Structure

Physi-Chem Properties

Molecular Weight:  222.2
Volume:  257.037
LogP:  4.47
LogD:  3.98
LogS:  -4.096
# Rotatable Bonds:  3
TPSA:  20.23
# H-Bond Aceptor:  1
# H-Bond Donor:  1
# Rings:  2
# Heavy Atoms:  1

MedChem Properties

QED Drug-Likeness Score:  0.718
Synthetic Accessibility Score:  4.793
Fsp3:  0.867
Lipinski Rule-of-5:  Accepted
Pfizer Rule:  Rejected
GSK Rule:  Rejected
BMS Rule:  0
Golden Triangle Rule:  Accepted
Chelating Alert:  0
PAINS Alert:  0

ADMET Properties (ADMETlab2.0)

ADMET: Absorption

Caco-2 Permeability:  -4.435
MDCK Permeability:  2.0249624867574312e-05
Pgp-inhibitor:  0.036
Pgp-substrate:  0.001
Human Intestinal Absorption (HIA):  0.007
20% Bioavailability (F20%):  0.655
30% Bioavailability (F30%):  0.034

ADMET: Distribution

Blood-Brain-Barrier Penetration (BBB):  0.44
Plasma Protein Binding (PPB):  96.0455551147461%
Volume Distribution (VD):  1.233
Pgp-substrate:  3.8514328002929688%

ADMET: Metabolism

CYP1A2-inhibitor:  0.15
CYP1A2-substrate:  0.525
CYP2C19-inhibitor:  0.133
CYP2C19-substrate:  0.909
CYP2C9-inhibitor:  0.137
CYP2C9-substrate:  0.655
CYP2D6-inhibitor:  0.012
CYP2D6-substrate:  0.47
CYP3A4-inhibitor:  0.119
CYP3A4-substrate:  0.192

ADMET: Excretion

Clearance (CL):  18.715
Half-life (T1/2):  0.126

ADMET: Toxicity

hERG Blockers:  0.033
Human Hepatotoxicity (H-HT):  0.369
Drug-inuced Liver Injury (DILI):  0.026
AMES Toxicity:  0.01
Rat Oral Acute Toxicity:  0.045
Maximum Recommended Daily Dose:  0.061
Skin Sensitization:  0.843
Carcinogencity:  0.073
Eye Corrosion:  0.151
Eye Irritation:  0.791
Respiratory Toxicity:  0.653

Download Data

Data Type Select
General Info & Identifiers & Properties  
Structure MOL file  
Source Organisms  
Biological Activities  
Similar NPs/Drugs  

  Natural Product: NPC160416

Natural Product ID:  NPC160416
Common Name*:   SGAYOTORECIFCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N
IUPAC Name:   n.a.
Synonyms:  
Standard InCHIKey:  SGAYOTORECIFCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N
Standard InCHI:  InChI=1S/C15H26O/c1-11(2)6-5-8-14(3)12-7-9-15(14,4)13(16)10-12/h6,12-13,16H,5,7-10H2,1-4H3
SMILES:  CC(=CCCC1(C)C2CCC1(C)C(C2)O)C
Synthetic Gene Cluster:   n.a.
ChEMBL Identifier:   n.a.
PubChem CID:   5315645
Chemical Classification**:  
  • CHEMONTID:0000000 [Organic compounds]
    • [CHEMONTID:0000012] Lipids and lipid-like molecules
      • [CHEMONTID:0000259] Prenol lipids
        • [CHEMONTID:0001550] Sesquiterpenoids

*Note: the InCHIKey will be temporarily assigned as the "Common Name" if no IUPAC name or alternative short name is available.
**Note: the Chemical Classification was calculated by NPClassifier Version 1.5. Reference: PMID:34662515.

