NPASS Compound

Natural Product: NPC164031

Natural Product ID	NPC164031
Common Name ? The InCHIKey will be temporarily assigned as the "Common Name" if no IUPAC name or alternative short name is available.	DUJOSWHWGIHTCJ-NVIBDPSKSA-N
IUPAC Name	n.a.
Synonyms
Synthetic Gene Cluster	n.a.
ChEMBL Identifier	n.a.
PubChem CID	101506965
Chemical Classification	CHEMONTID:0000000 [Organic compounds] [CHEMONTID:0000002] Organoheterocyclic compounds [CHEMONTID:0001640] Naphthopyrans

The Chemical Classification was calculated by Classyfire, a software for chemical taxonomy calculation. Reference: DOI:10.1186/s13321-016-0174-y.

Chemical Representations

RDKit 3D 79 83 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0999 V2000 0.9357 -2.6488 1.8058 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.8681 -1.2127 1.2448 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1.5528 -0.3685 2.3294 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -0.5177 -0.7268 1.1006 C 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -0.8807 0.4963 1.8880 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -2.3895 0.4973 2.0392 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -3.1289 0.3354 0.7462 C 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -3.3831 1.6994 0.1865 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -4.0338 1.7221 -1.0185 O 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -5.3745 1.9803 -0.9027 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -6.0545 0.9567 -0.0657 C 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -5.2434 -0.3448 0.0521 C 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -6.2961 -1.3675 0.5307 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -4.7249 -0.7853 -1.2460 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -3.2548 -0.7343 -1.4711 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -2.5354 -0.6561 -0.1905 C 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -1.0235 -0.5585 -0.3004 C 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -0.5576 0.6265 -1.0390 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -0.5202 -1.7993 -1.0539 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.9691 -1.8097 -1.1552 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1.7012 -1.2218 0.0094 C 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2.3091 -0.0043 -0.2894 O 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3.6782 -0.0233 -0.2607 C 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4.2820 0.2789 -1.6400 C 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 5.7802 0.3620 -1.4738 C 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 6.2017 1.2932 -0.3785 C 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 5.4880 0.8298 0.8957 C 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 5.8101 1.8919 1.9477 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 5.3938 3.1103 1.4016 O 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4.1282 0.8719 0.6861 O 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 7.5549 1.1704 -0.1649 O 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 6.3638 0.7549 -2.6801 O 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4.0366 -0.8690 -2.4250 O 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -4.3910 -0.1934 1.0899 O 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -6.3660 1.3921 1.2163 O 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1.7997 -2.7853 2.4516 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.9446 -3.3903 0.9826 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -0.0441 -2.7901 2.3342 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1.1185 -0.7548 3.2992 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2.6336 -0.6699 2.3956 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1.4084 0.6999 2.1843 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -1.1694 -1.5361 1.5639 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -0.5357 1.4426 1.4911 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -0.4881 0.4428 2.9472 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -2.7165 1.4526 2.5084 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -2.6430 -0.3385 2.7264 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -4.0764 2.2095 0.9242 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -2.4679 2.3618 0.2152 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -5.5490 2.9813 -0.4103 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -5.8403 2.0313 -1.9068 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -7.0379 0.6663 -0.5391 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -6.4568 -1.2826 1.6219 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -7.2001 -1.1843 -0.0699 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -5.9026 -2.3609 0.2348 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -5.1915 -0.1277 -2.0439 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -5.1260 -1.8073 -1.5266 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -2.9560 0.0457 -2.2318 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -2.9334 -1.6959 -1.9784 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -2.6820 -1.6671 0.3106 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -0.0362 1.4024 -0.4774 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -1.4006 1.1690 -1.5652 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.1249 0.3681 -1.9050 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -0.8582 -2.7320 -0.5544 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -0.9060 -1.7874 -2.1159 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1.3378 -1.2627 -2.0728 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1.2683 -2.8812 -1.3597 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2.5737 -1.9192 0.2045 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4.0974 -1.0293 0.0054 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3.8315 1.1630 -2.0877 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 6.1573 -0.6528 -1.2433 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 5.8958 2.3330 -0.5579 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 5.8616 -0.1539 1.2366 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 5.3574 1.6745 2.9171 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 6.9268 1.9680 2.0504 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4.4582 3.0662 1.0842 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 8.0367 2.0418 -0.2688 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 7.0424 0.1257 -2.9936 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4.1794 -1.6911 -1.8993 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -7.2142 1.9101 1.2055 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 2 1 0 2 3 1 0 2 4 1 0 4 5 1 0 5 6 1 0 7 6 1 1 7 8 1 0 8 9 1 0 9 10 1 0 10 11 1 0 11 12 1 0 12 13 1 1 12 14 1 0 14 15 1 0 15 16 1 0 16 17 1 0 17 18 1 6 17 19 1 0 19 20 1 0 20 21 1 0 21 22 1 0 22 23 1 0 23 24 1 0 24 25 1 0 25 26 1 0 26 27 1 0 27 28 1 0 28 29 1 0 27 30 1 0 26 31 1 0 25 32 1 0 24 33 1 0 12 34 1 0 11 35 1 0 21 2 1 0 30 23 1 0 17 4 1 0 16 7 1 0 34 7 1 0 1 36 1 0 1 37 1 0 1 38 1 0 3 39 1 0 3 40 1 0 3 41 1 0 4 42 1 1 5 43 1 0 5 44 1 0 6 45 1 0 6 46 1 0 8 47 1 0 8 48 1 0 10 49 1 0 10 50 1 0 11 51 1 6 13 52 1 0 13 53 1 0 13 54 1 0 14 55 1 0 14 56 1 0 15 57 1 0 15 58 1 0 16 59 1 1 18 60 1 0 18 61 1 0 18 62 1 0 19 63 1 0 19 64 1 0 20 65 1 0 20 66 1 0 21 67 1 1 23 68 1 1 24 69 1 6 25 70 1 1 26 71 1 6 27 72 1 1 28 73 1 0 28 74 1 0 29 75 1 0 31 76 1 0 32 77 1 0 33 78 1 0 35 79 1 0 M END

