NPASS Compound

Natural Product: NPC160842

Natural Product ID	NPC160842
Common Name ? The InCHIKey will be temporarily assigned as the "Common Name" if no IUPAC name or alternative short name is available.	DPLLCJFNXPKFPB-FQLXRVMXSA-N
IUPAC Name	n.a.
Synonyms
Synthetic Gene Cluster	n.a.
ChEMBL Identifier	n.a.
PubChem CID	10348927
Chemical Classification	CHEMONTID:0000000 [Organic compounds] [CHEMONTID:0004603] Organic oxygen compounds [CHEMONTID:0000323] Organooxygen compounds [CHEMONTID:0000254] Ethers [CHEMONTID:0002463] Diarylethers

The Chemical Classification was calculated by Classyfire, a software for chemical taxonomy calculation. Reference: DOI:10.1186/s13321-016-0174-y.

Chemical Representations

RDKit 3D 86 93 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0999 V2000 5.4475 2.9507 -2.6238 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 5.3932 1.7767 -1.7508 N 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 6.2524 2.0120 -0.6690 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 5.7071 1.6761 0.6622 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4.8293 0.4651 0.6257 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4.8930 -0.3877 1.6770 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4.1021 -1.5420 1.6420 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3.3176 -1.7402 0.5533 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3.2509 -0.8622 -0.5403 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4.0213 0.2737 -0.5068 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4.0711 1.3662 -1.4665 C 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3.1969 2.5559 -1.1771 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1.7544 2.2872 -1.0751 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.8270 2.6663 -2.0137 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -0.4813 2.3692 -1.8189 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -0.9440 1.6757 -0.6779 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.0045 1.3174 0.2280 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1.3189 1.5970 0.0692 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -2.2826 1.4229 -0.5796 O 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -3.0396 0.7216 0.2730 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -3.7965 -0.3975 -0.0988 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -4.5638 -1.0821 0.8063 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -5.4015 -2.2451 0.4485 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -5.6759 -2.3445 -1.0059 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -5.1939 -1.2833 -1.8313 N 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -5.1926 -1.7733 -3.1980 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -3.8250 -0.9011 -1.4913 C 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -3.0562 -2.2235 -1.5409 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -1.6067 -1.9730 -1.5592 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -1.1115 -1.1070 -2.4677 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.2430 -0.8606 -2.4552 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1.0928 -1.4579 -1.5627 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.5912 -2.3468 -0.6354 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -0.8008 -2.5864 -0.6624 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1.2225 -3.1743 0.4293 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2.5740 -2.9410 0.6671 O 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2.4342 -1.1012 -1.6680 O 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -4.6046 -0.6717 2.1362 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -3.8568 0.4317 2.5035 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -3.0803 1.1284 1.5932 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -2.3624 2.2339 2.0677 O 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -2.9435 3.5177 2.0677 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -3.8609 0.8881 3.8248 O 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -4.6441 0.2070 4.7748 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4.1910 -2.3959 2.7371 O 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 5.0280 -2.1247 3.8125 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4.8367 2.8563 -3.5270 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 5.2241 3.8926 -2.0403 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 6.5031 3.0675 -2.9477 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 7.2258 1.4539 -0.8645 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 6.5593 3.1049 -0.6246 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 5.1279 2.4916 1.1058 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 6.5563 1.5026 1.3923 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 5.5326 -0.2152 2.5496 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3.6772 0.9961 -2.4944 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3.2969 3.2060 -2.1119 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3.5716 3.2417 -0.3969 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1.1369 3.1865 -2.8812 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -1.2218 2.6651 -2.5528 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -0.3033 0.7796 1.1083 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2.0328 1.2972 0.8327 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -5.0273 -3.1774 0.9291 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -6.3995 -2.0494 0.9580 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -5.1855 -3.2855 -1.3910 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -6.7583 -2.5085 -1.2401 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -4.2977 -1.3818 -3.7165 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -5.2155 -2.8830 -3.2399 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -6.0781 -1.3543 -3.7687 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -3.4563 -0.1977 -2.2425 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -3.3449 -2.8864 -0.7017 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -3.3870 -2.7741 -2.4600 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -1.7217 -0.6032 -3.2006 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.6359 -0.1695 -3.1791 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -1.2331 -3.2795 0.0542 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.5625 -3.1225 1.3159 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1.1469 -4.2468 0.0821 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -5.2139 -1.2104 2.8750 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -2.1791 4.3026 1.8405 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -3.7850 3.6151 1.3643 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -3.3616 3.7963 3.0672 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -4.6891 0.7854 5.7467 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -4.2648 -0.8074 5.0296 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -5.6990 0.0626 4.3935 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 6.0920 -2.0226 3.5090 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4.9918 -2.9380 4.5662 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4.6724 -1.2081 4.3389 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 2 1 0 2 3 1 0 3 4 1 0 4 5 1 0 5 6 2 0 6 7 1 0 7 8 2 0 8 9 1 0 9 10 2 0 10 11 1 0 11 12 1 0 12 13 1 0 13 14 2 0 14 15 1 0 15 16 2 0 16 17 1 0 17 18 2 0 16 19 1 0 19 20 1 0 20 21 2 0 21 22 1 0 22 23 1 0 23 24 1 0 24 25 1 0 25 26 1 0 25 27 1 0 27 28 1 0 28 29 1 0 29 30 1 0 30 31 2 0 31 32 1 0 32 33 2 0 33 34 1 0 33 35 1 0 35 36 1 0 32 37 1 0 22 38 2 0 38 39 1 0 39 40 2 0 40 41 1 0 41 42 1 0 39 43 1 0 43 44 1 0 7 45 1 0 45 46 1 0 11 2 1 0 18 13 1 0 40 20 1 0 10 5 1 0 27 21 1 0 34 29 2 0 36 8 1 0 37 9 1 0 1 47 1 0 1 48 1 0 1 49 1 0 3 50 1 0 3 51 1 0 4 52 1 0 4 53 1 0 6 54 1 0 11 55 1 6 12 56 1 0 12 57 1 0 14 58 1 0 15 59 1 0 17 60 1 0 18 61 1 0 23 62 1 0 23 63 1 0 24 64 1 0 24 65 1 0 26 66 1 0 26 67 1 0 26 68 1 0 27 69 1 6 28 70 1 0 28 71 1 0 30 72 1 0 31 73 1 0 34 74 1 0 35 75 1 0 35 76 1 0 38 77 1 0 42 78 1 0 42 79 1 0 42 80 1 0 44 81 1 0 44 82 1 0 44 83 1 0 46 84 1 0 46 85 1 0 46 86 1 0 M END