  Species Source

Organism ID Organism Name Taxonomy Level Family SuperKingdom Isolation Part Collection Location Collection Time Reference
NPO11578 Aloe vera Species Xanthorrhoeaceae Eukaryota Flowers Tantempango, Hidalgo, Mexico 2019-May DOI[10.1007/s11130-020-00822-2]
NPO26589 Artemisia annua L. Strain Asteraceae Eukaryota n.a. stem n.a. DOI[10.1007/s11418-006-0112-9]
NPO26589 Artemisia annua L. Strain Asteraceae Eukaryota n.a. flower n.a. DOI[10.1007/s11418-006-0112-9]
NPO26589 Artemisia annua L. Strain Asteraceae Eukaryota n.a. leaf n.a. DOI[10.1007/s11418-006-0112-9]
NPO163 Daucus carota Species Apiaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. DOI[10.1016/0045-6535(91)90110-Y]
NPO163 Daucus carota Species Apiaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. DOI[10.1016/j.jfca.2004.07.004]
NPO163 Daucus carota Species Apiaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. DOI[10.1016/j.jfca.2005.08.001]
NPO163 Daucus carota Species Apiaceae Eukaryota n.a. retail stores, supermarkets and market stalls in Forssa and in the Helsinki area 2003–2005 DOI[10.1016/j.jfca.2006.05.007]
NPO163 Daucus carota Species Apiaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. 1996-Sep PMID[10352947]
NPO15454 Vitex rotundifolia Species Lamiaceae Eukaryota Fruits n.a. n.a. PMID[10579867]
NPO6473.1 Perilla frutescens var. acuta Strain Lamiaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. PMID[10757731]
NPO15454 Vitex rotundifolia Species Lamiaceae Eukaryota subterranean part n.a. n.a. PMID[11374949]
NPO15454 Vitex rotundifolia Species Lamiaceae Eukaryota n.a. fruit n.a. PMID[11536386]
NPO15454 Vitex rotundifolia Species Lamiaceae Eukaryota fruits n.a. n.a. PMID[11975496]
NPO25825 Saussurea lappa Species Asteraceae Eukaryota Roots n.a. n.a. PMID[14510592]
NPO163 Daucus carota Species Apiaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. PMID[15877880]
NPO11578 Aloe vera Species Xanthorrhoeaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. PMID[16297615]
NPO8187 Schisandra chinensis Species Schisandraceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. PMID[16562834]
NPO15462 Angelica sinensis Species Apiaceae Eukaryota roots purchased from Kiu Shun Trading Ltd., Vancouver, Canada 2000 PMID[16643021]
NPO21387 Forsythia suspensa Species Oleaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. PMID[17156960]
NPO20553 Zingiber officinale Species Zingiberaceae Eukaryota rhizomes n.a. n.a. PMID[18177011]
NPO163 Daucus carota Species Apiaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. PMID[18460139]
NPO163 Daucus carota Species Apiaceae Eukaryota n.a. Northeastern Regional Plant Introduction Station at Geneva 1966, 1967, and 1968 crop seasons PMID[18460139]
NPO11578 Aloe vera Species Xanthorrhoeaceae Eukaryota n.a. whole plant n.a. PMID[18543151]
NPO20553 Zingiber officinale Species Zingiberaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. PMID[19271742]
NPO20553 Zingiber officinale Species Zingiberaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. PMID[20590154]
NPO17333.1 Valeriana officinalis var. latifolia Varieties Caprifoliaceae Eukaryota roots n.a. n.a. PMID[20812738]
NPO163 Daucus carota Species Apiaceae Eukaryota n.a. exocarp n.a. PMID[21800857]
NPO163 Daucus carota Species Apiaceae Eukaryota n.a. root n.a. PMID[21800857]
NPO163 Daucus carota Species Apiaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. PMID[21800857]
NPO6336 Asarum sieboldii Species Aristolochiaceae Eukaryota roots n.a. n.a. PMID[22381047]
NPO15454 Vitex rotundifolia Species Lamiaceae Eukaryota fruits n.a. n.a. PMID[24035341]
NPO8187 Schisandra chinensis Species Schisandraceae Eukaryota n.a. fruit n.a. PMID[24155209]
NPO11578 Aloe vera Species Xanthorrhoeaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. PMID[24358188]
NPO8187 Schisandra chinensis Species Schisandraceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. PMID[24959987]
NPO8187 Schisandra chinensis Species Schisandraceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. PMID[25302569]
NPO15462 Angelica sinensis Species Apiaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. PMID[25538068]
NPO21387 Forsythia suspensa Species Oleaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. PMID[26422318]
NPO15462 Angelica sinensis Species Apiaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. PMID[27400088]
NPO21387 Forsythia suspensa Species Oleaceae Eukaryota Fruits n.a. n.a. PMID[28218000]
NPO163 Daucus carota Species Apiaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. PMID[2831703]
NPO1436 Houttuynia cordata Species Saururaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. PMID[29099182]
NPO25209 Curcuma aromatica Species Zingiberaceae Eukaryota Radix n.a. n.a. PMID[29236488]
NPO25825 Saussurea lappa Species Asteraceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. PMID[3572418]
NPO26589 Artemisia annua L. Strain Asteraceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. PMID[6387056]
NPO163 Daucus carota Species Apiaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. PMID[6821187]
NPO20553 Zingiber officinale Species Zingiberaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. PMID[8064299]
NPO20553 Zingiber officinale Species Zingiberaceae Eukaryota n.a. rhizome n.a. PMID[8064299]
NPO11578 Aloe vera Species Xanthorrhoeaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. PMID[8778246]
NPO7929 Curcuma zedoaria Species Zingiberaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. PMID[9868158]
