NPASS Compound

Natural Product: NPC225630

Natural Product ID	NPC225630
Common Name ? The InCHIKey will be temporarily assigned as the "Common Name" if no IUPAC name or alternative short name is available.	WYMLQUXVTATHIE-AGLSRPHKSA-N
IUPAC Name	n.a.
Synonyms
Synthetic Gene Cluster	n.a.
ChEMBL Identifier	n.a.
PubChem CID	11304852
Chemical Classification	CHEMONTID:0000000 [Organic compounds] [CHEMONTID:0000012] Lipids and lipid-like molecules [CHEMONTID:0000259] Prenol lipids [CHEMONTID:0001283] Terpene lactones [CHEMONTID:0002119] Quassinoids

The Chemical Classification was calculated by Classyfire, a software for chemical taxonomy calculation. Reference: DOI:10.1186/s13321-016-0174-y.

Chemical Representations

RDKit 3D 56 60 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0999 V2000 -4.0633 -1.8708 -0.9682 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -3.3980 -0.5427 -0.8464 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -4.1130 0.5572 -0.6735 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -3.4221 1.8218 -0.5596 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -3.9329 2.8832 -0.9638 O 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -2.0562 1.8921 0.0554 C 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -1.4922 0.4978 0.2149 C 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -1.9889 -0.0937 1.4771 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -1.9229 -0.3979 -0.9239 C 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -1.3178 -1.7532 -0.8496 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.1442 -1.8027 -0.5865 C 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.7247 -0.6904 0.1846 C 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -0.0027 0.6163 0.0927 C 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.6074 1.6739 0.9475 C 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2.1045 1.6856 0.8095 C 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2.7128 0.3189 0.7307 C 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4.2044 0.5031 0.6887 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2.1595 -0.5163 -0.3486 C 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2.2232 -0.0271 -1.7386 C 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1.4180 -0.9818 -2.5409 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1.2857 -0.9179 -3.7792 O 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.7797 -2.0011 -1.8633 O 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3.5508 -0.1863 -2.1739 O 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2.7099 -1.7974 -0.2998 O 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2.3403 -0.4235 1.8710 O 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1.1185 -1.0200 1.6188 C 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1.1801 -2.4195 1.7729 O 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2.5623 2.4850 -0.2234 O 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.2477 1.6720 2.2697 O 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -2.2000 2.4952 1.3046 O 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -4.0277 -2.4633 -0.0547 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -5.1236 -1.6854 -1.2182 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -3.6019 -2.3666 -1.8545 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -5.1868 0.4957 -0.6217 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -1.4174 2.4564 -0.6232 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -3.0998 -0.0515 1.4586 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -1.7131 0.4414 2.4076 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -1.7679 -1.1957 1.5632 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -1.6885 0.1508 -1.8590 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -1.5645 -2.2693 -1.8265 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -1.8476 -2.3657 -0.0923 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.3740 -2.7537 -0.0295 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.1615 0.9662 -0.9762 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.2564 2.6647 0.5271 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2.5033 2.1550 1.7573 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4.4499 1.2583 1.4883 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4.7777 -0.3907 0.9203 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4.4616 0.9912 -0.2707 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1.9589 1.0062 -1.9263 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3.8617 -1.1081 -2.0216 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3.5583 -1.8473 0.1633 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.4172 -0.6565 2.3668 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2.1072 -2.7305 1.8862 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2.0977 3.3321 -0.3112 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1.0445 1.8331 2.8335 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -3.1551 2.4731 1.6145 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 2 1 0 2 3 2 0 3 4 1 0 4 5 2 0 4 6 1 0 6 7 1 0 7 8 1 1 7 9 1 0 9 10 1 0 10 11 1 0 11 12 1 0 12 13 1 0 13 14 1 0 14 15 1 0 15 16 1 0 16 17 1 6 16 18 1 0 18 19 1 0 19 20 1 0 20 21 2 0 20 22 1 0 19 23 1 0 18 24 1 6 16 25 1 0 25 26 1 0 26 27 1 0 15 28 1 0 14 29 1 0 6 30 1 0 9 2 1 0 22 11 1 0 13 7 1 0 26 12 1 0 12 18 1 6 1 31 1 0 1 32 1 0 1 33 1 0 3 34 1 0 6 35 1 6 8 36 1 0 8 37 1 0 8 38 1 0 9 39 1 6 10 40 1 0 10 41 1 0 11 42 1 1 13 43 1 6 14 44 1 6 15 45 1 1 17 46 1 0 17 47 1 0 17 48 1 0 19 49 1 1 23 50 1 0 24 51 1 0 26 52 1 1 27 53 1 0 28 54 1 0 29 55 1 0 30 56 1 0 M END

