NPASS Compound

Natural Product: NPC233575

Natural Product ID	NPC233575
Common Name ? The InCHIKey will be temporarily assigned as the "Common Name" if no IUPAC name or alternative short name is available.	BHTRKEVKTKCXOH-VSHSPWMTSA-N
IUPAC Name	n.a.
Synonyms
Synthetic Gene Cluster	n.a.
ChEMBL Identifier	n.a.
PubChem CID	12443252
Chemical Classification	CHEMONTID:0000000 [Organic compounds] [CHEMONTID:0000012] Lipids and lipid-like molecules [CHEMONTID:0000258] Steroids and steroid derivatives [CHEMONTID:0001445] Bile acids, alcohols and derivatives [CHEMONTID:0001159] Taurinated bile acids and derivatives

The Chemical Classification was calculated by Classyfire, a software for chemical taxonomy calculation. Reference: DOI:10.1186/s13321-016-0174-y.

Chemical Representations

RDKit 3D 79 82 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0999 V2000 2.3321 -1.8970 0.8641 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2.2542 -0.4368 1.1345 C 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2.9885 -0.1231 2.4181 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4.4359 -0.4754 2.4138 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 5.1108 0.2589 1.3416 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 5.7140 -0.3662 0.4018 N 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 6.4066 0.2344 -0.6962 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 7.7298 -0.4826 -0.8597 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 8.6404 0.2224 -2.2155 S 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 7.8967 0.0753 -3.5080 O 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 8.9261 1.6439 -1.8773 O 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 10.0985 -0.6294 -2.3315 O 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 5.1027 1.6400 1.3346 O 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.8565 0.0777 1.3004 C 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.9216 1.5680 1.5630 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -0.2707 2.1828 0.8099 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -1.0962 0.9918 0.5639 C 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -2.2150 1.0861 -0.3860 C 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -2.8570 -0.3071 -0.3594 C 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -1.8943 -1.2315 -1.0056 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -0.6499 -1.3257 -0.1341 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -0.0163 -0.0019 0.1035 C 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.7421 0.5168 -1.0886 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -4.2493 -0.3246 -0.8772 C 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -4.2329 0.2000 -2.3181 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -4.6808 -1.7668 -0.9789 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -6.1588 -1.9360 -0.6796 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -6.2402 -1.5921 0.8133 C 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -6.0293 -0.1261 0.9317 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -5.1075 0.5248 -0.0153 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -4.2895 1.5450 0.7955 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -3.1781 2.1468 0.0112 C 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -3.6158 2.8973 -1.0791 O 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -5.2519 -2.3366 1.4711 O 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3.2441 -2.3231 1.3175 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1.4788 -2.4734 1.2994 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2.4140 -2.1353 -0.2318 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2.8135 0.0830 0.3279 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2.4175 -0.6076 3.2393 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2.8961 0.9646 2.5972 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4.8513 -0.0421 3.3807 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4.6796 -1.5381 2.4659 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 5.8217 0.0628 -1.6177 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 6.6244 1.2949 -0.5647 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 7.4951 -1.5600 -1.0358 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 8.3406 -0.3477 0.0553 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 10.3771 -0.9821 -1.4287 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 5.1052 2.1727 0.4743 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.3944 -0.4740 2.1419 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1.8704 2.0176 1.2055 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.7341 1.7257 2.6425 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.0860 2.5855 -0.1680 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -0.7247 2.9690 1.4391 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -1.4642 0.5597 1.5394 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -1.8200 1.3377 -1.3868 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -2.9119 -0.5965 0.7323 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -2.2626 -2.2545 -1.1611 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -1.6094 -0.8155 -1.9944 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.0774 -1.9472 -0.7348 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -0.8465 -1.8787 0.7885 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.1416 1.0348 -1.8323 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1.2449 -0.3286 -1.5922 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1.5474 1.2405 -0.7752 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -4.4909 -0.5704 -3.0593 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -3.2830 0.6365 -2.6082 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -5.0608 0.9648 -2.3937 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -4.1392 -2.4159 -0.2600 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -4.5166 -2.1835 -1.9980 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -6.3866 -3.0049 -0.7631 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -6.8005 -1.2732 -1.2598 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -7.2029 -1.8715 1.2422 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -7.0595 0.3466 0.8954 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -5.7338 0.0515 2.0129 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -5.7238 1.1820 -0.7017 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -3.8802 1.0709 1.6938 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -4.9968 2.3644 1.0736 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -2.6553 2.8580 0.6828 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -4.4735 3.3431 -0.8510 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -4.7350 -1.6958 2.0176 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 2 1 0 2 3 1 0 3 4 1 0 4 5 1 0 5 6 2 3 6 7 1 0 7 8 1 0 8 9 1 0 9 10 2 0 9 11 2 0 9 12 1 0 5 13 1 0 2 14 1 0 14 15 1 0 15 16 1 0 16 17 1 0 17 18 1 0 18 19 1 0 19 20 1 0 20 21 1 0 21 22 1 0 22 23 1 6 19 24 1 0 24 25 1 6 24 26 1 0 26 27 1 0 27 28 1 0 28 29 1 0 29 30 1 0 30 31 1 0 31 32 1 0 32 33 1 0 28 34 1 0 22 14 1 0 30 24 1 0 22 17 1 0 32 18 1 0 1 35 1 0 1 36 1 0 1 37 1 0 2 38 1 6 3 39 1 0 3 40 1 0 4 41 1 0 4 42 1 0 7 43 1 0 7 44 1 0 8 45 1 0 8 46 1 0 12 47 1 0 13 48 1 0 14 49 1 1 15 50 1 0 15 51 1 0 16 52 1 0 16 53 1 0 17 54 1 1 18 55 1 6 19 56 1 1 20 57 1 0 20 58 1 0 21 59 1 0 21 60 1 0 23 61 1 0 23 62 1 0 23 63 1 0 25 64 1 0 25 65 1 0 25 66 1 0 26 67 1 0 26 68 1 0 27 69 1 0 27 70 1 0 28 71 1 1 29 72 1 0 29 73 1 0 30 74 1 0 31 75 1 0 31 76 1 0 32 77 1 1 33 78 1 0 34 79 1 0 M END