Standard InCHIKey	DUJOSWHWGIHTCJ-NVIBDPSKSA-N
Standard InCHI	InChI=1S/C26H44O9/c1-23(2)15-6-10-26-13-32-12-17(28)25(4,35-26)9-5-16(26)24(15,3)8-7-18(23)34-22-21(31)20(30)19(29)14(11-27)33-22/h14-22,27-31H,5-13H2,1-4H3/t14-,15-,16+,17+,18-,19-,20+,21-,22+,24-,25-,26-/m1/s1
SMILES	CC1(C)[C@H]2CC[C@@]34COC[C@@H]([C@@](C)(CC[C@H]3[C@]2(C)CC[C@H]1O[C@H]1[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@@H](CO)O1)O)O)O)O4)O

Calculated Properties

Physi-Chem Properties

Molecular Weight:	500.3	Volume:	494.582 ? Van der Waals volume.
Dense:	1.012	LogP:	0.898 ? The logarithm of the n-octanol/water distribution coefficients.
logD7.4:	1.638 ? The logarithm of the n-octanol/water distribution coefficient at pH=7.4.	LogS:	-2.715 ? The logarithm of aqueous solubility value.
Rotatable Bonds:	3.0	Rigid Bonds:	27.0
TPSA:	138.07 ? Topological Polar Surface Area.	H-Bond Acceptor:	9.0
H-Bond Donor:	5.0	Rings:	5.0
Heavy Atoms:	9.0

MedChem Properties

QED Drug-Likeness Score:	0.355	GASA:	1.0 ? GASA represents the probability of being difficult to synthesize, ranging from 0 to 1.
Synthetic Accessibility Score:	6.254	Fsp³:	1.0
MCE-18:	137.077 ? MCE-18 stands for medicinal chemistry evolution.MCE-18≥45 is considered a suitable value.	Lipinski Rule-of-5:	Rejected
Pfizer Rule:	Rejected	GSK Rule:	Accepted
Golden Triangle Rule:	Accepted	BMS Rule:	0
Chelating Alert:	0	PAINS Alert:	0
Colloidal aggregators:	0.601	Fluc inhibitor:	0.0 ? The fluc inhibitor value is the probability of being fLuc inhibitors, within the range of 0 to 1.
Blue fluorescence:	0.025 ? The blue fluorescence value is the probability of being blue fluorescence, within the range of 0 to 1	Green fluorescence:	0.001 ? The green fluorescence value is the probability of being green fluorescence, within the range of 0 to 1
Reactive compounds:	0.144	Promiscuous compounds:	0.039

ADMET Properties (ADMETlab3.0)