Standard InCHIKey	WYMLQUXVTATHIE-AGLSRPHKSA-N
Standard InCHI	InChI=1S/C20H26O10/c1-6-4-8(21)12(23)17(2)7(6)5-9-19-11(17)10(22)13(24)18(3,30-16(19)27)20(19,28)14(25)15(26)29-9/h4,7,9-14,16,22-25,27-28H,5H2,1-3H3/t7-,9+,10+,11+,12+,13-,14-,16-,17-,18+,19+,20+/m0/s1
SMILES	CC1=CC(=O)[C@H]([C@@]2(C)[C@H]1C[C@@H]1[C@@]34[C@@H]2[C@H]([C@@H]([C@](C)([C@@]4([C@H](C(=O)O1)O)O)O[C@@H]3O)O)O)O

Calculated Properties

Physi-Chem Properties

MedChem Properties

ADMET Properties (ADMETlab3.0)

ADMET: Absorption

ADMET: Distribution

ADMET: Metabolism

ADMET: Excretion

ADMET: Toxicity

Species Source

Organism ID	Organism Name	Taxonomy Level	Family	SuperKingdom	Isolation Part	Collection Location	Collection Time	Reference
NPO14948	Brucea javanica	Species	Simaroubaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	seed	n.a.	DOI[10.1016/0031-9422(96)00258-0]
NPO14948	Brucea javanica	Species	Simaroubaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	fruit	n.a.	DOI[10.1016/S1383-5769(99)00023-9]
NPO14948	Brucea javanica	Species	Simaroubaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	PMID[10086989]
NPO14948	Brucea javanica	Species	Simaroubaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	PMID[1512598]
NPO14948	Brucea javanica	Species	Simaroubaceae	Eukaryota	Seeds	n.a.	n.a.	PMID[15165151]
NPO15520	Dracocephalum kotschyi	Species	Lamiaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	leaf	n.a.	PMID[15949825]
NPO14948	Brucea javanica	Species	Simaroubaceae	Eukaryota	fruit	Indonesia	n.a.	PMID[17896817]
NPO15146	Myrica nana	Species	Myricaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	PMID[18723353]
NPO14948	Brucea javanica	Species	Simaroubaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	Vietnam	n.a.	PMID[19026551]
NPO14948	Brucea javanica	Species	Simaroubaceae	Eukaryota	seeds	n.a.	n.a.	PMID[20050684]
NPO14948	Brucea javanica	Species	Simaroubaceae	Eukaryota	Seeds	n.a.	n.a.	PMID[22506620]
NPO15520	Dracocephalum kotschyi	Species	Lamiaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	PMID[26522747]
NPO15520	Dracocephalum kotschyi	Species	Lamiaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	PMID[29873264]
NPO15520	Dracocephalum kotschyi	Species	Lamiaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	PMID[33172599]
NPO15520	Dracocephalum kotschyi	Species	Lamiaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	PMID[36253818]
NPO14948	Brucea javanica	Species	Simaroubaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	PMID[6481366]
NPO14948	Brucea javanica	Species	Simaroubaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	PMID[7561896]
NPO211	Aplysina cauliformis	Species	Aplysinidae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	PMID[8350091]
NPO211	Aplysina cauliformis	Species	Aplysinidae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[COCONUT]
NPO14948	Brucea javanica	Species	Simaroubaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[COCONUT]
NPO15520	Dracocephalum kotschyi	Species	Lamiaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[COCONUT]
NPO12089	Trifolium alexandrinum	Species	Fabaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[COCONUT]
NPO14150	Solanum jamaicense	Species	Solanaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[COCONUT]
NPO12944	Sideritis tragoriganum	Species	Lamiaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[COCONUT]
NPO11637	Psilostrophe cooperi	Species	Asteraceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[COCONUT]
NPO14528	Pneumatospora obcoronata	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[COCONUT]
NPO12717	Parmelia metastrigosa	Species	Parmeliaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[COCONUT]
NPO11873	Oecophylla smaragdina	Species	Formicidae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[COCONUT]
NPO15146	Myrica nana	Species	Myricaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[COCONUT]
NPO14749	Lippia carviodora	Species	Verbenaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[COCONUT]
NPO1641	Amycolatopsis azurea	Species	Pseudonocardiaceae	Bacteria	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[COCONUT]
NPO26718	Chelidonura fulvipunctata	Species	Aglajidae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[COCONUT]
NPO14845	Ceratophyllum submersum	Species	Ceratophyllaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[COCONUT]
NPO9203	Cephalonomia gallicola	Species	Bethylidae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[COCONUT]
NPO11432	Centrolobium tomentosum	Species	Fabaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[COCONUT]
NPO5303	Castanea crenata	Species	Fagaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[COCONUT]
NPO10818	Carpobrotus edulis	Species	Aizoaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[COCONUT]
NPO11084	Asplenium normale	Species	Aspleniaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[COCONUT]
NPO3164	Yponomeuta malinellus	Species	Yponomeutidae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[COCONUT]
NPO15520	Dracocephalum kotschyi	Species	Lamiaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[HerDing]
NPO14948	Brucea javanica	Species	Simaroubaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[HerDing]
NPO12089	Trifolium alexandrinum	Species	Fabaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[TCMID]
NPO15520	Dracocephalum kotschyi	Species	Lamiaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[TCMID]
NPO14948	Brucea javanica	Species	Simaroubaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[TCMID]
NPO14948	Brucea javanica	Species	Simaroubaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[TCM_Taiwan]
NPO14948	Brucea javanica	Species	Simaroubaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[TM-MC]
NPO15146	Myrica nana	Species	Myricaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[UNPD]
NPO14749	Lippia carviodora	Species	Verbenaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[UNPD]
NPO11637	Psilostrophe cooperi	Species	Asteraceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[UNPD]
NPO5303	Castanea crenata	Species	Fagaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[UNPD]
NPO14528	Pneumatospora obcoronata	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[UNPD]
NPO14845	Ceratophyllum submersum	Species	Ceratophyllaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[UNPD]
NPO14948	Brucea javanica	Species	Simaroubaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[UNPD]
NPO1641	Amycolatopsis azurea	Species	Pseudonocardiaceae	Bacteria	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[UNPD]
NPO12089	Trifolium alexandrinum	Species	Fabaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[UNPD]
NPO211	Aplysina cauliformis	Species	Aplysinidae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[UNPD]
NPO11873	Oecophylla smaragdina	Species	Formicidae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[UNPD]
NPO11432	Centrolobium tomentosum	Species	Fabaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[UNPD]
NPO12717	Parmelia metastrigosa	Species	Parmeliaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[UNPD]
NPO9203	Cephalonomia gallicola	Species	Bethylidae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[UNPD]
NPO26718	Chelidonura fulvipunctata	Species	Aglajidae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[UNPD]
NPO11084	Asplenium normale	Species	Aspleniaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[UNPD]
NPO14150	Solanum jamaicense	Species	Solanaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[UNPD]
NPO15520	Dracocephalum kotschyi	Species	Lamiaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[UNPD]
NPO12944	Sideritis tragoriganum	Species	Lamiaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[UNPD]
NPO3164	Yponomeuta malinellus	Species	Yponomeutidae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[UNPD]
NPO10818	Carpobrotus edulis	Species	Aizoaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[UNPD]

