Natural Product: NPC222181

Natural Product IDNPC222181
Common Name
?
The InCHIKey will be temporarily assigned as the "Common Name" if no IUPAC name or alternative short name is available.
 BVYJEKBXVYKYRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N
IUPAC Name n.a.
Synonyms
Synthetic Gene Cluster n.a.
ChEMBL Identifier n.a.
PubChem CID 107252
Chemical Classification
  • CHEMONTID:0000000 [Organic compounds]
    • [CHEMONTID:0002837] Hydrocarbons
      • [CHEMONTID:0004474] Saturated hydrocarbons
        • [CHEMONTID:0001016] Cycloalkanes

The Chemical Classification was calculated by Classyfire, a software for chemical taxonomy calculation. Reference: DOI:10.1186/s13321-016-0174-y.

  Chemical Representations

Standard InCHIKey BVYJEKBXVYKYRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N
Standard InCHI InChI=1S/C10H20/c1-3-6-10-8-5-4-7-9(10)2/h9-10H,3-8H2,1-2H3
SMILES CCCC1CCCCC1C

  Calculated Properties

Physi-Chem Properties

Molecular Weight:   140.16 Volume:   172.96
?
Van der Waals volume.
Dense:   0.81 LogP:   5.069
?
The logarithm of the n-octanol/water distribution coefficients.
logD7.4:   3.501
?
The logarithm of the n-octanol/water distribution coefficient at pH=7.4.
 LogS:   -5.113
?
The logarithm of aqueous solubility value.
Rotatable Bonds:   2.0 Rigid Bonds:   6.0
TPSA:   0.0
?
Topological Polar Surface Area.
 H-Bond Acceptor:   0.0
H-Bond Donor:   0.0 Rings:   1.0
Heavy Atoms:   0.0

MedChem Properties

QED Drug-Likeness Score:   0.549 GASA:   0.0
?
GASA represents the probability of being difficult to synthesize, ranging from 0 to 1.
Synthetic Accessibility Score:   2.785 Fsp3:   1.0
MCE-18:   13.0
?
MCE-18 stands for medicinal chemistry evolution.MCE-18≥45 is considered a suitable value.
 Lipinski Rule-of-5:   Rejected
Pfizer Rule:   Accepted GSK Rule:   Accepted
Golden Triangle Rule:   Accepted BMS Rule:   0
Chelating Alert:   0 PAINS Alert:   0
Colloidal aggregators:   0.227 Fluc inhibitor:   0.339
?
The fluc inhibitor value is the probability of being fLuc inhibitors, within the range of 0 to 1.
Blue fluorescence:   0.002
?
The blue fluorescence value is the probability of being blue fluorescence, within the range of 0 to 1
 Green fluorescence:   0.001
?
The green fluorescence value is the probability of being green fluorescence, within the range of 0 to 1
Reactive compounds:   0.999 Promiscuous compounds:   0.212

ADMET Properties (ADMETlab3.0)

ADMET: Absorption

Caco-2 Permeability:   -4.769 MDCK Permeability:   -4.711
Pgp-inhibitor:   0.6 Pgp-substrate:   0.008
PAMPA:   0.003
?
The experimental data for Peff was logarithmically transformed (logPeff). Molecules with log Peff values below 2.0 were classified as low-permeability (Category 0), while those with log Peff values exceeding 2.5 were classified as high-permeability (Category 1).
 Human Intestinal Absorption (HIA):   0.007
20% Bioavailability (F20%):   0.02 30% Bioavailability (F30%):   0.125
50% Bioavailability (F50%):   0.335

ADMET: Distribution

Blood-Brain-Barrier Penetration (BBB):   0.963 MRP1:   0.952
Plasma Protein Binding (PPB):   93.246% Volume Distribution (VD):   0.416
Fu: 7.274%
?
The fraction unbound in plasms.
 OATP1B1 inhibitor:   0.505
OATP1B3 inhibitor:   0.895 BCRP inhibitor:   0.295
BSEP inhibitor:   0.95

ADMET: Metabolism

CYP1A2-inhibitor:   0.05 CYP1A2-substrate:   0.47
CYP2C19-inhibitor:   0.947 CYP2C19-substrate:   0.479
CYP2C9-inhibitor:   0.741 CYP2C9-substrate:   0.29
CYP2D6-inhibitor:   0.962 CYP2D6-substrate:   0.034
CYP3A4-inhibitor:   0.002 CYP3A4-substrate:   0.998
CYP2B6-substrate:   0.997 CYP2C8-inhibitor:   0.774
HLM stability:   0.825
?
Human liver microsomal (HLM) stability. Category 0: stable+ (HLM > 30 min); Category 1: unstable- (HLM ≤ 30 min). The output value is the probability of human liver microsomal instability, where a value closer to 1 indicates a higher likelihood of instability.