Standard InCHIKey	DPLLCJFNXPKFPB-FQLXRVMXSA-N
Standard InCHI	InChI=1S/C38H40N2O6/c1-39-14-13-25-20-32(42-4)36-38-34(25)28(39)17-22-6-9-27(10-7-22)45-37-33-24(19-31(41-3)35(37)43-5)12-15-40(2)29(33)18-23-8-11-30(46-38)26(16-23)21-44-36/h6-11,16,19-20,28-29H,12-15,17-18,21H2,1-5H3/t28-,29-/m1/s1
SMILES	CN1CCc2cc(c3c4c2[C@H]1Cc1ccc(cc1)Oc1c2c(CCN(C)[C@@H]2Cc2ccc(c(c2)CO3)O4)cc(c1OC)OC)OC

Calculated Properties

Physi-Chem Properties

Molecular Weight:	620.29	Volume:	640.45 ? Van der Waals volume.
Dense:	0.969	LogP:	3.763 ? The logarithm of the n-octanol/water distribution coefficients.
logD7.4:	3.321 ? The logarithm of the n-octanol/water distribution coefficient at pH=7.4.	LogS:	-4.853 ? The logarithm of aqueous solubility value.
Rotatable Bonds:	3.0	Rigid Bonds:	45.0
TPSA:	61.86 ? Topological Polar Surface Area.	H-Bond Acceptor:	8.0
H-Bond Donor:	0.0	Rings:	11.0
Heavy Atoms:	8.0

MedChem Properties

QED Drug-Likeness Score:	0.242	GASA:	1.0 ? GASA represents the probability of being difficult to synthesize, ranging from 0 to 1.
Synthetic Accessibility Score:	5.88	Fsp³:	0.368
MCE-18:	143.885 ? MCE-18 stands for medicinal chemistry evolution.MCE-18≥45 is considered a suitable value.	Lipinski Rule-of-5:	Rejected
Pfizer Rule:	Accepted	GSK Rule:	Accepted
Golden Triangle Rule:	Accepted	BMS Rule:	0
Chelating Alert:	0	PAINS Alert:	0
Colloidal aggregators:	0.999	Fluc inhibitor:	0.229 ? The fluc inhibitor value is the probability of being fLuc inhibitors, within the range of 0 to 1.
Blue fluorescence:	0.841 ? The blue fluorescence value is the probability of being blue fluorescence, within the range of 0 to 1	Green fluorescence:	0.925 ? The green fluorescence value is the probability of being green fluorescence, within the range of 0 to 1
Reactive compounds:	0.002	Promiscuous compounds:	0.247

ADMET Properties (ADMETlab3.0)

ADMET: Absorption

Caco-2 Permeability:	-4.696	MDCK Permeability:	-4.712
Pgp-inhibitor:	0.769	Pgp-substrate:	0.743
PAMPA:	0.001 ? The experimental data for Peff was logarithmically transformed (logPeff). Molecules with log Peff values below 2.0 were classified as low-permeability (Category 0), while those with log Peff values exceeding 2.5 were classified as high-permeability (Category 1).	Human Intestinal Absorption (HIA):	0.001
20% Bioavailability (F20%):	0.592	30% Bioavailability (F30%):	0.676
50% Bioavailability (F50%):	0.997

ADMET: Distribution

Blood-Brain-Barrier Penetration (BBB):	0.942	MRP1:	0.984
Plasma Protein Binding (PPB):	83.948%	Volume Distribution (VD):	0.276
Fu:	17.061% ? The fraction unbound in plasms.	OATP1B1 inhibitor:	0.955
OATP1B3 inhibitor:	0.982	BCRP inhibitor:	0.952
BSEP inhibitor:	1.0

ADMET: Metabolism

CYP1A2-inhibitor:	1.0	CYP1A2-substrate:	0.0
CYP2C19-inhibitor:	1.0	CYP2C19-substrate:	0.0
CYP2C9-inhibitor:	0.998	CYP2C9-substrate:	0.0
CYP2D6-inhibitor:	1.0	CYP2D6-substrate:	0.002
CYP3A4-inhibitor:	1.0	CYP3A4-substrate:	0.593
CYP2B6-substrate:	0.995	CYP2C8-inhibitor:	0.001
HLM stability:	0.339 ? Human liver microsomal (HLM) stability. Category 0: stable+ (HLM > 30 min); Category 1: unstable- (HLM ≤ 30 min). The output value is the probability of human liver microsomal instability, where a value closer to 1 indicates a higher likelihood of instability.