NPO20553 Zingiber officinale Species Zingiberaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. Database[FooDB]
NPO163 Daucus carota Species Apiaceae Eukaryota Leaf n.a. n.a. Database[FooDB]
NPO163 Daucus carota Species Apiaceae Eukaryota Roots n.a. Database[FooDB]
NPO163 Daucus carota Species Apiaceae Eukaryota Plant n.a. n.a. Database[FooDB]
NPO20553 Zingiber officinale Species Zingiberaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. Database[FooDB]
NPO20553 Zingiber officinale Species Zingiberaceae Eukaryota Plant n.a. n.a. Database[FooDB]
NPO20553 Zingiber officinale Species Zingiberaceae Eukaryota Resin, Exudate, Sap n.a. n.a. Database[FooDB]
NPO20553 Zingiber officinale Species Zingiberaceae Eukaryota Rhizome n.a. n.a. Database[FooDB]
NPO163 Daucus carota Species Apiaceae Eukaryota Root n.a. n.a. Database[FooDB]
NPO20553 Zingiber officinale Species Zingiberaceae Eukaryota Root n.a. n.a. Database[FooDB]
NPO163 Daucus carota Species Apiaceae Eukaryota Seed n.a. n.a. Database[FooDB]
NPO163 Daucus carota Species Apiaceae Eukaryota Shoot n.a. n.a. Database[FooDB]
NPO163 Daucus carota Species Apiaceae Eukaryota Tissue Culture n.a. n.a. Database[FooDB]
NPO163 Daucus carota Species Apiaceae Eukaryota Fruit n.a. n.a. Database[FooDB]
NPO163 Daucus carota Species Apiaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. Database[FooDB]
NPO8187 Schisandra chinensis Species Schisandraceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[HerDing]
NPO8789 Schizonepeta tenuifolia Species Lamiaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[HerDing]
NPO7929 Curcuma zedoaria Species Zingiberaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[HerDing]
NPO11578 Aloe vera Species Xanthorrhoeaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[HerDing]
NPO8650.1 Perilla frutescens var. arguta Varieties Lamiaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[HerDing]
NPO15730 Citrus medica Species Rutaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[HerDing]
NPO25209 Curcuma aromatica Species Zingiberaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[HerDing]
NPO21387 Forsythia suspensa Species Oleaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[HerDing]
NPO15454 Vitex rotundifolia Species Lamiaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[HerDing]
NPO6336 Asarum sieboldii Species Aristolochiaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[HerDing]
NPO1436 Houttuynia cordata Species Saururaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[HerDing]
NPO12468.1 Asarum heterotropoides var. mandshuricum Varieties Aristolochiaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[HerDing]
NPO26589 Artemisia annua L. Strain Asteraceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[HerDing]
NPO6473.1 Perilla frutescens var. acuta Strain Lamiaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[HerDing]
NPO163 Daucus carota Species Apiaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[HerDing]
NPO17333.1 Valeriana officinalis var. latifolia Varieties Caprifoliaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[HerDing]
NPO20553 Zingiber officinale Species Zingiberaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[HerDing]
NPO15462 Angelica sinensis Species Apiaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[HerDing]
NPO1484 Bupleurum scorzonerifolium Species Apiaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[HerDing]
NPO163 Daucus carota Species Apiaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. Database[Phenol-Explorer]
NPO20553 Zingiber officinale Species Zingiberaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. Database[Phenol-Explorer]
NPO6336 Asarum sieboldii Species Aristolochiaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[TCMID]
NPO1436 Houttuynia cordata Species Saururaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[TCMID]
NPO25825 Saussurea lappa Species Asteraceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[TCMID]
NPO24644 Hansenia forbesii Species Apiaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[TCMID]
NPO20553 Zingiber officinale Species Zingiberaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[TCMID]
NPO11142 Ligum cinnamomi camphorae n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[TCMID]
NPO11578 Aloe vera Species Xanthorrhoeaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[TCMID]
NPO17333.1 Valeriana officinalis var. latifolia Varieties Caprifoliaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[TCMID]
NPO15454 Vitex rotundifolia Species Lamiaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[TCMID]
NPO15730 Citrus medica Species Rutaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[TCMID]
NPO8187 Schisandra chinensis Species Schisandraceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[TCMID]
NPO6473.1 Perilla frutescens var. acuta Strain Lamiaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[TCMID]
NPO13857 Mentha canadensis Species Lamiaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[TCMID]
NPO7929 Curcuma zedoaria Species Zingiberaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[TCMID]
NPO1484 Bupleurum scorzonerifolium Species Apiaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[TCMID]
NPO26589 Artemisia annua L. Strain Asteraceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[TCMID]
NPO8650.1 Perilla frutescens var. arguta Varieties Lamiaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[TCMID]