Note for Reference:
In addition to directly collecting NP source organism data from primary literature (where reference will provided as NCBI PMID or DOI links), NPASS also integrated them from below databases:
☉ UNPD: Universal Natural Products Database [PMID: 23638153].
☉ StreptomeDB: a database of streptomycetes natural products [PMID: 33051671].
☉ TM-MC: a database of medicinal materials and chemical compounds in Northeast Asian traditional medicine [PMID: 26156871].
☉ TCM@Taiwan: a Traditional Chinese Medicine database [PMID: 21253603].
☉ TCMID: a Traditional Chinese Medicine database [PMID: 29106634].
☉ TCMSP: The traditional Chinese medicine systems pharmacology database and analysis platform [PMID: 24735618].
☉ HerDing: a herb recommendation system to treat diseases using genes and chemicals [PMID: 26980517].
☉ MetaboLights: a metabolomics database [PMID: 27010336].
☉ FooDB: a database of constituents, chemistry and biology of food species [www.foodb.ca].

NP Quantity Composition/Concentration

Organism ID	Organism Name	Organism Material Preparation	Organism Part	NP Quantity (Standard)	NP Quantity (Minimum)	NP Quantity (Maximum)	Quantity Unit	Reference

Note for Reference:
In addition to directly collecting NP quantitative data from primary literature (where reference will provided as NCBI PMID or DOI links), NPASS also integrated NP quantitative records for specific NP domains (e.g., NPS from foods or herbs) from domain-specific databases. These databases include:
☉ DUKE: Dr. Duke's Phytochemical and Ethnobotanical Databases.
☉ PHENOL EXPLORER: is the first comprehensive database on polyphenol content in foods [PMID: 24103452], its homepage can be accessed at here.
☉ FooDB: a database of constituents, chemistry and biology of food species [www.foodb.ca].