ADMET: Excretion

Clearance (CL):  8.561 Half-life (T1/2):  0.679

ADMET: Toxicity

hERG Blockers:  0.205 hERG Blockers (10um):  0.766
Human Hepatotoxicity (H-HT):  0.429 Drug-induced Liver Injury (DILI):  0.189
AMES Toxicity:  0.109 Rat Oral Acute Toxicity:  0.122
Maximum Recommended Daily Dose:  0.205 Skin Sensitization:  0.55
Carcinogencity:  0.518 Eye Corrosion:  0.995
Eye Irritation:  0.996 Respiratory Toxicity:  0.558
Drug-induced Neurotoxicity:  0.371 Ototoxicity:  0.38
Hematotoxicity:  0.328 Drug-induced Nephrotoxicity:  0.102
Genotoxicity:  0.0 RPMI-8226 Immunitoxicity:  0.063
A549 Cytotoxicity:  0.49 Hek293 Cytotoxicity:  0.15
BCF:   3.069
?
Bioconcentration factors are used for considering secondary poisoning potential and assessing risks to human health via the food chain. The unit is -log10[(mg/L)/(1000*MW)].
 IGC50:   4.495
?
48 hour Tetrahymena pyriformis IGC50. The unit of IGC50 is -log10[(mg/L)/(1000*MW)].
LC50DM:   4.619
?
48 hour Daphnia magna LC50. The unit of LC50DM is -log10[(mg/L)/(1000*MW)].
 LC50FM:   5.151
?
96 hour fathead minnow LC50. The unit of LC50FM is -log10[(mg/L)/(1000*MW)].