Standard InCHIKey	BHTRKEVKTKCXOH-VSHSPWMTSA-N
Standard InCHI	InChI=1S/C26H45NO6S/c1-16(4-7-23(30)27-12-13-34(31,32)33)19-5-6-20-24-21(9-11-26(19,20)3)25(2)10-8-18(28)14-17(25)15-22(24)29/h16-22,24,28-29H,4-15H2,1-3H3,(H,27,30)(H,31,32,33)/t16-,17?,18-,19-,20+,21+,22+,24+,25+,26-/m1/s1
SMILES	C[C@H](CCC(=NCCS(=O)(=O)O)O)[C@H]1CC[C@H]2[C@H]3[C@H](CC[C@]12C)[C@@]1(C)CC[C@H](CC1C[C@@H]3O)O

Calculated Properties

Physi-Chem Properties

Molecular Weight:	499.3	Volume:	503.637 ? Van der Waals volume.
Dense:	0.991	LogP:	3.442 ? The logarithm of the n-octanol/water distribution coefficients.
logD7.4:	3.183 ? The logarithm of the n-octanol/water distribution coefficient at pH=7.4.	LogS:	-3.902 ? The logarithm of aqueous solubility value.
Rotatable Bonds:	7.0	Rigid Bonds:	23.0
TPSA:	127.42 ? Topological Polar Surface Area.	H-Bond Acceptor:	7.0
H-Bond Donor:	4.0	Rings:	4.0
Heavy Atoms:	8.0

MedChem Properties

QED Drug-Likeness Score:	0.236	GASA:	1.0 ? GASA represents the probability of being difficult to synthesize, ranging from 0 to 1.
Synthetic Accessibility Score:	4.848	Fsp³:	0.962
MCE-18:	80.0 ? MCE-18 stands for medicinal chemistry evolution.MCE-18≥45 is considered a suitable value.	Lipinski Rule-of-5:	Rejected
Pfizer Rule:	Rejected	GSK Rule:	Accepted
Golden Triangle Rule:	Rejected	BMS Rule:	0
Chelating Alert:	0	PAINS Alert:	0
Colloidal aggregators:	0.543	Fluc inhibitor:	0.0 ? The fluc inhibitor value is the probability of being fLuc inhibitors, within the range of 0 to 1.
Blue fluorescence:	0.01 ? The blue fluorescence value is the probability of being blue fluorescence, within the range of 0 to 1	Green fluorescence:	0.0 ? The green fluorescence value is the probability of being green fluorescence, within the range of 0 to 1
Reactive compounds:	0.016	Promiscuous compounds:	0.228