ADMET: Absorption

Caco-2 Permeability:	-5.925	MDCK Permeability:	-5.0
Pgp-inhibitor:	0.001	Pgp-substrate:	0.15
PAMPA:	0.989 ? The experimental data for Peff was logarithmically transformed (logPeff). Molecules with log Peff values below 2.0 were classified as low-permeability (Category 0), while those with log Peff values exceeding 2.5 were classified as high-permeability (Category 1).	Human Intestinal Absorption (HIA):	0.051
20% Bioavailability (F20%):	0.072	30% Bioavailability (F30%):	0.613
50% Bioavailability (F50%):	0.984

ADMET: Distribution

Blood-Brain-Barrier Penetration (BBB):	0.248	MRP1:	0.006
Plasma Protein Binding (PPB):	37.513%	Volume Distribution (VD):	-0.476
Fu:	61.437% ? The fraction unbound in plasms.	OATP1B1 inhibitor:	1.0
OATP1B3 inhibitor:	1.0	BCRP inhibitor:	0.846
BSEP inhibitor:	0.007

ADMET: Metabolism

CYP1A2-inhibitor:	0.0	CYP1A2-substrate:	0.0
CYP2C19-inhibitor:	0.232	CYP2C19-substrate:	0.0
CYP2C9-inhibitor:	0.0	CYP2C9-substrate:	0.0
CYP2D6-inhibitor:	0.0	CYP2D6-substrate:	0.005
CYP3A4-inhibitor:	0.757	CYP3A4-substrate:	0.864
CYP2B6-substrate:	0.0	CYP2C8-inhibitor:	0.085
HLM stability:	0.004 ? Human liver microsomal (HLM) stability. Category 0: stable+ (HLM > 30 min); Category 1: unstable- (HLM ≤ 30 min). The output value is the probability of human liver microsomal instability, where a value closer to 1 indicates a higher likelihood of instability.

ADMET: Excretion

Clearance (CL):

3.068

Half-life (T1/2):

2.266

ADMET: Toxicity

hERG Blockers:	0.044	hERG Blockers (10um):	0.115
Human Hepatotoxicity (H-HT):	0.843	Drug-induced Liver Injury (DILI):	0.807
AMES Toxicity:	0.918	Rat Oral Acute Toxicity:	0.086
Maximum Recommended Daily Dose:	0.013	Skin Sensitization:	1.0
Carcinogencity:	0.244	Eye Corrosion:	0.0
Eye Irritation:	0.1	Respiratory Toxicity:	0.019
Drug-induced Neurotoxicity:	0.021	Ototoxicity:	0.959
Hematotoxicity:	0.268	Drug-induced Nephrotoxicity:	0.811
Genotoxicity:	0.035	RPMI-8226 Immunitoxicity:	0.153
A549 Cytotoxicity:	0.411	Hek293 Cytotoxicity:	0.22
BCF:	1.803 ? Bioconcentration factors are used for considering secondary poisoning potential and assessing risks to human health via the food chain. The unit is -log10[(mg/L)/(1000*MW)].	IGC50:	3.755 ? 48 hour Tetrahymena pyriformis IGC50. The unit of IGC50 is -log10[(mg/L)/(1000*MW)].
LC50DM:	5.389 ? 48 hour Daphnia magna LC50. The unit of LC50DM is -log10[(mg/L)/(1000*MW)].	LC50FM:	4.563 ? 96 hour fathead minnow LC50. The unit of LC50FM is -log10[(mg/L)/(1000*MW)].