  Species Source

Organism ID Organism Name Taxonomy Level Family SuperKingdom Isolation Part Collection Location Collection Time Reference
NPO26721 Apium graveolens Species Apiaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. DOI[10.1016/j.jfca.2004.07.004]
NPO26721 Apium graveolens Species Apiaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. DOI[10.1016/j.jfca.2005.08.001]
NPO26721 Apium graveolens Species Apiaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. 1996-Sep PMID[10352947]
NPO5954 Petroselinum crispum Species Apiaceae Eukaryota n.a. callus n.a. PMID[10552648]
NPO20902 Atractylodes macrocephala Species Asteraceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. PMID[17432574]
NPO5954 Petroselinum crispum Species Apiaceae Eukaryota n.a. leaf n.a. PMID[18214349]
NPO26721 Apium graveolens Species Apiaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. PMID[18460139]
NPO16087 Atractylodes lancea Species Asteraceae Eukaryota n.a. rhizome n.a. PMID[18787781]
NPO26721 Apium graveolens Species Apiaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. PMID[19778086]
NPO5954 Petroselinum crispum Species Apiaceae Eukaryota n.a. seed n.a. PMID[21049975]
NPO21460 Anethum graveolens Species Apiaceae Eukaryota n.a. seed n.a. PMID[21049975]
NPO16087 Atractylodes lancea Species Asteraceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. PMID[21302967]
NPO5954 Petroselinum crispum Species Apiaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. PMID[21800857]
NPO26721 Apium graveolens Species Apiaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. PMID[21800857]
NPO21460 Anethum graveolens Species Apiaceae Eukaryota n.a. aerial part n.a. PMID[25154406]
NPO2345 Coriandrum sativum Species Apiaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. PMID[25340465]
NPO2345 Coriandrum sativum Species Apiaceae Eukaryota n.a. leaf n.a. PMID[25340465]
NPO2345 Coriandrum sativum Species Apiaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. PMID[25577087]
NPO16087 Atractylodes lancea Species Asteraceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. PMID[27228227]
NPO21460 Anethum graveolens Species Apiaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. PMID[30551419]
NPO2345 Coriandrum sativum Species Apiaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. PMID[30827604]
NPO26721 Apium graveolens Species Apiaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. PMID[34885954]
NPO21460 Anethum graveolens Species Apiaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. PMID[35999251]
NPO21460 Anethum graveolens Species Apiaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. PMID[36432786]
NPO21460 Anethum graveolens Species Apiaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. PMID[36840093]
NPO5954 Petroselinum crispum Species Apiaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. PMID[36840093]
NPO2345 Coriandrum sativum Species Apiaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. PMID[37331322]
NPO21460 Anethum graveolens Species Apiaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. PMID[37653914]
NPO21460 Anethum graveolens Species Apiaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. PMID[38592874]
NPO5954 Petroselinum crispum Species Apiaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. PMID[38719900]
NPO21460 Anethum graveolens Species Apiaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. PMID[38719900]
NPO26721 Apium graveolens Species Apiaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. PMID[38719900]
NPO2345 Coriandrum sativum Species Apiaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. PMID[38719900]
NPO21460 Anethum graveolens Species Apiaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. PMID[39065713]
NPO21460 Anethum graveolens Species Apiaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. PMID[39683666]
NPO16087 Atractylodes lancea Species Asteraceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. PMID[9544564]
NPO2345 Coriandrum sativum Species Apiaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[Article]
NPO21460 Anethum graveolens Species Apiaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[COCONUT]
NPO26721 Apium graveolens Species Apiaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[COCONUT]
NPO2345 Coriandrum sativum Species Apiaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[COCONUT]
NPO5954 Petroselinum crispum Species Apiaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[COCONUT]
NPO16087 Atractylodes lancea Species Asteraceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[COCONUT]
NPO20902 Atractylodes macrocephala Species Asteraceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[COCONUT]
NPO21460 Anethum graveolens Species Apiaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. Database[FooDB]
NPO2345 Coriandrum sativum Species Apiaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. Database[FooDB]
NPO26721 Apium graveolens Species Apiaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. Database[FooDB]
NPO5954 Petroselinum crispum Species Apiaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. Database[FooDB]
NPO2345 Coriandrum sativum Species Apiaceae Eukaryota Fruit n.a. n.a. Database[FooDB]
NPO5954 Petroselinum crispum Species Apiaceae Eukaryota Fruit n.a. n.a. Database[FooDB]
NPO21460 Anethum graveolens Species Apiaceae Eukaryota Leaf n.a. n.a. Database[FooDB]
NPO26721 Apium graveolens Species Apiaceae Eukaryota Leaf n.a. n.a. Database[FooDB]
NPO2345 Coriandrum sativum Species Apiaceae Eukaryota Leaf n.a. n.a. Database[FooDB]
NPO5954 Petroselinum crispum Species Apiaceae Eukaryota Leaf n.a. n.a. Database[FooDB]
NPO26721 Apium graveolens Species Apiaceae Eukaryota Leaf Wax n.a. n.a. Database[FooDB]
NPO21460 Anethum graveolens Species Apiaceae Eukaryota Plant n.a. n.a. Database[FooDB]
NPO26721 Apium graveolens Species Apiaceae Eukaryota Plant n.a. n.a. Database[FooDB]
NPO2345 Coriandrum sativum Species Apiaceae Eukaryota Plant n.a. n.a. Database[FooDB]
NPO5954 Petroselinum crispum Species Apiaceae Eukaryota Plant n.a. n.a. Database[FooDB]
NPO26721 Apium graveolens Species Apiaceae Eukaryota Pt n.a. n.a. Database[FooDB]
NPO21460 Anethum graveolens Species Apiaceae Eukaryota Root n.a. n.a. Database[FooDB]
NPO26721 Apium graveolens Species Apiaceae Eukaryota Root n.a. n.a. Database[FooDB]
NPO5954 Petroselinum crispum Species Apiaceae Eukaryota Root n.a. n.a. Database[FooDB]
NPO21460 Anethum graveolens Species Apiaceae Eukaryota Seed n.a. n.a. Database[FooDB]
NPO26721 Apium graveolens Species Apiaceae Eukaryota Seed n.a. n.a. Database[FooDB]
NPO5954 Petroselinum crispum Species Apiaceae Eukaryota Seed n.a. n.a. Database[FooDB]
NPO26721 Apium graveolens Species Apiaceae Eukaryota Seed Essent. Oil n.a. n.a. Database[FooDB]
NPO26721 Apium graveolens Species Apiaceae Eukaryota Shoot n.a. n.a. Database[FooDB]
NPO5954 Petroselinum crispum Species Apiaceae Eukaryota Shoot n.a. n.a. Database[FooDB]
NPO21460 Anethum graveolens Species Apiaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. Database[FooDB]
NPO2345 Coriandrum sativum Species Apiaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. Database[FooDB]
NPO26721 Apium graveolens Species Apiaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. Database[FooDB]
NPO26721 Apium graveolens Species Apiaceae Eukaryota Roots n.a. Database[FooDB]
NPO5954 Petroselinum crispum Species Apiaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. Database[FooDB]
NPO26721 Apium graveolens Species Apiaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[HerDing]
NPO16087 Atractylodes lancea Species Asteraceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[HerDing]
NPO2345 Coriandrum sativum Species Apiaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[HerDing]
NPO20902 Atractylodes macrocephala Species Asteraceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[HerDing]
NPO5954 Petroselinum crispum Species Apiaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[HerDing]
NPO21460 Anethum graveolens Species Apiaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[HerDing]
NPO21460 Anethum graveolens Species Apiaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. Database[Phenol-Explorer]
NPO2345 Coriandrum sativum Species Apiaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. Database[Phenol-Explorer]
NPO26721 Apium graveolens Species Apiaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. Database[Phenol-Explorer]
NPO5954 Petroselinum crispum Species Apiaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. Database[Phenol-Explorer]
NPO21460 Anethum graveolens Species Apiaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[TCMID]
NPO20902 Atractylodes macrocephala Species Asteraceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[TCMID]
NPO16087 Atractylodes lancea Species Asteraceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[TCMID]
NPO26721 Apium graveolens Species Apiaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[TCMID]
NPO5954 Petroselinum crispum Species Apiaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[TCMID]
NPO2345 Coriandrum sativum Species Apiaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[TCMID]
NPO21460 Anethum graveolens Species Apiaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[TCM_Taiwan]
NPO20902 Atractylodes macrocephala Species Asteraceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[TCM_Taiwan]
NPO16087 Atractylodes lancea Species Asteraceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[TCM_Taiwan]
NPO2345 Coriandrum sativum Species Apiaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[TCM_Taiwan]
NPO26721 Apium graveolens Species Apiaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[TCM_Taiwan]
NPO5954 Petroselinum crispum Species Apiaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[TCM_Taiwan]
NPO16087 Atractylodes lancea Species Asteraceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[TM-MC]
NPO21460 Anethum graveolens Species Apiaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[TM-MC]
NPO20902 Atractylodes macrocephala Species Asteraceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[TM-MC]
NPO21460 Anethum graveolens Species Apiaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[UNPD]
NPO20902 Atractylodes macrocephala Species Asteraceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[UNPD]
NPO16087 Atractylodes lancea Species Asteraceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[UNPD]
NPO5954 Petroselinum crispum Species Apiaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[UNPD]
NPO26721 Apium graveolens Species Apiaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[UNPD]
NPO2345 Coriandrum sativum Species Apiaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[UNPD]