NPO21387 Forsythia suspensa Species Oleaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[TCMID]
NPO25209 Curcuma aromatica Species Zingiberaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[TCMID]
NPO8789 Schizonepeta tenuifolia Species Lamiaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[TCMID]
NPO15462 Angelica sinensis Species Apiaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[TCMID]
NPO12468.1 Asarum heterotropoides var. mandshuricum Varieties Aristolochiaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[TCMID]
NPO163 Daucus carota Species Apiaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[TCMID]
NPO11578 Aloe vera Species Xanthorrhoeaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[TCM_Taiwan]
NPO26589 Artemisia annua L. Strain Asteraceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[TCM_Taiwan]
NPO1436 Houttuynia cordata Species Saururaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[TCM_Taiwan]
NPO163 Daucus carota Species Apiaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[TCM_Taiwan]
NPO8187 Schisandra chinensis Species Schisandraceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[TCM_Taiwan]
NPO15730 Citrus medica Species Rutaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[TCM_Taiwan]
NPO25209 Curcuma aromatica Species Zingiberaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[TCM_Taiwan]
NPO20553 Zingiber officinale Species Zingiberaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[TCM_Taiwan]
NPO6336 Asarum sieboldii Species Aristolochiaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[TCM_Taiwan]
NPO15462 Angelica sinensis Species Apiaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[TCM_Taiwan]
NPO8789 Schizonepeta tenuifolia Species Lamiaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[TCM_Taiwan]
NPO7929 Curcuma zedoaria Species Zingiberaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[TCM_Taiwan]
NPO1484 Bupleurum scorzonerifolium Species Apiaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[TCM_Taiwan]
NPO11578 Aloe vera Species Xanthorrhoeaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[TM-MC]
NPO24644 Hansenia forbesii Species Apiaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[TM-MC]
NPO15462 Angelica sinensis Species Apiaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[TM-MC]
NPO8789 Schizonepeta tenuifolia Species Lamiaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[TM-MC]
NPO1484 Bupleurum scorzonerifolium Species Apiaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[TM-MC]
NPO8187 Schisandra chinensis Species Schisandraceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[TM-MC]
NPO20553 Zingiber officinale Species Zingiberaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[TM-MC]
NPO6336 Asarum sieboldii Species Aristolochiaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[TM-MC]
NPO7929 Curcuma zedoaria Species Zingiberaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[TM-MC]
NPO21387 Forsythia suspensa Species Oleaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[TM-MC]
NPO26589 Artemisia annua L. Strain Asteraceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[TM-MC]
NPO1436 Houttuynia cordata Species Saururaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[TM-MC]
NPO13857 Mentha canadensis Species Lamiaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[TM-MC]
NPO25825 Saussurea lappa Species Asteraceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[TM-MC]
NPO15454 Vitex rotundifolia Species Lamiaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[TM-MC]
NPO163 Daucus carota Species Apiaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[TM-MC]
NPO15730 Citrus medica Species Rutaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[TM-MC]
NPO21387 Forsythia suspensa Species Oleaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[UNPD]
NPO1484 Bupleurum scorzonerifolium Species Apiaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[UNPD]
NPO25209 Curcuma aromatica Species Zingiberaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[UNPD]
NPO15462 Angelica sinensis Species Apiaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[UNPD]
NPO25825 Saussurea lappa Species Asteraceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[UNPD]
NPO6336 Asarum sieboldii Species Aristolochiaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[UNPD]
NPO11578 Aloe vera Species Xanthorrhoeaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[UNPD]
NPO7929 Curcuma zedoaria Species Zingiberaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[UNPD]
NPO13857 Mentha canadensis Species Lamiaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[UNPD]
NPO26589 Artemisia annua L. Strain Asteraceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[UNPD]
NPO15454 Vitex rotundifolia Species Lamiaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[UNPD]
NPO24644 Hansenia forbesii Species Apiaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[UNPD]
NPO8187 Schisandra chinensis Species Schisandraceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[UNPD]
NPO15730 Citrus medica Species Rutaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[UNPD]
NPO163 Daucus carota Species Apiaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[UNPD]
NPO8650.1 Perilla frutescens var. arguta Varieties Lamiaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[UNPD]
NPO8789 Schizonepeta tenuifolia Species Lamiaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[UNPD]