ADMET: Excretion

Clearance (CL):

8.246

Half-life (T1/2):

2.032

ADMET: Toxicity

hERG Blockers:	0.854	hERG Blockers (10um):	0.836
Human Hepatotoxicity (H-HT):	0.711	Drug-induced Liver Injury (DILI):	0.013
AMES Toxicity:	0.697	Rat Oral Acute Toxicity:	0.815
Maximum Recommended Daily Dose:	0.986	Skin Sensitization:	0.657
Carcinogencity:	0.868	Eye Corrosion:	0.0
Eye Irritation:	0.002	Respiratory Toxicity:	0.715
Drug-induced Neurotoxicity:	0.884	Ototoxicity:	0.596
Hematotoxicity:	0.131	Drug-induced Nephrotoxicity:	0.253
Genotoxicity:	0.584	RPMI-8226 Immunitoxicity:	0.101
A549 Cytotoxicity:	0.223	Hek293 Cytotoxicity:	0.744
BCF:	2.455 ? Bioconcentration factors are used for considering secondary poisoning potential and assessing risks to human health via the food chain. The unit is -log10[(mg/L)/(1000*MW)].	IGC50:	4.795 ? 48 hour Tetrahymena pyriformis IGC50. The unit of IGC50 is -log10[(mg/L)/(1000*MW)].
LC50DM:	6.361 ? 48 hour Daphnia magna LC50. The unit of LC50DM is -log10[(mg/L)/(1000*MW)].	LC50FM:	5.888 ? 96 hour fathead minnow LC50. The unit of LC50FM is -log10[(mg/L)/(1000*MW)].

