a database of constituents, chemistry and biology of food species [www.foodb.ca].

Biological Activity

Activity Type	# Activity
EC50	1

Activity Type	# Activity
Individual protein	1

Molecular-level activity

Target ID	Target Type	Target Name	Target Organism	Activity Type	Activity Relation	Value	Unit	Reference
NPT4409	Individual protein	Programmed cell death protein 4	Homo sapiens	EC50	=	1800.0	nM	PMID[21539301]

In vitro activity

Target ID	Target Type	Target Name	Target Organism	Activity Type	Activity Relation	Value	Unit	Reference

In vivo activity

Target ID	Target Type	Target Name	Target Organism	Activity Type	Activity Relation	Value	Unit	Reference

Experimental ADME

Experiment Model	Experiment Tissue	ADME Type	ADME Relation	ADME Value	ADME Unit	Reference

Experimental Toxicity

Quantitative toxicity

Experiment Model	Experiment Organism	Toxicity Type	Toxicity Relation	Toxicity Value	Toxicity Unit	Reference

Common Abbreviations:
LC: Lethal Concentration; LD: Lethal Dose; LT:Lethal Time; NOAEL: No-observed-adverse-effect Level; BMDL: Benchmark Dose Lower Confidence Limit; BMD: Benchmark Dose; BMC:Benchmark Concentration; LOAEL: Lowest Observed Adverse Effect Level; RfD:Reference Dose; RfC:Reference Concentration; MRL: Minimal Risk Level; MEG: Maximum Exposure Guideline; PAC: Protective Action Criteria

Categorical toxicity labels

Hepatotoxicity	Carcinogenicity	Mutagenicity	Cardiotoxicity	Respiratory Toxicity	Eye Irritation	Endocrine Disruption

Note for Reference:
In addition to directly collecting NP quantitative data from primary literature (where reference will provided as NCBI PMID or DOI links), NPASS also integrated NP toxicity records from domain-specific databases. These databases include:
☉ ToxValDB: a curated database that compiles quantitative toxicity values for chemicals from diverse public sources to support toxicological research and risk assessment.
☉ TOXRIC: a comprehensive, free-to-access, online database providing toxicological/feature data. The toxicity labels are retrieved from this database. [PMID: 36400569]

Chemically structural similarity

Similar Active Natural Products in NPASS

Top-200 similar NPs were calculated against the active-NP-set (includes approximately 50,000 NPs with experimentally-derived bioactivity available in NPASS)

Similarity is measured using the Tanimoto coefficient (Tc) , which compares the binary fingerprints of two molecules. Tc is calculated as the intersection divided by the union of '1' bits in the fingerprints, ranging from 0 to 1, with 1 indicating highest similarity.

● The left chart: Distribution of similarity level between NPC248775 and all remaining natural products in the NPASS database.
● The right table: Most similar natural products (Tc>=0.5 or Top200).

range	Tanimoto Coefficient
0-0.1	17385
0.1-0.2	29348
0.2-0.3	2689
0.3-0.4	286
0.4-0.5	132
0.5-0.6	10
0.6-0.7	3
0.7-0.8	0
0.8-0.85	0
0.85-0.9	3
0.9-0.95	0
0.95-1	1

Similarity Score	Similarity Level	Natural Product ID
1.0	High Similarity	NPC180725
0.8837	High Similarity	NPC470147
0.8837	High Similarity	NPC470149
0.8837	High Similarity	NPC470148
0.7556	Intermediate Similarity	NPC133226
0.6667	Remote Similarity	NPC327383
0.6667	Remote Similarity	NPC185186
0.6444	Remote Similarity	NPC481552
0.5652	Remote Similarity	NPC481551
0.52	Remote Similarity	NPC481554
0.52	Remote Similarity	NPC285840
0.52	Remote Similarity	NPC327041
0.52	Remote Similarity	NPC481553
0.5179	Remote Similarity	NPC481544
0.5106	Remote Similarity	NPC484459
0.5102	Remote Similarity	NPC484586
0.5102	Remote Similarity	NPC609922
0.5094	Remote Similarity	NPC481555

Similar Clinical/Approved Drugs

Similarity level is defined by Tanimoto coefficient (Tc) between two molecules.

● The left chart: Distribution of similarity level between NPC248775 and all drugs/candidates.
● The right table: Most similar clinical/approved drugs (Tc>=0.5 or Top200).

range	Tanimoto Coefficient
0-0.1	6340
0.1-0.2	2725
0.2-0.3	82
0.3-0.4	3
0.4-0.5	0
0.5-0.6	0
0.6-0.7	0
0.7-0.8	0
0.8-0.85	0
0.85-0.9	0
0.9-0.95	0
0.95-1	0

Similarity Score	Similarity Level	Drug ID	Developmental Stage
		NPD

Bioactivity similarity

Similar Natural Products in NPASS

Similarity level is defined by Bioactivity similarity was calculated based on bioactivity descriptors of compounds. The bioactivity descriptors were calculated by a recently developed AI algorithm Chemical Checker (CC) [Nature Biotechnology, 38:1087–1096, 2020; Nature Communications, 12:3932, 2021], which evaluated bioactivity similarities at five levels:
☉ A: chemistry similarity;
☉ B: biological targets similarity;
☉ C: networks similarity;
☉ D: cell-based bioactivity similarity;
☉ E: similarity based on clinical data.
Those 5 categories of CC bioactivity descriptors were calculated and then subjected to manifold projection using UMAP algorithm, to project all NPs on a 2-Dimensional space. The current NP was highlighted with a small circle in the 2-D map. Below figures: left-to-right, A-to-E.

A: chemistry similarity

B: biological targets similarity

C: networks similarity

D: cell-based bioactivity similarity

E: similarity based on clinical data