Natural Product: NPC137698

Natural Product IDNPC137698
Common Name
?
The InCHIKey will be temporarily assigned as the "Common Name" if no IUPAC name or alternative short name is available.
 GOHYIMBLNWLTCR-OACYRQNASA-N
IUPAC Name n.a.
Synonyms
Synthetic Gene Cluster n.a.
ChEMBL Identifier n.a.
PubChem CID 25262417
Chemical Classification
  • CHEMONTID:0000000 [Organic compounds]
    • [CHEMONTID:0004603] Organic oxygen compounds
      • [CHEMONTID:0000323] Organooxygen compounds
        • [CHEMONTID:0000011] Carbohydrates and carbohydrate conjugates
          • [CHEMONTID:0002105] Glycosyl compounds
            • [CHEMONTID:0004165] Phenolic glycosides

The Chemical Classification was calculated by Classyfire, a software for chemical taxonomy calculation. Reference: DOI:10.1186/s13321-016-0174-y.

  Chemical Representations

Standard InCHIKey GOHYIMBLNWLTCR-OACYRQNASA-N
Standard InCHI InChI=1S/C21H24O13/c1-30-12-5-9(22)6-13(31-2)19(12)34-21-18(28)17(27)16(26)14(33-21)7-32-20(29)8-3-10(23)15(25)11(24)4-8/h3-6,14,16-18,21-28H,7H2,1-2H3/t14-,16-,17+,18-,21+/m1/s1
SMILES COc1cc(cc(c1O[C@H]1[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@@H](COC(=O)c2cc(c(c(c2)O)O)O)O1)O)O)O)OC)O

  Calculated Properties

Physi-Chem Properties

Molecular Weight:   484.12 Volume:   441.921
?
Van der Waals volume.
Dense:   1.095 LogP:   0.409
?
The logarithm of the n-octanol/water distribution coefficients.
logD7.4:   0.966
?
The logarithm of the n-octanol/water distribution coefficient at pH=7.4.
 LogS:   -2.254
?
The logarithm of aqueous solubility value.
Rotatable Bonds:   8.0 Rigid Bonds:   19.0
TPSA:   204.83
?
Topological Polar Surface Area.
 H-Bond Acceptor:   13.0
H-Bond Donor:   7.0 Rings:   3.0
Heavy Atoms:   13.0

MedChem Properties

QED Drug-Likeness Score:   0.197 GASA:   0.0
?
GASA represents the probability of being difficult to synthesize, ranging from 0 to 1.
Synthetic Accessibility Score:   3.897 Fsp3:   0.381
MCE-18:   76.931
?
MCE-18 stands for medicinal chemistry evolution.MCE-18≥45 is considered a suitable value.
 Lipinski Rule-of-5:   Accepted
Pfizer Rule:   Rejected GSK Rule:   Accepted
Golden Triangle Rule:   Rejected BMS Rule:   0
Chelating Alert:   1 PAINS Alert:   1
Colloidal aggregators:   0.499 Fluc inhibitor:   0.064
?
The fluc inhibitor value is the probability of being fLuc inhibitors, within the range of 0 to 1.
Blue fluorescence:   0.107
?
The blue fluorescence value is the probability of being blue fluorescence, within the range of 0 to 1
 Green fluorescence:   0.564
?
The green fluorescence value is the probability of being green fluorescence, within the range of 0 to 1
Reactive compounds:   0.146 Promiscuous compounds:   0.881

ADMET Properties (ADMETlab3.0)

ADMET: Absorption

Caco-2 Permeability:   -6.174 MDCK Permeability:   -5.493
Pgp-inhibitor:   0.0 Pgp-substrate:   0.013
PAMPA:   0.919
?
The experimental data for Peff was logarithmically transformed (logPeff). Molecules with log Peff values below 2.0 were classified as low-permeability (Category 0), while those with log Peff values exceeding 2.5 were classified as high-permeability (Category 1).
 Human Intestinal Absorption (HIA):   0.0
20% Bioavailability (F20%):   0.518 30% Bioavailability (F30%):   0.637
50% Bioavailability (F50%):   0.993

ADMET: Distribution

Blood-Brain-Barrier Penetration (BBB):   0.092 MRP1:   0.998
Plasma Protein Binding (PPB):   76.229% Volume Distribution (VD):   -0.319
Fu: 24.828%
?
The fraction unbound in plasms.
 OATP1B1 inhibitor:   0.991
OATP1B3 inhibitor:   0.999 BCRP inhibitor:   0.172
BSEP inhibitor:   0.01