Biological Activity

Molecular-level activity

Target ID	Target Type	Target Name	Target Organism	Activity Type	Activity Relation	Value	Unit	Reference

In vitro activity

Target ID	Target Type	Target Name	Target Organism	Activity Type	Activity Relation	Value	Unit	Reference

In vivo activity

Target ID	Target Type	Target Name	Target Organism	Activity Type	Activity Relation	Value	Unit	Reference

Experimental ADME

Experiment Model	Experiment Tissue	ADME Type	ADME Relation	ADME Value	ADME Unit	Reference

Experimental Toxicity

Quantitative toxicity

Experiment Model	Experiment Organism	Toxicity Type	Toxicity Relation	Toxicity Value	Toxicity Unit	Reference

Common Abbreviations:
LC: Lethal Concentration; LD: Lethal Dose; LT:Lethal Time; NOAEL: No-observed-adverse-effect Level; BMDL: Benchmark Dose Lower Confidence Limit; BMD: Benchmark Dose; BMC:Benchmark Concentration; LOAEL: Lowest Observed Adverse Effect Level; RfD:Reference Dose; RfC:Reference Concentration; MRL: Minimal Risk Level; MEG: Maximum Exposure Guideline; PAC: Protective Action Criteria

Categorical toxicity labels

Hepatotoxicity	Carcinogenicity	Mutagenicity	Cardiotoxicity	Respiratory Toxicity	Eye Irritation	Endocrine Disruption

Note for Reference:
In addition to directly collecting NP quantitative data from primary literature (where reference will provided as NCBI PMID or DOI links), NPASS also integrated NP toxicity records from domain-specific databases. These databases include:
☉ ToxValDB: a curated database that compiles quantitative toxicity values for chemicals from diverse public sources to support toxicological research and risk assessment.
☉ TOXRIC: a comprehensive, free-to-access, online database providing toxicological/feature data. The toxicity labels are retrieved from this database. [PMID: 36400569]

Chemically structural similarity

Similar Active Natural Products in NPASS

Top-200 similar NPs were calculated against the active-NP-set (includes approximately 50,000 NPs with experimentally-derived bioactivity available in NPASS)

Similarity is measured using the Tanimoto coefficient (Tc) , which compares the binary fingerprints of two molecules. Tc is calculated as the intersection divided by the union of '1' bits in the fingerprints, ranging from 0 to 1, with 1 indicating highest similarity.

● The left chart: Distribution of similarity level between NPC225630 and all remaining natural products in the NPASS database.
● The right table: Most similar natural products (Tc>=0.5 or Top200).

range	Tanimoto Coefficient
0-0.1	18361
0.1-0.2	28602
0.2-0.3	2829
0.3-0.4	29
0.4-0.5	32
0.5-0.6	3
0.6-0.7	3
0.7-0.8	0
0.8-0.85	0
0.85-0.9	0
0.9-0.95	0
0.95-1	0

Similarity Score	Similarity Level	Natural Product ID
0.6716	Remote Similarity	NPC97908
0.6143	Remote Similarity	NPC287343
0.6143	Remote Similarity	NPC474654
0.5672	Remote Similarity	NPC208998
0.5417	Remote Similarity	NPC102822
0.5205	Remote Similarity	NPC49451

Similar Clinical/Approved Drugs

Similarity level is defined by Tanimoto coefficient (Tc) between two molecules.

● The left chart: Distribution of similarity level between NPC225630 and all drugs/candidates.
● The right table: Most similar clinical/approved drugs (Tc>=0.5 or Top200).

range	Tanimoto Coefficient
0-0.1	6702
0.1-0.2	2381
0.2-0.3	67
0.3-0.4	0
0.4-0.5	0
0.5-0.6	0
0.6-0.7	0
0.7-0.8	0
0.8-0.85	0
0.85-0.9	0
0.9-0.95	0
0.95-1	0

Similarity Score	Similarity Level	Drug ID	Developmental Stage
		NPD

Bioactivity similarity

Similar Natural Products in NPASS

Similarity level is defined by Bioactivity similarity was calculated based on bioactivity descriptors of compounds. The bioactivity descriptors were calculated by a recently developed AI algorithm Chemical Checker (CC) [Nature Biotechnology, 38:1087–1096, 2020; Nature Communications, 12:3932, 2021], which evaluated bioactivity similarities at five levels:
☉ A: chemistry similarity;
☉ B: biological targets similarity;
☉ C: networks similarity;
☉ D: cell-based bioactivity similarity;
☉ E: similarity based on clinical data.
Those 5 categories of CC bioactivity descriptors were calculated and then subjected to manifold projection using UMAP algorithm, to project all NPs on a 2-Dimensional space. The current NP was highlighted with a small circle in the 2-D map. Below figures: left-to-right, A-to-E.

A: chemistry similarity

B: biological targets similarity

C: networks similarity

D: cell-based bioactivity similarity

E: similarity based on clinical data