Species Source

Organism ID	Organism Name	Taxonomy Level	Family	SuperKingdom	Isolation Part	Collection Location	Collection Time	Reference
NPO5881	Catharanthus roseus	Species	Apocynaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	PMID[ 3619437]
NPO5881	Catharanthus roseus	Species	Apocynaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	DOI[10.1002/btpr.97]
NPO1515	Lonicera japonica	Species	Caprifoliaceae	Eukaryota	Flowers	n.a.	n.a.	DOI[10.1002/elan.200403102]
NPO15810	Zea mays	Species	Poaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	DOI[10.1007/BF00714468]
NPO5881	Catharanthus roseus	Species	Apocynaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	DOI[10.1007/s11738-010-0631-6]
NPO1515	Lonicera japonica	Species	Caprifoliaceae	Eukaryota	Flowers	n.a.	n.a.	DOI[10.1016/j.foodchem.2012.02.124]
NPO28276	Artemisia argyi	Species	Asteraceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	DOI[10.1016/j.jep.2005.01.054]
NPO5881	Catharanthus roseus	Species	Apocynaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	DOI[10.1016/j.plaphy.2018.10.015]
NPO15810	Zea mays	Species	Poaceae	Eukaryota		n.a.	n.a.	DOI[10.1021/jf00055a023]
NPO9498	Papaver somniferum	Species	Papaveraceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	DOI[10.1042/BA20020118]
NPO5881	Catharanthus roseus	Species	Apocynaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	DOI[10.1080/17429145.2017.1293852]
NPO5881	Catharanthus roseus	Species	Apocynaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	DOI[10.1186/1750-2187-3-9]
NPO9498	Papaver somniferum	Species	Papaveraceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	DOI[10.1556/abot.45.2003.3-4.15]
NPO1515	Lonicera japonica	Species	Caprifoliaceae	Eukaryota	Flowers	n.a.	n.a.	PMID[11077184]
NPO15810	Zea mays	Species	Poaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	seed	n.a.	PMID[11539687]
NPO5881	Catharanthus roseus	Species	Apocynaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	PMID[12628396]
NPO15810	Zea mays	Species	Poaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	PMID[12713418]
NPO4902	Aconitum carmichaelii	Species	Ranunculaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	tuber	n.a.	PMID[12913245]
NPO4902	Aconitum carmichaelii	Species	Ranunculaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	PMID[1293938]
NPO9498	Papaver somniferum	Species	Papaveraceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	PMID[15019787]
NPO1657	Parthenocissus tricuspidata	Species	Vitaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	leaf	n.a.	PMID[15089035]
NPO4902	Aconitum carmichaelii	Species	Ranunculaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	PMID[16181762]
NPO2746	Apis cerana	Species	Apidae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	PMID[16377847]
NPO1515	Lonicera japonica	Species	Caprifoliaceae	Eukaryota	Flowers	n.a.	n.a.	PMID[17328234]
NPO1515	Lonicera japonica	Species	Caprifoliaceae	Eukaryota	Flower buds	n.a.	n.a.	PMID[18321056]
NPO5881	Catharanthus roseus	Species	Apocynaceae	Eukaryota	Hairy roots	n.a.	n.a.	PMID[19271765]
NPO3152	Morella rubra	Species	Myricaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	PMID[19407970]
NPO20252	Capra hircus	Species	Bovidae	Eukaryota	Serum	n.a.	n.a.	PMID[19835390]
NPO16561	Viscum articulatum	Species	Viscaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	PMID[20121165]
NPO11351	Stephania japonica	Species	Menispermaceae	Eukaryota	Aerial parts	n.a.	n.a.	PMID[20426456]
NPO18410	Cyclea racemosa	Species	Menispermaceae	Eukaryota	roots	n.a.	n.a.	PMID[20593839]
NPO28265	Morus alba	Species	Moraceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	PMID[20815207]
NPO15810	Zea mays	Species	Poaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	PMID[21080643]
NPO28265	Morus alba	Species	Moraceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	root	n.a.	PMID[21319773]
NPO28265	Morus alba	Species	Moraceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	leaf	n.a.	PMID[21319773]
NPO28265	Morus alba	Species	Moraceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	bark	n.a.	PMID[21319773]
NPO3152	Morella rubra	Species	Myricaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	bark	n.a.	PMID[21553897]
NPO15810	Zea mays	Species	Poaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	husk	n.a.	PMID[21574561]
NPO15810	Zea mays	Species	Poaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	leaf	n.a.	PMID[21574561]
NPO1515	Lonicera japonica	Species	Caprifoliaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	flower	n.a.	PMID[21804227]
NPO1515	Lonicera japonica	Species	Caprifoliaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	flower bud	n.a.	PMID[21942812]
NPO1515	Lonicera japonica	Species	Caprifoliaceae	Eukaryota	flower buds	Henan province, China	2005-MAY	PMID[21942812]
NPO9498	Papaver somniferum	Species	Papaveraceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	PMID[22029392]
NPO28265	Morus alba	Species	Moraceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	leaf	n.a.	PMID[22207282]
NPO4902	Aconitum carmichaelii	Species	Ranunculaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	root	n.a.	PMID[22223386]
NPO4902	Aconitum carmichaelii	Species	Ranunculaceae	Eukaryota	Lateral roots	n.a.	n.a.	PMID[22607495]
NPO4902	Aconitum carmichaelii	Species	Ranunculaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	root	n.a.	PMID[22628040]
NPO4902	Aconitum carmichaelii	Species	Ranunculaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	root	n.a.	PMID[22907155]
NPO4902	Aconitum carmichaelii	Species	Ranunculaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	root	n.a.	PMID[23225552]
NPO1515	Lonicera japonica	Species	Caprifoliaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	leaf	n.a.	PMID[23265495]
NPO15810	Zea mays	Species	Poaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	seed	n.a.	PMID[23292602]
NPO9498	Papaver somniferum	Species	Papaveraceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	PMID[23517479]
NPO4902	Aconitum carmichaelii	Species	Ranunculaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	PMID[23707213]
NPO4902	Aconitum carmichaelii	Species	Ranunculaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	root	n.a.	PMID[23707213]
NPO28265	Morus alba	Species	Moraceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	root	n.a.	PMID[23806866]
NPO12323	Bos taurus	Species	Bovidae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	PMID[24211545]
NPO1515	Lonicera japonica	Species	Caprifoliaceae	Eukaryota	Flower buds	n.a.	n.a.	PMID[24279769]
NPO4902	Aconitum carmichaelii	Species	Ranunculaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	PMID[24793215]
NPO28265	Morus alba	Species	Moraceae	Eukaryota	root bark	University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences Brno (UVPS Brno), Brno, Czech Republic	2011-APR	PMID[24901948]
NPO28265	Morus alba	Species	Moraceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	Konya, Turkey	2007-APR	PMID[24901948]
NPO2601	Ovis aries	Species	Bovidae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	PMID[24937646]
NPO28265	Morus alba	Species	Moraceae	Eukaryota	leaves	Chungbuk, Korea	n.a.	PMID[25935644]
NPO28265	Morus alba	Species	Moraceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	root	n.a.	PMID[25981820]
NPO5881	Catharanthus roseus	Species	Apocynaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	PMID[26285573]