ADMET: Metabolism

CYP1A2-inhibitor:   0.0 CYP1A2-substrate:   0.0
CYP2C19-inhibitor:   0.0 CYP2C19-substrate:   0.042
CYP2C9-inhibitor:   0.0 CYP2C9-substrate:   0.0
CYP2D6-inhibitor:   0.0 CYP2D6-substrate:   0.119
CYP3A4-inhibitor:   0.0 CYP3A4-substrate:   0.92
CYP2B6-substrate:   0.0 CYP2C8-inhibitor:   1.0
HLM stability:   0.638
?
Human liver microsomal (HLM) stability. Category 0: stable+ (HLM > 30 min); Category 1: unstable- (HLM ≤ 30 min). The output value is the probability of human liver microsomal instability, where a value closer to 1 indicates a higher likelihood of instability.

ADMET: Excretion

Clearance (CL):  4.099 Half-life (T1/2):  3.652

ADMET: Toxicity

hERG Blockers:  0.048 hERG Blockers (10um):  0.712
Human Hepatotoxicity (H-HT):  0.17 Drug-induced Liver Injury (DILI):  0.842
AMES Toxicity:  0.842 Rat Oral Acute Toxicity:  0.019
Maximum Recommended Daily Dose:  0.252 Skin Sensitization:  1.0
Carcinogencity:  0.389 Eye Corrosion:  0.0
Eye Irritation:  0.597 Respiratory Toxicity:  0.015
Drug-induced Neurotoxicity:  0.001 Ototoxicity:  0.968
Hematotoxicity:  0.01 Drug-induced Nephrotoxicity:  0.032
Genotoxicity:  0.807 RPMI-8226 Immunitoxicity:  0.021
A549 Cytotoxicity:  0.924 Hek293 Cytotoxicity:  0.375
BCF:   0.444
?
Bioconcentration factors are used for considering secondary poisoning potential and assessing risks to human health via the food chain. The unit is -log10[(mg/L)/(1000*MW)].
 IGC50:   3.184
?
48 hour Tetrahymena pyriformis IGC50. The unit of IGC50 is -log10[(mg/L)/(1000*MW)].
LC50DM:   4.408
?
48 hour Daphnia magna LC50. The unit of LC50DM is -log10[(mg/L)/(1000*MW)].
 LC50FM:   3.811
?
96 hour fathead minnow LC50. The unit of LC50FM is -log10[(mg/L)/(1000*MW)].