Species Source

Organism ID	Organism Name	Taxonomy Level	Family	SuperKingdom	Isolation Part	Collection Location	Collection Time	Reference
NPO21341	Morus macroura	Species	Moraceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	stem	n.a.	PMID[15467233]
NPO22421	Microtropis japonica	Species	Celastraceae	Eukaryota	stem	n.a.	n.a.	PMID[18471021]
NPO22421	Microtropis japonica	Species	Celastraceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	stem	n.a.	PMID[18471021]
NPO22421	Microtropis japonica	Species	Celastraceae	Eukaryota	Stems	n.a.	n.a.	PMID[19534471]
NPO10464	Epipedobates anthonyi	Species	Dendrobatidae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	PMID[20337496]
NPO23441	Schisandra sphaerandra	Species	Schisandraceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	stem	n.a.	PMID[8778243]
NPO21610	Laurencia rigida	Species	Rhodomelaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	PMID[9358636]
NPO21341	Morus macroura	Species	Moraceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[COCONUT]
NPO20787	Achyranthes aspera	Species	Amaranthaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[COCONUT]
NPO22272	Raphanus raphanistrum	Species	Brassicaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[COCONUT]
NPO22212	Rhizophora mangle	Species	Rhizophoraceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[COCONUT]
NPO6425	Betula davurica	Species	Betulaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[COCONUT]
NPO22421	Microtropis japonica	Species	Celastraceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[COCONUT]
NPO22788	Barnettia kerrii	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[COCONUT]
NPO3277	Salix alba	Species	Salicaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[COCONUT]
NPO21776	Sesbania grandiflora	Species	Fabaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[COCONUT]
NPO21610	Laurencia rigida	Species	Rhodomelaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[COCONUT]
NPO21341	Morus macroura	Species	Moraceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[HerDing]
NPO20787	Achyranthes aspera	Species	Amaranthaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[HerDing]
NPO21341	Morus macroura	Species	Moraceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[TCMID]
NPO20787	Achyranthes aspera	Species	Amaranthaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[TCMID]
NPO23441	Schisandra sphaerandra	Species	Schisandraceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[TCMID]
NPO5933	Drimia fugax	Species	Hyacinthaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[TCMID]
NPO21610	Laurencia rigida	Species	Rhodomelaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[UNPD]
NPO3277	Salix alba	Species	Salicaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[UNPD]
NPO14938	Cybister lateralimarginalis	Species	Dytiscidae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[UNPD]
NPO22212	Rhizophora mangle	Species	Rhizophoraceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[UNPD]
NPO20787	Achyranthes aspera	Species	Amaranthaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[UNPD]
NPO6425	Betula davurica	Species	Betulaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[UNPD]
NPO22788	Barnettia kerrii	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[UNPD]
NPO10464	Epipedobates anthonyi	Species	Dendrobatidae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[UNPD]
NPO19561	Garcinia conrauana	Species	Clusiaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[UNPD]
NPO22421	Microtropis japonica	Species	Celastraceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[UNPD]
NPO22670	Phebalium bilobum	Species	Rutaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[UNPD]
NPO23441	Schisandra sphaerandra	Species	Schisandraceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[UNPD]
NPO22915	Stereocaulon azoreum	Species	Stereocaulaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[UNPD]
NPO22272	Raphanus raphanistrum	Species	Brassicaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[UNPD]
NPO21341	Morus macroura	Species	Moraceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[UNPD]
NPO17102	Ocypus olens	Species	Staphylinidae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[UNPD]
NPO21776	Sesbania grandiflora	Species	Fabaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[UNPD]
NPO5933	Drimia fugax	Species	Hyacinthaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[UNPD]
NPO22734	Neopringlea integrifolia	Species	Salicaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[UNPD]

Note for Reference:
In addition to directly collecting NP source organism data from primary literature (where reference will provided as NCBI PMID or DOI links), NPASS also integrated them from below databases:
☉ UNPD: Universal Natural Products Database [PMID: 23638153].
☉ StreptomeDB: a database of streptomycetes natural products [PMID: 33051671].
☉ TM-MC: a database of medicinal materials and chemical compounds in Northeast Asian traditional medicine [PMID: 26156871].
☉ TCM@Taiwan: a Traditional Chinese Medicine database [PMID: 21253603].
☉ TCMID: a Traditional Chinese Medicine database [PMID: 29106634].
☉ TCMSP: The traditional Chinese medicine systems pharmacology database and analysis platform [PMID: 24735618].
☉ HerDing: a herb recommendation system to treat diseases using genes and chemicals [PMID: 26980517].
☉ MetaboLights: a metabolomics database [PMID: 27010336].
☉ FooDB: a database of constituents, chemistry and biology of food species [www.foodb.ca].

NP Quantity Composition/Concentration

Organism ID	Organism Name	Organism Material Preparation	Organism Part	NP Quantity (Standard)	NP Quantity (Minimum)	NP Quantity (Maximum)	Quantity Unit	Reference

Note for Reference:
In addition to directly collecting NP quantitative data from primary literature (where reference will provided as NCBI PMID or DOI links), NPASS also integrated NP quantitative records for specific NP domains (e.g., NPS from foods or herbs) from domain-specific databases. These databases include:
☉ DUKE: Dr. Duke's Phytochemical and Ethnobotanical Databases.
☉ PHENOL EXPLORER: is the first comprehensive database on polyphenol content in foods [PMID: 24103452], its homepage can be accessed at here.
☉ FooDB: a database of constituents, chemistry and biology of food species [www.foodb.ca].