NPO28265	Morus alba	Species	Moraceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	latex	n.a.	PMID[27294120]
NPO4902	Aconitum carmichaelii	Species	Ranunculaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	root	n.a.	PMID[27761113]
NPO15768	Lyonia ovalifolia	Species	Ericaceae	Eukaryota	Twigs; Leaves	n.a.	n.a.	PMID[27792321]
NPO15810	Zea mays	Species	Poaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	PMID[29762032]
NPO4902	Aconitum carmichaelii	Species	Ranunculaceae	Eukaryota	Roots	n.a.	n.a.	PMID[30892884]
NPO28265	Morus alba	Species	Moraceae	Eukaryota	Root barks	n.a.	n.a.	PMID[3097265]
NPO28276	Artemisia argyi	Species	Asteraceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	PMID[31181920]
NPO28276	Artemisia argyi	Species	Asteraceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	PMID[31418264]
NPO28907	Sonchus arvensis	Species	Asteraceae	Eukaryota	n.a	The rural area of ViÃƒÂ§osa, State of Minas Gerais (MG), Brazil	Adult stage	PMID[35282307]
NPO9498	Papaver somniferum	Species	Papaveraceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	PMID[37685099]
NPO28276	Artemisia argyi	Species	Asteraceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	PMID[38754641]
NPO12323	Bos taurus	Species	Bovidae	Eukaryota	Urine	n.a.	n.a.	PMID[6330305]
NPO5881	Catharanthus roseus	Species	Apocynaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	PMID[6619887]
NPO5881	Catharanthus roseus	Species	Apocynaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	PMID[6631435]
NPO5881	Catharanthus roseus	Species	Apocynaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	PMID[7264679]
NPO5881	Catharanthus roseus	Species	Apocynaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	PMID[7264682]
NPO5881	Catharanthus roseus	Species	Apocynaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	PMID[7320741]
NPO15810	Zea mays	Species	Poaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	pollen	n.a.	PMID[8987503]
NPO12323	Bos taurus	Species	Bovidae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	PMID[932730]
NPO11351	Stephania japonica	Species	Menispermaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	PMID[9392886]
NPO12323	Bos taurus	Species	Bovidae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[COCONUT]
NPO1515	Lonicera japonica	Species	Caprifoliaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[COCONUT]
NPO28265	Morus alba	Species	Moraceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[COCONUT]
NPO28907	Sonchus arvensis	Species	Asteraceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[COCONUT]
NPO15810	Zea mays	Species	Poaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[COCONUT]
NPO9498	Papaver somniferum	Species	Papaveraceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[COCONUT]
NPO3152	Morella rubra	Species	Myricaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[COCONUT]
NPO28276	Artemisia argyi	Species	Asteraceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[COCONUT]
NPO5881	Catharanthus roseus	Species	Apocynaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[COCONUT]
NPO18655	Clerodendranthus spicatus	Species	Lamiaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[COCONUT]
NPO5731	Euphorbia humifusa	Species	Euphorbiaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[COCONUT]
NPO17393	Bubalus bubalis	Species	Bovidae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[COCONUT]
NPO18410	Cyclea racemosa	Species	Menispermaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[COCONUT]
NPO1657	Parthenocissus tricuspidata	Species	Vitaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[COCONUT]
NPO2746	Apis cerana	Species	Apidae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[COCONUT]
NPO11351	Stephania japonica	Species	Menispermaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[COCONUT]
NPO16561	Viscum articulatum	Species	Viscaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[COCONUT]
NPO15768	Lyonia ovalifolia	Species	Ericaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[COCONUT]
NPO18536	Vaccinium bracteatum	Species	Ericaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[COCONUT]
NPO20252	Capra hircus	Species	Bovidae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[COCONUT]
NPO15810	Zea mays	Species	Poaceae	Eukaryota		n.a.	n.a.	Database[FooDB]
NPO12323	Bos taurus	Species	Bovidae	Eukaryota		n.a.	n.a.	Database[FooDB]
NPO15810	Zea mays	Species	Poaceae	Eukaryota	Cob	n.a.	n.a.	Database[FooDB]
NPO15810	Zea mays	Species	Poaceae	Eukaryota	Fruit	n.a.	n.a.	Database[FooDB]
NPO15810	Zea mays	Species	Poaceae	Eukaryota	Husk Essent. Oil	n.a.	n.a.	Database[FooDB]
NPO9498	Papaver somniferum	Species	Papaveraceae	Eukaryota	Latex Exudate	n.a.	n.a.	Database[FooDB]
NPO15810	Zea mays	Species	Poaceae	Eukaryota	Oil	n.a.	n.a.	Database[FooDB]
NPO15810	Zea mays	Species	Poaceae	Eukaryota	Plant	n.a.	n.a.	Database[FooDB]
NPO15810	Zea mays	Species	Poaceae	Eukaryota	Pollen Or Spore	n.a.	n.a.	Database[FooDB]
NPO15810	Zea mays	Species	Poaceae	Eukaryota	Root	n.a.	n.a.	Database[FooDB]
NPO9498	Papaver somniferum	Species	Papaveraceae	Eukaryota	Seed	n.a.	n.a.	Database[FooDB]
NPO15810	Zea mays	Species	Poaceae	Eukaryota	Seed	n.a.	n.a.	Database[FooDB]
NPO15810	Zea mays	Species	Poaceae	Eukaryota	Seed Essent. Oil	n.a.	n.a.	Database[FooDB]
NPO15810	Zea mays	Species	Poaceae	Eukaryota	Shoot	n.a.	n.a.	Database[FooDB]
NPO15810	Zea mays	Species	Poaceae	Eukaryota	Silk Essent. Oil	n.a.	n.a.	Database[FooDB]
NPO15810	Zea mays	Species	Poaceae	Eukaryota	Silk Stigma Style	n.a.	n.a.	Database[FooDB]
NPO15810	Zea mays	Species	Poaceae	Eukaryota	Stem	n.a.	n.a.	Database[FooDB]
NPO9498	Papaver somniferum	Species	Papaveraceae	Eukaryota		n.a.	n.a.	Database[FooDB]
NPO12323	Bos taurus	Species	Bovidae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.		Database[FooDB]
NPO9498	Papaver somniferum	Species	Papaveraceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.		Database[FooDB]
NPO2746	Apis cerana	Species	Apidae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[HerDing]
NPO28276	Artemisia argyi	Species	Asteraceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[HerDing]
NPO28265	Morus alba	Species	Moraceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[HerDing]
NPO1515	Lonicera japonica	Species	Caprifoliaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[HerDing]
NPO18655	Clerodendranthus spicatus	Species	Lamiaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[HerDing]
NPO9498	Papaver somniferum	Species	Papaveraceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[HerDing]
NPO18410	Cyclea racemosa	Species	Menispermaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[HerDing]
NPO12323	Bos taurus	Species	Bovidae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[HerDing]
NPO11351	Stephania japonica	Species	Menispermaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[HerDing]
NPO18536	Vaccinium bracteatum	Species	Ericaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[HerDing]
NPO5881	Catharanthus roseus	Species	Apocynaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[HerDing]
NPO15768	Lyonia ovalifolia	Species	Ericaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[HerDing]
NPO5731	Euphorbia humifusa	Species	Euphorbiaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[HerDing]
NPO15810	Zea mays	Species	Poaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[HerDing]
NPO28907	Sonchus arvensis	Species	Asteraceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[HerDing]