  Species Source

Organism ID Organism Name Taxonomy Level Family SuperKingdom Isolation Part Collection Location Collection Time Reference
NPO25715 Senna siamea Species Fabaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. PMID[10757709]
NPO2130 Ehretia dicksonii Species Ehretiaceae Eukaryota n.a. leaf n.a. PMID[10830513]
NPO2130 Ehretia dicksonii Species Ehretiaceae Eukaryota n.a. twig n.a. PMID[10830513]
NPO2130 Ehretia dicksonii Species Ehretiaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. PMID[10830513]
NPO6774 Khaya senegalensis Species Meliaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. PMID[12193039]
NPO25715 Senna siamea Species Fabaceae Eukaryota n.a. leaf n.a. PMID[17685627]
NPO1103 Dioscorea japonica Species Dioscoreaceae Eukaryota rhizomes n.a. n.a. PMID[21353549]
NPO13504 Lotus japonicus Species Fabaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. PMID[21510636]
NPO25715 Senna siamea Species Fabaceae Eukaryota Stems n.a. n.a. PMID[23078294]
NPO6774 Khaya senegalensis Species Meliaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. PMID[23210623]
NPO25715 Senna siamea Species Fabaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. PMID[23513740]
NPO14089 Hypericum ascyron Species Hypericaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. PMID[30379546]
NPO14089 Hypericum ascyron Species Hypericaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. PMID[31596079]
NPO11882 Cedrus libani Species Pinaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. PMID[32092041]
NPO13076 Cephalaria grossheimii Species Caprifoliaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[COCONUT]
NPO25715 Senna siamea Species Fabaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[COCONUT]
NPO13504 Lotus japonicus Species Fabaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[COCONUT]
NPO14615 Streptomyces paulus Species Streptomycetaceae Bacteria n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[COCONUT]
NPO6179 Aframomum amaniense Species Zingiberaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[COCONUT]
NPO14504 Alectoria divergens Species Parmeliaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[COCONUT]
NPO14200 Aristolochia zollingeriana Species Aristolochiaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[COCONUT]
NPO3199 Balanophora involucrata Species Balanophoraceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[COCONUT]
NPO1661 Bartramia pomiformis Species Bartramiaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[COCONUT]
NPO7752 Beilschmiedia anacardioides Species Lauraceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[COCONUT]
NPO11882 Cedrus libani Species Pinaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[COCONUT]
NPO6774 Khaya senegalensis Species Meliaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[COCONUT]
NPO25774 Virola multinervia Species Myristicaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[COCONUT]
NPO10012 Triaenophora rupestris Species Orobanchaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[COCONUT]
NPO10865 Sextonia rubra Species Lauraceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[COCONUT]
NPO13907 Senecio renardii Species Asteraceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[COCONUT]
NPO14289 Pieris napi Species Pieridae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[COCONUT]
NPO12414 Penicillium paxilli Species Aspergillaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[COCONUT]
NPO7169 Nama hispidum Species Namaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[COCONUT]
NPO13701 Melaleuca rhaphiophylla Species Myrtaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[COCONUT]
NPO3458 Lupinus verbasciformis Species Fabaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[COCONUT]
NPO10389 Larix cajanderi Species Pinaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[COCONUT]
NPO12234 Khaya ivorensis Species Meliaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[COCONUT]
NPO12061 Justicia paniculata Species Acanthaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[COCONUT]
NPO12910 Ixeris stolonifera Species Asteraceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[COCONUT]
NPO12069 Isaria felina Species Cordycipitaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[COCONUT]
NPO14089 Hypericum ascyron Species Hypericaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[COCONUT]
NPO2130 Ehretia dicksonii Species Ehretiaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[COCONUT]
NPO1103 Dioscorea japonica Species Dioscoreaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[COCONUT]
NPO9669 Dictyopteris acrostichoides Species Dictyotaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[COCONUT]
NPO12585 Craspidospermum verticillatum Species Apocynaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[COCONUT]
NPO21498 Coccus ilicis Species Coccidae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[COCONUT]
NPO12754 Cerinthe minor Species Boraginaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[COCONUT]
NPO13907 Senecio renardii Species Asteraceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[HerDing]
NPO1103 Dioscorea japonica Species Dioscoreaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[HerDing]
NPO25774 Virola multinervia Species Myristicaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[HerDing]
NPO14089 Hypericum ascyron Species Hypericaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[HerDing]
NPO3199 Balanophora involucrata Species Balanophoraceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[TCMID]
NPO1103 Dioscorea japonica Species Dioscoreaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[TCMID]
NPO25774 Virola multinervia Species Myristicaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[TCMID]
NPO14089 Hypericum ascyron Species Hypericaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[TCMID]
NPO25715 Senna siamea Species Fabaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[TCMID]
NPO13907 Senecio renardii Species Asteraceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[TCMID]
NPO14089 Hypericum ascyron Species Hypericaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[TCM_Taiwan]
NPO1103 Dioscorea japonica Species Dioscoreaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[TM-MC]
NPO14504 Alectoria divergens Species Parmeliaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[UNPD]
NPO14200 Aristolochia zollingeriana Species Aristolochiaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[UNPD]
NPO13504 Lotus japonicus Species Fabaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[UNPD]
NPO14089 Hypericum ascyron Species Hypericaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[UNPD]
NPO12910 Ixeris stolonifera Species Asteraceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[UNPD]
NPO13907 Senecio renardii Species Asteraceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[UNPD]
NPO1661 Bartramia pomiformis Species Bartramiaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[UNPD]
NPO12069 Isaria felina Species Cordycipitaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[UNPD]
NPO13701 Melaleuca rhaphiophylla Species Myrtaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[UNPD]
NPO25715 Senna siamea Species Fabaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[UNPD]
NPO1103 Dioscorea japonica Species Dioscoreaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[UNPD]
NPO12414 Penicillium paxilli Species Aspergillaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[UNPD]
NPO25774 Virola multinervia Species Myristicaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[UNPD]
NPO3199 Balanophora involucrata Species Balanophoraceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[UNPD]
NPO2130 Ehretia dicksonii Species Ehretiaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[UNPD]
NPO9669 Dictyopteris acrostichoides Species Dictyotaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[UNPD]
NPO3458 Lupinus verbasciformis Species Fabaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[UNPD]
NPO21498 Coccus ilicis Species Coccidae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[UNPD]
NPO6179 Aframomum amaniense Species Zingiberaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[UNPD]
NPO12585 Craspidospermum verticillatum Species Apocynaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[UNPD]
NPO12061 Justicia paniculata Species Acanthaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[UNPD]
NPO13076 Cephalaria grossheimii Species Caprifoliaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[UNPD]
NPO6774 Khaya senegalensis Species Meliaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[UNPD]
NPO12234 Khaya ivorensis Species Meliaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[UNPD]
NPO14615 Streptomyces paulus Species Streptomycetaceae Bacteria n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[UNPD]
NPO12754 Cerinthe minor Species Boraginaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[UNPD]
NPO11882 Cedrus libani Species Pinaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[UNPD]
NPO10865 Sextonia rubra Species Lauraceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[UNPD]
NPO10389 Larix cajanderi Species Pinaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[UNPD]
NPO7752 Beilschmiedia anacardioides Species Lauraceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[UNPD]
NPO7169 Nama hispidum Species Namaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[UNPD]
NPO10012 Triaenophora rupestris Species Orobanchaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[UNPD]
NPO14289 Pieris napi Species Pieridae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[UNPD]