ADMET Properties (ADMETlab3.0)

ADMET: Absorption

Caco-2 Permeability:	-5.436	MDCK Permeability:	-5.296
Pgp-inhibitor:	0.018	Pgp-substrate:	0.106
PAMPA:	0.752 ? The experimental data for Peff was logarithmically transformed (logPeff). Molecules with log Peff values below 2.0 were classified as low-permeability (Category 0), while those with log Peff values exceeding 2.5 were classified as high-permeability (Category 1).	Human Intestinal Absorption (HIA):	0.091
20% Bioavailability (F20%):	0.74	30% Bioavailability (F30%):	0.895
50% Bioavailability (F50%):	0.994

ADMET: Distribution

Blood-Brain-Barrier Penetration (BBB):	0.088	MRP1:	0.489
Plasma Protein Binding (PPB):	61.307%	Volume Distribution (VD):	-0.494
Fu:	36.327% ? The fraction unbound in plasms.	OATP1B1 inhibitor:	1.0
OATP1B3 inhibitor:	1.0	BCRP inhibitor:	0.327
BSEP inhibitor:	0.921

ADMET: Metabolism

CYP1A2-inhibitor:	0.0	CYP1A2-substrate:	0.0
CYP2C19-inhibitor:	0.0	CYP2C19-substrate:	0.0
CYP2C9-inhibitor:	0.0	CYP2C9-substrate:	0.0
CYP2D6-inhibitor:	0.0	CYP2D6-substrate:	0.0
CYP3A4-inhibitor:	0.984	CYP3A4-substrate:	1.0
CYP2B6-substrate:	0.0	CYP2C8-inhibitor:	0.941
HLM stability:	0.0 ? Human liver microsomal (HLM) stability. Category 0: stable+ (HLM > 30 min); Category 1: unstable- (HLM ≤ 30 min). The output value is the probability of human liver microsomal instability, where a value closer to 1 indicates a higher likelihood of instability.

ADMET: Excretion

Clearance (CL):

12.136

Half-life (T1/2):

1.668

ADMET: Toxicity

hERG Blockers:	0.031	hERG Blockers (10um):	0.051
Human Hepatotoxicity (H-HT):	0.762	Drug-induced Liver Injury (DILI):	0.248
AMES Toxicity:	0.211	Rat Oral Acute Toxicity:	0.122
Maximum Recommended Daily Dose:	0.563	Skin Sensitization:	0.996
Carcinogencity:	0.693	Eye Corrosion:	0.002
Eye Irritation:	0.459	Respiratory Toxicity:	0.78
Drug-induced Neurotoxicity:	0.035	Ototoxicity:	0.874
Hematotoxicity:	0.423	Drug-induced Nephrotoxicity:	0.955
Genotoxicity:	0.157	RPMI-8226 Immunitoxicity:	0.008
A549 Cytotoxicity:	0.04	Hek293 Cytotoxicity:	0.152
BCF:	0.543 ? Bioconcentration factors are used for considering secondary poisoning potential and assessing risks to human health via the food chain. The unit is -log10[(mg/L)/(1000*MW)].	IGC50:	3.257 ? 48 hour Tetrahymena pyriformis IGC50. The unit of IGC50 is -log10[(mg/L)/(1000*MW)].
LC50DM:	4.786 ? 48 hour Daphnia magna LC50. The unit of LC50DM is -log10[(mg/L)/(1000*MW)].	LC50FM:	4.154 ? 96 hour fathead minnow LC50. The unit of LC50FM is -log10[(mg/L)/(1000*MW)].