NPO17393	Bubalus bubalis	Species	Bovidae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[HerDing]
NPO1657	Parthenocissus tricuspidata	Species	Vitaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[HerDing]
NPO16561	Viscum articulatum	Species	Viscaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[HerDing]
NPO2601	Ovis aries	Species	Bovidae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[HerDing]
NPO2746	Apis cerana	Species	Apidae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[MetaboLights]
NPO2601	Ovis aries	Species	Bovidae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[MetaboLights]
NPO1515	Lonicera japonica	Species	Caprifoliaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[TCMID]
NPO28276	Artemisia argyi	Species	Asteraceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[TCMID]
NPO17393	Bubalus bubalis	Species	Bovidae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[TCMID]
NPO5881	Catharanthus roseus	Species	Apocynaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[TCMID]
NPO28265	Morus alba	Species	Moraceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[TCMID]
NPO18410	Cyclea racemosa	Species	Menispermaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[TCMID]
NPO4902	Aconitum carmichaelii	Species	Ranunculaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[TCMID]
NPO28907	Sonchus arvensis	Species	Asteraceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[TCMID]
NPO2746	Apis cerana	Species	Apidae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[TCMID]
NPO9498	Papaver somniferum	Species	Papaveraceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[TCMID]
NPO12323	Bos taurus	Species	Bovidae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[TCMID]
NPO18655	Clerodendranthus spicatus	Species	Lamiaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[TCMID]
NPO3152	Morella rubra	Species	Myricaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[TCMID]
NPO15810	Zea mays	Species	Poaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[TCMID]
NPO11351	Stephania japonica	Species	Menispermaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[TCMID]
NPO5731	Euphorbia humifusa	Species	Euphorbiaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[TCMID]
NPO16561	Viscum articulatum	Species	Viscaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[TCMID]
NPO2601	Ovis aries	Species	Bovidae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[TCMID]
NPO20252	Capra hircus	Species	Bovidae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[TCMID]
NPO18536	Vaccinium bracteatum	Species	Ericaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[TCMID]
NPO15768	Lyonia ovalifolia	Species	Ericaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[TCMID]
NPO1657	Parthenocissus tricuspidata	Species	Vitaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[TCMID]
NPO28265	Morus alba	Species	Moraceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[TCM_Taiwan]
NPO11351	Stephania japonica	Species	Menispermaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[TCM_Taiwan]
NPO9498	Papaver somniferum	Species	Papaveraceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[TCM_Taiwan]
NPO15768	Lyonia ovalifolia	Species	Ericaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[TCM_Taiwan]
NPO15810	Zea mays	Species	Poaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[TCM_Taiwan]
NPO28276	Artemisia argyi	Species	Asteraceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[TCM_Taiwan]
NPO5881	Catharanthus roseus	Species	Apocynaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[TCM_Taiwan]
NPO16561	Viscum articulatum	Species	Viscaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[TCM_Taiwan]
NPO1515	Lonicera japonica	Species	Caprifoliaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[TCM_Taiwan]
NPO17393	Bubalus bubalis	Species	Bovidae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[TCM_Taiwan]
NPO12323	Bos taurus	Species	Bovidae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[TCM_Taiwan]
NPO28907	Sonchus arvensis	Species	Asteraceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[TCM_Taiwan]
NPO2746	Apis cerana	Species	Apidae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[TCM_Taiwan]
NPO2601	Ovis aries	Species	Bovidae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[TCM_Taiwan]
NPO18536	Vaccinium bracteatum	Species	Ericaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[TCM_Taiwan]
NPO20252	Capra hircus	Species	Bovidae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[TCM_Taiwan]
NPO18410	Cyclea racemosa	Species	Menispermaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[TCM_Taiwan]
NPO4902	Aconitum carmichaelii	Species	Ranunculaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[TM-MC]
NPO9498	Papaver somniferum	Species	Papaveraceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[TM-MC]
NPO28276	Artemisia argyi	Species	Asteraceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[TM-MC]
NPO5731	Euphorbia humifusa	Species	Euphorbiaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[TM-MC]
NPO1515	Lonicera japonica	Species	Caprifoliaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[TM-MC]
NPO28265	Morus alba	Species	Moraceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[TM-MC]
NPO15810	Zea mays	Species	Poaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[TM-MC]
NPO5881	Catharanthus roseus	Species	Apocynaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[UNPD]
NPO3152	Morella rubra	Species	Myricaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[UNPD]
NPO1515	Lonicera japonica	Species	Caprifoliaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[UNPD]
NPO5731	Euphorbia humifusa	Species	Euphorbiaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[UNPD]
NPO15768	Lyonia ovalifolia	Species	Ericaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[UNPD]
NPO9498	Papaver somniferum	Species	Papaveraceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[UNPD]
NPO15810	Zea mays	Species	Poaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[UNPD]
NPO28276	Artemisia argyi	Species	Asteraceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[UNPD]
NPO18536	Vaccinium bracteatum	Species	Ericaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[UNPD]
NPO2601	Ovis aries	Species	Bovidae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[UNPD]
NPO2746	Apis cerana	Species	Apidae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[UNPD]
NPO1657	Parthenocissus tricuspidata	Species	Vitaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[UNPD]
NPO18655	Clerodendranthus spicatus	Species	Lamiaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[UNPD]
NPO28907	Sonchus arvensis	Species	Asteraceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[UNPD]
NPO28265	Morus alba	Species	Moraceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[UNPD]
NPO11351	Stephania japonica	Species	Menispermaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[UNPD]
NPO18410	Cyclea racemosa	Species	Menispermaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[UNPD]
NPO16561	Viscum articulatum	Species	Viscaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[UNPD]
NPO12323	Bos taurus	Species	Bovidae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[UNPD]
NPO20252	Capra hircus	Species	Bovidae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[UNPD]