Note for Reference:
In addition to directly collecting NP source organism data from primary literature (where reference will provided as NCBI PMID or DOI links), NPASS also integrated them from below databases:
☉ UNPD: Universal Natural Products Database [PMID: 23638153].
☉ StreptomeDB: a database of streptomycetes natural products [PMID: 33051671].
☉ TM-MC: a database of medicinal materials and chemical compounds in Northeast Asian traditional medicine [PMID: 26156871].
☉ TCM@Taiwan: a Traditional Chinese Medicine database [PMID: 21253603].
☉ TCMID: a Traditional Chinese Medicine database [PMID: 29106634].
☉ TCMSP: The traditional Chinese medicine systems pharmacology database and analysis platform [PMID: 24735618].
☉ HerDing: a herb recommendation system to treat diseases using genes and chemicals [PMID: 26980517].
☉ MetaboLights: a metabolomics database [PMID: 27010336].
☉ FooDB: a database of constituents, chemistry and biology of food species [www.foodb.ca].



  NP Quantity Composition/Concentration

Organism ID Organism Name Organism Material Preparation Organism Part NP Quantity (Standard) NP Quantity (Minimum) NP Quantity (Maximum) Quantity Unit Reference

Note for Reference:
In addition to directly collecting NP quantitative data from primary literature (where reference will provided as NCBI PMID or DOI links), NPASS also integrated NP quantitative records for specific NP domains (e.g., NPS from foods or herbs) from domain-specific databases. These databases include:
☉ DUKE: Dr. Duke's Phytochemical and Ethnobotanical Databases.
☉ PHENOL EXPLORER: is the first comprehensive database on polyphenol content in foods [PMID: 24103452], its homepage can be accessed at here.
☉ FooDB: a database of constituents, chemistry and biology of food species [www.foodb.ca].



 Biological Activity

Molecular-level activity

Target ID Target Type Target Name Target Organism Activity Type Activity Relation Value Unit Reference

In vitro activity

Target ID Target Type Target Name Target Organism Activity Type Activity Relation Value Unit Reference

In vivo activity

Target ID Target Type Target Name Target Organism Activity Type Activity Relation Value Unit Reference





 Experimental ADME

Experiment Model Experiment Tissue ADME Type ADME Relation ADME Value ADME Unit Reference





 Experimental Toxicity

Quantitative toxicity

Experiment Model Experiment Organism Toxicity Type Toxicity Relation Toxicity Value Toxicity Unit Reference

Common Abbreviations:
LC: Lethal Concentration; LD: Lethal Dose; LT:Lethal Time; NOAEL: No-observed-adverse-effect Level; BMDL: Benchmark Dose Lower Confidence Limit; BMD: Benchmark Dose; BMC:Benchmark Concentration; LOAEL: Lowest Observed Adverse Effect Level; RfD:Reference Dose; RfC:Reference Concentration; MRL: Minimal Risk Level; MEG: Maximum Exposure Guideline; PAC: Protective Action Criteria

Categorical toxicity labels

Hepatotoxicity Carcinogenicity Mutagenicity Cardiotoxicity Respiratory Toxicity Eye Irritation Endocrine Disruption
Hepatotoxicity Carcinogenicity Mutagenicity Cardiotoxicity Respiratory Toxicity Eye Irritation Endocrine Disruption