Species Source

Organism ID	Organism Name	Taxonomy Level	Family	SuperKingdom	Isolation Part	Collection Location	Collection Time	Reference
NPO19657	Ursus arctos	Species	Ursidae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[COCONUT]
NPO29662	Ursus thibetanus	Species	Ursidae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[COCONUT]
NPO29747	Selenarctos thibetanus,	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[HerDing]
NPO29662	Ursus thibetanus	Species	Ursidae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[TCMID]
NPO19657	Ursus arctos	Species	Ursidae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[TCMID]
NPO19657	Ursus arctos	Species	Ursidae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[TCM_Taiwan]
NPO19657	Ursus arctos	Species	Ursidae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[UNPD]

Note for Reference:
In addition to directly collecting NP source organism data from primary literature (where reference will provided as NCBI PMID or DOI links), NPASS also integrated them from below databases:
☉ UNPD: Universal Natural Products Database [PMID: 23638153].
☉ StreptomeDB: a database of streptomycetes natural products [PMID: 33051671].
☉ TM-MC: a database of medicinal materials and chemical compounds in Northeast Asian traditional medicine [PMID: 26156871].
☉ TCM@Taiwan: a Traditional Chinese Medicine database [PMID: 21253603].
☉ TCMID: a Traditional Chinese Medicine database [PMID: 29106634].
☉ TCMSP: The traditional Chinese medicine systems pharmacology database and analysis platform [PMID: 24735618].
☉ HerDing: a herb recommendation system to treat diseases using genes and chemicals [PMID: 26980517].
☉ MetaboLights: a metabolomics database [PMID: 27010336].
☉ FooDB: a database of constituents, chemistry and biology of food species [www.foodb.ca].

NP Quantity Composition/Concentration

Organism ID	Organism Name	Organism Material Preparation	Organism Part	NP Quantity (Standard)	NP Quantity (Minimum)	NP Quantity (Maximum)	Quantity Unit	Reference

Note for Reference:
In addition to directly collecting NP quantitative data from primary literature (where reference will provided as NCBI PMID or DOI links), NPASS also integrated NP quantitative records for specific NP domains (e.g., NPS from foods or herbs) from domain-specific databases. These databases include:
☉ DUKE: Dr. Duke's Phytochemical and Ethnobotanical Databases.
☉ PHENOL EXPLORER: is the first comprehensive database on polyphenol content in foods [PMID: 24103452], its homepage can be accessed at here.
☉ FooDB: a database of constituents, chemistry and biology of food species [www.foodb.ca].

Biological Activity

Molecular-level activity

Target ID	Target Type	Target Name	Target Organism	Activity Type	Activity Relation	Value	Unit	Reference

In vitro activity

Target ID	Target Type	Target Name	Target Organism	Activity Type	Activity Relation	Value	Unit	Reference

In vivo activity

Target ID	Target Type	Target Name	Target Organism	Activity Type	Activity Relation	Value	Unit	Reference

Experimental ADME

Experiment Model	Experiment Tissue	ADME Type	ADME Relation	ADME Value	ADME Unit	Reference

Experimental Toxicity

Quantitative toxicity

Experiment Model	Experiment Organism	Toxicity Type	Toxicity Relation	Toxicity Value	Toxicity Unit	Reference

Common Abbreviations:
LC: Lethal Concentration; LD: Lethal Dose; LT:Lethal Time; NOAEL: No-observed-adverse-effect Level; BMDL: Benchmark Dose Lower Confidence Limit; BMD: Benchmark Dose; BMC:Benchmark Concentration; LOAEL: Lowest Observed Adverse Effect Level; RfD:Reference Dose; RfC:Reference Concentration; MRL: Minimal Risk Level; MEG: Maximum Exposure Guideline; PAC: Protective Action Criteria

Categorical toxicity labels

Hepatotoxicity	Carcinogenicity	Mutagenicity	Cardiotoxicity	Respiratory Toxicity	Eye Irritation	Endocrine Disruption

Note for Reference:
In addition to directly collecting NP quantitative data from primary literature (where reference will provided as NCBI PMID or DOI links), NPASS also integrated NP toxicity records from domain-specific databases. These databases include:
☉ ToxValDB: a curated database that compiles quantitative toxicity values for chemicals from diverse public sources to support toxicological research and risk assessment.
☉ TOXRIC: a comprehensive, free-to-access, online database providing toxicological/feature data. The toxicity labels are retrieved from this database. [PMID: 36400569]