Biological Activity

Molecular-level activity

Target ID	Target Type	Target Name	Target Organism	Activity Type	Activity Relation	Value	Unit	Reference

In vitro activity

Target ID	Target Type	Target Name	Target Organism	Activity Type	Activity Relation	Value	Unit	Reference

In vivo activity

Target ID	Target Type	Target Name	Target Organism	Activity Type	Activity Relation	Value	Unit	Reference

Experimental ADME

Experiment Model	Experiment Tissue	ADME Type	ADME Relation	ADME Value	ADME Unit	Reference

Experimental Toxicity

Quantitative toxicity

Experiment Model	Experiment Organism	Toxicity Type	Toxicity Relation	Toxicity Value	Toxicity Unit	Reference

Common Abbreviations:
LC: Lethal Concentration; LD: Lethal Dose; LT:Lethal Time; NOAEL: No-observed-adverse-effect Level; BMDL: Benchmark Dose Lower Confidence Limit; BMD: Benchmark Dose; BMC:Benchmark Concentration; LOAEL: Lowest Observed Adverse Effect Level; RfD:Reference Dose; RfC:Reference Concentration; MRL: Minimal Risk Level; MEG: Maximum Exposure Guideline; PAC: Protective Action Criteria

Categorical toxicity labels

Hepatotoxicity	Carcinogenicity	Mutagenicity	Cardiotoxicity	Respiratory Toxicity	Eye Irritation	Endocrine Disruption

Note for Reference:
In addition to directly collecting NP quantitative data from primary literature (where reference will provided as NCBI PMID or DOI links), NPASS also integrated NP toxicity records from domain-specific databases. These databases include:
☉ ToxValDB: a curated database that compiles quantitative toxicity values for chemicals from diverse public sources to support toxicological research and risk assessment.
☉ TOXRIC: a comprehensive, free-to-access, online database providing toxicological/feature data. The toxicity labels are retrieved from this database. [PMID: 36400569]

Chemically structural similarity

Similar Active Natural Products in NPASS

Top-200 similar NPs were calculated against the active-NP-set (includes approximately 50,000 NPs with experimentally-derived bioactivity available in NPASS)

Similarity is measured using the Tanimoto coefficient (Tc) , which compares the binary fingerprints of two molecules. Tc is calculated as the intersection divided by the union of '1' bits in the fingerprints, ranging from 0 to 1, with 1 indicating highest similarity.

● The left chart: Distribution of similarity level between NPC164031 and all remaining natural products in the NPASS database.
● The right table: Most similar natural products (Tc>=0.5 or Top200).

range	Tanimoto Coefficient
0-0.1	20252
0.1-0.2	25033
0.2-0.3	3476
0.3-0.4	1018
0.4-0.5	77
0.5-0.6	3
0.6-0.7	0
0.7-0.8	0
0.8-0.85	0
0.85-0.9	0
0.9-0.95	0
0.95-1	0

Similarity Score	Similarity Level	Natural Product ID
0.527	Remote Similarity	NPC477927
0.5067	Remote Similarity	NPC90583
0.5063	Remote Similarity	NPC477928

Similar Clinical/Approved Drugs

Similarity level is defined by Tanimoto coefficient (Tc) between two molecules.

● The left chart: Distribution of similarity level between NPC164031 and all drugs/candidates.
● The right table: Most similar clinical/approved drugs (Tc>=0.5 or Top200).

range	Tanimoto Coefficient
0-0.1	6933
0.1-0.2	2135
0.2-0.3	61
0.3-0.4	21
0.4-0.5	0
0.5-0.6	0
0.6-0.7	0
0.7-0.8	0
0.8-0.85	0
0.85-0.9	0
0.9-0.95	0
0.95-1	0

Similarity Score	Similarity Level	Drug ID	Developmental Stage
		NPD

Bioactivity similarity

Similar Natural Products in NPASS

Similarity level is defined by Bioactivity similarity was calculated based on bioactivity descriptors of compounds. The bioactivity descriptors were calculated by a recently developed AI algorithm Chemical Checker (CC) [Nature Biotechnology, 38:1087–1096, 2020; Nature Communications, 12:3932, 2021], which evaluated bioactivity similarities at five levels:
☉ A: chemistry similarity;
☉ B: biological targets similarity;
☉ C: networks similarity;
☉ D: cell-based bioactivity similarity;
☉ E: similarity based on clinical data.
Those 5 categories of CC bioactivity descriptors were calculated and then subjected to manifold projection using UMAP algorithm, to project all NPs on a 2-Dimensional space. The current NP was highlighted with a small circle in the 2-D map. Below figures: left-to-right, A-to-E.

A: chemistry similarity

B: biological targets similarity

C: networks similarity

D: cell-based bioactivity similarity

E: similarity based on clinical data