☑ Note for Reference:
In addition to directly collecting NP source organism data from primary literature (where reference will provided as NCBI PMID or DOI links), NPASS also integrated them from below databases:
UNPD: Universal Natural Products Database [PMID: 23638153].
StreptomeDB: a database of streptomycetes natural products [PMID: 33051671].
TM-MC: a database of medicinal materials and chemical compounds in Northeast Asian traditional medicine [PMID: 26156871].
TCM@Taiwan: a Traditional Chinese Medicine database [PMID: 21253603].
TCMID: a Traditional Chinese Medicine database [PMID: 29106634].
TCMSP: The traditional Chinese medicine systems pharmacology database and analysis platform [PMID: 24735618].
HerDing: a herb recommendation system to treat diseases using genes and chemicals [PMID: 26980517].
MetaboLights: a metabolomics database [PMID: 27010336].
FooDB: a database of constituents, chemistry and biology of food species [www.foodb.ca].

  NP Quantity Composition/Concentration

Organism ID NP ID Organism Material Preparation Organism Part NP Quantity (Standard) NP Quantity (Minimum) NP Quantity (Maximum) Quantity Unit Reference

☑ Note for Reference:
In addition to directly collecting NP quantitative data from primary literature (where reference will provided as NCBI PMID or DOI links), NPASS also integrated NP quantitative records for specific NP domains (e.g., NPS from foods or herbs) from domain-specific databases. These databases include:
DUKE: Dr. Duke's Phytochemical and Ethnobotanical Databases.
PHENOL EXPLORER: is the first comprehensive database on polyphenol content in foods [PMID: 24103452], its homepage can be accessed at here.
FooDB: a database of constituents, chemistry and biology of food species [www.foodb.ca].

  Biological Activity

Target ID Target Type Target Name Target Organism Activity Type Activity Relation Value Unit Reference

☑ Note for Activity Records:
☉ The quantitative biological activities were primarily integrated from ChEMBL (Version-30) database and were also directly collected from PubMed literature. PubMed PMID was provided as the reference link for each activity record.

  Chemically structural similarity: I. Similar Active Natural Products in NPASS

Top-200 similar NPs were calculated against the active-NP-set (includes 4,3285 NPs with experimentally-derived bioactivity available in NPASS)

Similarity level is defined by Tanimoto coefficient (Tc) between two molecules. Tc lies between [0, 1] where '1' indicates the highest similarity. What is Tanimoto coefficient

●  The left chart: Distribution of similarity level between NPC160416 and all remaining natural products in the NPASS database.
●  The right table: Most similar natural products (Tc>=0.56 or Top200).

Similarity Score Similarity Level Natural Product ID

  Chemically structural similarity: II. Similar Clinical/Approved Drugs

Similarity level is defined by Tanimoto coefficient (Tc) between two molecules.

●  The left chart: Distribution of similarity level between NPC160416 and all drugs/candidates.
●  The right table: Most similar clinical/approved drugs (Tc>=0.56 or Top200).

Similarity Score Similarity Level Drug ID Developmental Stage

  Bioactivity similarity: Similar Natural Products in NPASS

Bioactivity similarity was calculated based on bioactivity descriptors of compounds. The bioactivity descriptors were calculated by a recently developed AI algorithm Chemical Checker (CC) [Nature Biotechnology, 38:1087–1096, 2020; Nature Communications, 12:3932, 2021], which evaluated bioactivity similarities at five levels:
A: chemistry similarity;
B: biological targets similarity;
C: networks similarity;
D: cell-based bioactivity similarity;
E: similarity based on clinical data.

Those 5 categories of CC bioactivity descriptors were calculated and then subjected to manifold projection using UMAP algorithm, to project all NPs on a 2-Dimensional space. The current NP was highlighted with a small circle in the 2-D map. Below figures: left-to-right, A-to-E.

A: chemistry similarity
B: biological targets similarity
C: networks similarity
D: cell-based bioactivity similarity
E: similarity based on clinical data