Note for Reference:
In addition to directly collecting NP source organism data from primary literature (where reference will provided as NCBI PMID or DOI links), NPASS also integrated them from below databases:
☉ UNPD: Universal Natural Products Database [PMID: 23638153].
☉ StreptomeDB: a database of streptomycetes natural products [PMID: 33051671].
☉ TM-MC: a database of medicinal materials and chemical compounds in Northeast Asian traditional medicine [PMID: 26156871].
☉ TCM@Taiwan: a Traditional Chinese Medicine database [PMID: 21253603].
☉ TCMID: a Traditional Chinese Medicine database [PMID: 29106634].
☉ TCMSP: The traditional Chinese medicine systems pharmacology database and analysis platform [PMID: 24735618].
☉ HerDing: a herb recommendation system to treat diseases using genes and chemicals [PMID: 26980517].
☉ MetaboLights: a metabolomics database [PMID: 27010336].
☉ FooDB: a database of constituents, chemistry and biology of food species [www.foodb.ca].



  NP Quantity Composition/Concentration

Organism ID Organism Name Organism Material Preparation Organism Part NP Quantity (Standard) NP Quantity (Minimum) NP Quantity (Maximum) Quantity Unit Reference
NPO21460 Anethum graveolens Oil n.a. 0.06±0.05 n.a. n.a. % PMID[38719900]
NPO21460 Anethum graveolens Oil n.a. 0.15±0.04 n.a. n.a. % PMID[38719900]
NPO2345 Coriandrum sativum Oil n.a. 0.31±0.05 n.a. n.a. % PMID[38719900]
NPO2345 Coriandrum sativum Oil n.a. 0.22±0.01 n.a. n.a. % PMID[38719900]
NPO26721 Apium graveolens Oil n.a. 0.21±0.05 n.a. n.a. % PMID[38719900]
NPO26721 Apium graveolens Oil n.a. 0.18±0.02 n.a. n.a. % PMID[38719900]
NPO5954 Petroselinum crispum Oil n.a. 0.1±0.01 n.a. n.a. % PMID[38719900]
NPO5954 Petroselinum crispum Oil n.a. 0.08±0.01 n.a. n.a. % PMID[38719900]

Note for Reference:
In addition to directly collecting NP quantitative data from primary literature (where reference will provided as NCBI PMID or DOI links), NPASS also integrated NP quantitative records for specific NP domains (e.g., NPS from foods or herbs) from domain-specific databases. These databases include:
☉ DUKE: Dr. Duke's Phytochemical and Ethnobotanical Databases.
☉ PHENOL EXPLORER: is the first comprehensive database on polyphenol content in foods [PMID: 24103452], its homepage can be accessed at here.
☉ FooDB: a database of constituents, chemistry and biology of food species [www.foodb.ca].