Note for Reference:
In addition to directly collecting NP source organism data from primary literature (where reference will provided as NCBI PMID or DOI links), NPASS also integrated them from below databases:
☉ UNPD: Universal Natural Products Database [PMID: 23638153].
☉ StreptomeDB: a database of streptomycetes natural products [PMID: 33051671].
☉ TM-MC: a database of medicinal materials and chemical compounds in Northeast Asian traditional medicine [PMID: 26156871].
☉ TCM@Taiwan: a Traditional Chinese Medicine database [PMID: 21253603].
☉ TCMID: a Traditional Chinese Medicine database [PMID: 29106634].
☉ TCMSP: The traditional Chinese medicine systems pharmacology database and analysis platform [PMID: 24735618].
☉ HerDing: a herb recommendation system to treat diseases using genes and chemicals [PMID: 26980517].
☉ MetaboLights: a metabolomics database [PMID: 27010336].
☉ FooDB: a database of constituents, chemistry and biology of food species [www.foodb.ca].

NP Quantity Composition/Concentration

Organism ID	Organism Name	Organism Material Preparation	Organism Part	NP Quantity (Standard)	NP Quantity (Minimum)	NP Quantity (Maximum)	Quantity Unit	Reference

Note for Reference:
In addition to directly collecting NP quantitative data from primary literature (where reference will provided as NCBI PMID or DOI links), NPASS also integrated NP quantitative records for specific NP domains (e.g., NPS from foods or herbs) from domain-specific databases. These databases include:
☉ DUKE: Dr. Duke's Phytochemical and Ethnobotanical Databases.
☉ PHENOL EXPLORER: is the first comprehensive database on polyphenol content in foods [PMID: 24103452], its homepage can be accessed at here.
☉ FooDB: a database of constituents, chemistry and biology of food species [www.foodb.ca].

Biological Activity

Molecular-level activity

Target ID	Target Type	Target Name	Target Organism	Activity Type	Activity Relation	Value	Unit	Reference

In vitro activity

Target ID	Target Type	Target Name	Target Organism	Activity Type	Activity Relation	Value	Unit	Reference

In vivo activity

Target ID	Target Type	Target Name	Target Organism	Activity Type	Activity Relation	Value	Unit	Reference

Experimental ADME

Experiment Model	Experiment Tissue	ADME Type	ADME Relation	ADME Value	ADME Unit	Reference

Experimental Toxicity

Quantitative toxicity

Experiment Model	Experiment Organism	Toxicity Type	Toxicity Relation	Toxicity Value	Toxicity Unit	Reference

Common Abbreviations:
LC: Lethal Concentration; LD: Lethal Dose; LT:Lethal Time; NOAEL: No-observed-adverse-effect Level; BMDL: Benchmark Dose Lower Confidence Limit; BMD: Benchmark Dose; BMC:Benchmark Concentration; LOAEL: Lowest Observed Adverse Effect Level; RfD:Reference Dose; RfC:Reference Concentration; MRL: Minimal Risk Level; MEG: Maximum Exposure Guideline; PAC: Protective Action Criteria

Categorical toxicity labels

Hepatotoxicity	Carcinogenicity	Mutagenicity	Cardiotoxicity	Respiratory Toxicity	Eye Irritation	Endocrine Disruption