Chemically structural similarity

Similar Active Natural Products in NPASS

Top-200 similar NPs were calculated against the active-NP-set (includes approximately 50,000 NPs with experimentally-derived bioactivity available in NPASS)

Similarity is measured using the Tanimoto coefficient (Tc) , which compares the binary fingerprints of two molecules. Tc is calculated as the intersection divided by the union of '1' bits in the fingerprints, ranging from 0 to 1, with 1 indicating highest similarity.

● The left chart: Distribution of similarity level between NPC233575 and all remaining natural products in the NPASS database.
● The right table: Most similar natural products (Tc>=0.5 or Top200).

range	Tanimoto Coefficient
0-0.1	23189
0.1-0.2	24616
0.2-0.3	1898
0.3-0.4	118
0.4-0.5	22
0.5-0.6	7
0.6-0.7	3
0.7-0.8	3
0.8-0.85	1
0.85-0.9	0
0.9-0.95	0
0.95-1	2

Similarity Score	Similarity Level	Natural Product ID
1.0	High Similarity	NPC133995
1.0	High Similarity	NPC247891
0.8333	Intermediate Similarity	NPC320478
0.7969	Intermediate Similarity	NPC159390
0.7143	Intermediate Similarity	NPC270957
0.7143	Intermediate Similarity	NPC119633
0.6765	Remote Similarity	NPC283751
0.629	Remote Similarity	NPC171426
0.629	Remote Similarity	NPC34046
0.597	Remote Similarity	NPC323180
0.5942	Remote Similarity	NPC321340
0.5775	Remote Similarity	NPC171698
0.5775	Remote Similarity	NPC317363
0.5342	Remote Similarity	NPC27209
0.5303	Remote Similarity	NPC167702
0.5303	Remote Similarity	NPC280026

Similar Clinical/Approved Drugs

Similarity level is defined by Tanimoto coefficient (Tc) between two molecules.

● The left chart: Distribution of similarity level between NPC233575 and all drugs/candidates.
● The right table: Most similar clinical/approved drugs (Tc>=0.5 or Top200).

range	Tanimoto Coefficient
0-0.1	5738
0.1-0.2	3274
0.2-0.3	111
0.3-0.4	13
0.4-0.5	7
0.5-0.6	1
0.6-0.7	2
0.7-0.8	3
0.8-0.85	0
0.85-0.9	0
0.9-0.95	0
0.95-1	1

Similarity Score	Similarity Level	Drug ID	Developmental Stage
1.0	High Similarity	NPD6700	Phase 4
0.7969	Intermediate Similarity	NPD6701	Clinical (unspecified phase)
0.7206	Intermediate Similarity	NPD6702	Phase 2
0.7206	Intermediate Similarity	NPD6703	Approved
0.629	Remote Similarity	NPD6114	Phase 4
0.629	Remote Similarity	NPD6115	Phase 4
0.5303	Remote Similarity	NPD6113	Clinical (unspecified phase)

Bioactivity similarity

Similar Natural Products in NPASS

Similarity level is defined by Bioactivity similarity was calculated based on bioactivity descriptors of compounds. The bioactivity descriptors were calculated by a recently developed AI algorithm Chemical Checker (CC) [Nature Biotechnology, 38:1087–1096, 2020; Nature Communications, 12:3932, 2021], which evaluated bioactivity similarities at five levels:
☉ A: chemistry similarity;
☉ B: biological targets similarity;
☉ C: networks similarity;
☉ D: cell-based bioactivity similarity;
☉ E: similarity based on clinical data.
Those 5 categories of CC bioactivity descriptors were calculated and then subjected to manifold projection using UMAP algorithm, to project all NPs on a 2-Dimensional space. The current NP was highlighted with a small circle in the 2-D map. Below figures: left-to-right, A-to-E.

A: chemistry similarity

B: biological targets similarity

C: networks similarity

D: cell-based bioactivity similarity

E: similarity based on clinical data