 Biological Activity

Molecular-level activity

Target ID Target Type Target Name Target Organism Activity Type Activity Relation Value Unit Reference

In vitro activity

Target ID Target Type Target Name Target Organism Activity Type Activity Relation Value Unit Reference

In vivo activity

Target ID Target Type Target Name Target Organism Activity Type Activity Relation Value Unit Reference





 Experimental ADME

Experiment Model Experiment Tissue ADME Type ADME Relation ADME Value ADME Unit Reference





 Experimental Toxicity

Quantitative toxicity

Experiment Model Experiment Organism Toxicity Type Toxicity Relation Toxicity Value Toxicity Unit Reference

Common Abbreviations:
LC: Lethal Concentration; LD: Lethal Dose; LT:Lethal Time; NOAEL: No-observed-adverse-effect Level; BMDL: Benchmark Dose Lower Confidence Limit; BMD: Benchmark Dose; BMC:Benchmark Concentration; LOAEL: Lowest Observed Adverse Effect Level; RfD:Reference Dose; RfC:Reference Concentration; MRL: Minimal Risk Level; MEG: Maximum Exposure Guideline; PAC: Protective Action Criteria

Categorical toxicity labels

Hepatotoxicity Carcinogenicity Mutagenicity Cardiotoxicity Respiratory Toxicity Eye Irritation Endocrine Disruption
Hepatotoxicity Carcinogenicity Mutagenicity Cardiotoxicity Respiratory Toxicity Eye Irritation Endocrine Disruption

Note for Reference:
In addition to directly collecting NP quantitative data from primary literature (where reference will provided as NCBI PMID or DOI links), NPASS also integrated NP toxicity records from domain-specific databases. These databases include:
☉ ToxValDB: a curated database that compiles quantitative toxicity values for chemicals from diverse public sources to support toxicological research and risk assessment.
☉ TOXRIC: a comprehensive, free-to-access, online database providing toxicological/feature data. The toxicity labels are retrieved from this database. [PMID: 36400569]


  Chemically structural similarity

Similar Active Natural Products in NPASS

Top-200 similar NPs were calculated against the active-NP-set (includes approximately 50,000 NPs with experimentally-derived bioactivity available in NPASS)

Similarity is measured using the Tanimoto coefficient (Tc) , which compares the binary fingerprints of two molecules. Tc is calculated as the intersection divided by the union of '1' bits in the fingerprints, ranging from 0 to 1, with 1 indicating highest similarity.

●  The left chart: Distribution of similarity level between NPC222181 and all remaining natural products in the NPASS database.
●  The right table: Most similar natural products (Tc>=0.5 or Top200).

Similarity Score Similarity Level Natural Product ID
NPC

Similar Clinical/Approved Drugs

Similarity level is defined by Tanimoto coefficient (Tc) between two molecules.

●  The left chart: Distribution of similarity level between NPC222181 and all drugs/candidates.
●  The right table: Most similar clinical/approved drugs (Tc>=0.5 or Top200).

Similarity Score Similarity Level Drug ID Developmental Stage
NPD

Bioactivity similarity

  Bioactivity similarity

Similar Natural Products in NPASS

Similarity level is defined by Bioactivity similarity was calculated based on bioactivity descriptors of compounds. The bioactivity descriptors were calculated by a recently developed AI algorithm Chemical Checker (CC) [Nature Biotechnology, 38:1087–1096, 2020; Nature Communications, 12:3932, 2021], which evaluated bioactivity similarities at five levels:
☉ A: chemistry similarity;
☉ B: biological targets similarity;
☉ C: networks similarity;
☉ D: cell-based bioactivity similarity;
☉ E: similarity based on clinical data.
Those 5 categories of CC bioactivity descriptors were calculated and then subjected to manifold projection using UMAP algorithm, to project all NPs on a 2-Dimensional space. The current NP was highlighted with a small circle in the 2-D map. Below figures: left-to-right, A-to-E.

A: chemistry similarity
B: biological targets similarity
C: networks similarity
D: cell-based bioactivity similarity
E: similarity based on clinical data