Note for Reference:
In addition to directly collecting NP quantitative data from primary literature (where reference will provided as NCBI PMID or DOI links), NPASS also integrated NP toxicity records from domain-specific databases. These databases include:
☉ ToxValDB: a curated database that compiles quantitative toxicity values for chemicals from diverse public sources to support toxicological research and risk assessment.
☉ TOXRIC: a comprehensive, free-to-access, online database providing toxicological/feature data. The toxicity labels are retrieved from this database. [PMID: 36400569]

Chemically structural similarity

Similar Active Natural Products in NPASS

Top-200 similar NPs were calculated against the active-NP-set (includes approximately 50,000 NPs with experimentally-derived bioactivity available in NPASS)

Similarity is measured using the Tanimoto coefficient (Tc) , which compares the binary fingerprints of two molecules. Tc is calculated as the intersection divided by the union of '1' bits in the fingerprints, ranging from 0 to 1, with 1 indicating highest similarity.

● The left chart: Distribution of similarity level between NPC160842 and all remaining natural products in the NPASS database.
● The right table: Most similar natural products (Tc>=0.5 or Top200).

range	Tanimoto Coefficient
0-0.1	30423
0.1-0.2	18662
0.2-0.3	573
0.3-0.4	94
0.4-0.5	67
0.5-0.6	26
0.6-0.7	10
0.7-0.8	0
0.8-0.85	0
0.85-0.9	0
0.9-0.95	0
0.95-1	0

Similarity Score	Similarity Level	Natural Product ID
0.7619	Intermediate Similarity	NPC317439
0.6867	Remote Similarity	NPC206900
0.6184	Remote Similarity	NPC76682
0.6184	Remote Similarity	NPC10908
0.6184	Remote Similarity	NPC63646
0.6184	Remote Similarity	NPC317145
0.6184	Remote Similarity	NPC198498
0.6184	Remote Similarity	NPC115284
0.6104	Remote Similarity	NPC276890
0.6026	Remote Similarity	NPC227060
0.6	Remote Similarity	NPC480587
0.5783	Remote Similarity	NPC223690
0.5783	Remote Similarity	NPC9532
0.561	Remote Similarity	NPC73492
0.561	Remote Similarity	NPC299990
0.5595	Remote Similarity	NPC185639
0.5595	Remote Similarity	NPC251735
0.5595	Remote Similarity	NPC49075
0.5595	Remote Similarity	NPC599951
0.55	Remote Similarity	NPC41376
0.5484	Remote Similarity	NPC234318
0.5366	Remote Similarity	NPC12424
0.5366	Remote Similarity	NPC129518
0.5366	Remote Similarity	NPC251580
0.5341	Remote Similarity	NPC475479
0.5301	Remote Similarity	NPC603853
0.5281	Remote Similarity	NPC485712
0.5275	Remote Similarity	NPC480586
0.5275	Remote Similarity	NPC480590
0.52	Remote Similarity	NPC104196
0.52	Remote Similarity	NPC247639
0.52	Remote Similarity	NPC25084
0.5169	Remote Similarity	NPC323537
0.5116	Remote Similarity	NPC239824
0.5111	Remote Similarity	NPC24260
0.5056	Remote Similarity	NPC16357
0.5056	Remote Similarity	NPC302245

Similar Clinical/Approved Drugs

Similarity level is defined by Tanimoto coefficient (Tc) between two molecules.

● The left chart: Distribution of similarity level between NPC160842 and all drugs/candidates.
● The right table: Most similar clinical/approved drugs (Tc>=0.5 or Top200).

range	Tanimoto Coefficient
0-0.1	4252
0.1-0.2	4737
0.2-0.3	149
0.3-0.4	8
0.4-0.5	1
0.5-0.6	2
0.6-0.7	1
0.7-0.8	0
0.8-0.85	0
0.85-0.9	0
0.9-0.95	0
0.95-1	0

Similarity Score	Similarity Level	Drug ID	Developmental Stage
0.6184	Remote Similarity	NPD8099	Discontinued
0.5679	Remote Similarity	NPD8156	Discontinued
0.5238	Remote Similarity	NPD8095	Phase 1

Bioactivity similarity

Similar Natural Products in NPASS

Similarity level is defined by Bioactivity similarity was calculated based on bioactivity descriptors of compounds. The bioactivity descriptors were calculated by a recently developed AI algorithm Chemical Checker (CC) [Nature Biotechnology, 38:1087–1096, 2020; Nature Communications, 12:3932, 2021], which evaluated bioactivity similarities at five levels:
☉ A: chemistry similarity;
☉ B: biological targets similarity;
☉ C: networks similarity;
☉ D: cell-based bioactivity similarity;
☉ E: similarity based on clinical data.
Those 5 categories of CC bioactivity descriptors were calculated and then subjected to manifold projection using UMAP algorithm, to project all NPs on a 2-Dimensional space. The current NP was highlighted with a small circle in the 2-D map. Below figures: left-to-right, A-to-E.

A: chemistry similarity

B: biological targets similarity

C: networks similarity

D: cell-based bioactivity similarity

E: similarity based on clinical data