Note for Reference:
In addition to directly collecting NP quantitative data from primary literature (where reference will provided as NCBI PMID or DOI links), NPASS also integrated NP toxicity records from domain-specific databases. These databases include:
☉ ToxValDB: a curated database that compiles quantitative toxicity values for chemicals from diverse public sources to support toxicological research and risk assessment.
☉ TOXRIC: a comprehensive, free-to-access, online database providing toxicological/feature data. The toxicity labels are retrieved from this database. [PMID: 36400569]


  Chemically structural similarity

Similar Active Natural Products in NPASS

Top-200 similar NPs were calculated against the active-NP-set (includes approximately 50,000 NPs with experimentally-derived bioactivity available in NPASS)

Similarity is measured using the Tanimoto coefficient (Tc) , which compares the binary fingerprints of two molecules. Tc is calculated as the intersection divided by the union of '1' bits in the fingerprints, ranging from 0 to 1, with 1 indicating highest similarity.

●  The left chart: Distribution of similarity level between NPC137698 and all remaining natural products in the NPASS database.
●  The right table: Most similar natural products (Tc>=0.5 or Top200).

Similarity Score Similarity Level Natural Product ID
0.7903 Intermediate Similarity NPC166277
0.75 Intermediate Similarity NPC472859
0.7302 Intermediate Similarity NPC484156
0.7121 Intermediate Similarity NPC25389
0.7059 Intermediate Similarity NPC160780
0.6866 Remote Similarity NPC1913
0.6447 Remote Similarity NPC33298
0.6351 Remote Similarity NPC289346
0.6129 Remote Similarity NPC92117
0.6056 Remote Similarity NPC119125
0.6049 Remote Similarity NPC479369
0.5897 Remote Similarity NPC479375
0.5875 Remote Similarity NPC105591
0.5867 Remote Similarity NPC102851
0.5833 Remote Similarity NPC215811
0.5833 Remote Similarity NPC4958
0.5811 Remote Similarity NPC311803
0.5735 Remote Similarity NPC65833
0.5513 Remote Similarity NPC472860
0.5513 Remote Similarity NPC484816
0.5484 Remote Similarity NPC152722
0.5395 Remote Similarity NPC327032
0.5395 Remote Similarity NPC197708
0.5393 Remote Similarity NPC486577
0.5342 Remote Similarity NPC111785
0.5312 Remote Similarity NPC229036
0.5278 Remote Similarity NPC4013
0.527 Remote Similarity NPC140151
0.5238 Remote Similarity NPC225036
0.519 Remote Similarity NPC5786
0.5161 Remote Similarity NPC67629
0.5161 Remote Similarity NPC79736
0.5152 Remote Similarity NPC44260
0.5122 Remote Similarity NPC279281
0.5111 Remote Similarity NPC37668
0.5111 Remote Similarity NPC270448
0.5106 Remote Similarity NPC267549
0.506 Remote Similarity NPC478797

Similar Clinical/Approved Drugs

Similarity level is defined by Tanimoto coefficient (Tc) between two molecules.

●  The left chart: Distribution of similarity level between NPC137698 and all drugs/candidates.
●  The right table: Most similar clinical/approved drugs (Tc>=0.5 or Top200).

Similarity Score Similarity Level Drug ID Developmental Stage
NPD

Bioactivity similarity

  Bioactivity similarity

Similar Natural Products in NPASS

Similarity level is defined by Bioactivity similarity was calculated based on bioactivity descriptors of compounds. The bioactivity descriptors were calculated by a recently developed AI algorithm Chemical Checker (CC) [Nature Biotechnology, 38:1087–1096, 2020; Nature Communications, 12:3932, 2021], which evaluated bioactivity similarities at five levels:
☉ A: chemistry similarity;
☉ B: biological targets similarity;
☉ C: networks similarity;
☉ D: cell-based bioactivity similarity;
☉ E: similarity based on clinical data.
Those 5 categories of CC bioactivity descriptors were calculated and then subjected to manifold projection using UMAP algorithm, to project all NPs on a 2-Dimensional space. The current NP was highlighted with a small circle in the 2-D map. Below figures: left-to-right, A-to-E.

A: chemistry similarity
B: biological targets similarity
C: networks similarity
D: cell-based bioactivity similarity
E: similarity based on clinical data