NPASS Compound

Natural Product: NPC106402

Natural Product ID	NPC106402
Common Name ? The InCHIKey will be temporarily assigned as the "Common Name" if no IUPAC name or alternative short name is available.	KEECBJMOPMMMOY-UMSFTDKQSA-N
IUPAC Name	n.a.
Synonyms
Synthetic Gene Cluster	n.a.
ChEMBL Identifier	n.a.
PubChem CID	n.a.
Chemical Classification	CHEMONTID:0000000 [Organic compounds] [CHEMONTID:0000002] Organoheterocyclic compounds [CHEMONTID:0000050] Lactones [CHEMONTID:0001245] Gamma butyrolactones

The Chemical Classification was calculated by Classyfire, a software for chemical taxonomy calculation. Reference: DOI:10.1186/s13321-016-0174-y.

Chemical Representations

RDKit 3D 105105 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0999 V2000 11.8460 -2.6718 -1.2320 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 12.4246 -3.4918 -0.1295 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 11.5133 -4.1056 0.8203 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 10.7313 -3.4482 1.8452 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 9.8283 -2.3290 1.5083 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 10.4546 -1.0065 1.2343 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 9.4055 0.0326 0.8543 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 8.6717 -0.3743 -0.3698 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 7.6671 0.6519 -0.8128 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 6.6708 0.8664 0.3326 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 5.6826 1.8882 -0.2062 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4.6696 2.2114 0.8356 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3.6455 3.2169 0.3509 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2.8462 2.7235 -0.8230 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1.8512 3.6819 -1.3367 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.8000 4.1801 -0.4456 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -0.1416 3.2400 0.1836 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -0.9770 2.4021 -0.7080 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -1.9401 1.4989 0.0273 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -2.9163 2.2724 0.8755 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -3.7263 3.2131 0.0878 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -4.5137 2.6937 -1.0232 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -5.5952 1.7473 -1.0053 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -5.6125 0.3339 -0.7203 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -5.1951 -0.3089 0.5228 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -5.4678 -1.8392 0.4487 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -6.9258 -2.0913 0.2202 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -7.7274 -1.4661 1.3324 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -9.2321 -1.6909 1.0465 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -9.5585 -3.1293 1.0014 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -10.9788 -3.4508 0.8182 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -11.7220 -3.0299 -0.3745 C 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -11.9083 -1.5960 -0.6749 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -11.2968 -1.3000 -2.0029 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -10.6744 -2.5912 -2.3859 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -9.8380 -2.7544 -3.3137 O 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -11.1439 -3.5914 -1.5794 O 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 12.3555 -1.6898 -1.2818 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 10.7595 -2.4914 -1.1608 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 12.0861 -3.1382 -2.2405 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 13.2012 -2.9016 0.4416 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 13.0640 -4.3129 -0.5903 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 12.0364 -5.0349 1.3137 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 10.7279 -4.7075 0.1737 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 11.4085 -3.1309 2.7306 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 10.1100 -4.2581 2.4070 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 9.1097 -2.2321 2.3923 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 9.1201 -2.6284 0.6773 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 11.2631 -0.9070 0.5597 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 10.8070 -0.5858 2.2743 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 9.8758 1.0198 0.6511 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 8.7531 0.1497 1.7482 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 8.1509 -1.3430 -0.3271 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 9.4328 -0.4440 -1.1975 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 8.2040 1.6058 -1.0668 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 7.1665 0.3127 -1.7213 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 7.1310 1.2726 1.2338 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 6.2262 -0.1099 0.5336 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 5.2701 1.5843 -1.1736 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 6.2889 2.8118 -0.3956 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4.1879 1.2950 1.2609 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 5.1592 2.7093 1.7280 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4.2168 4.1363 0.1245 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2.9712 3.4222 1.2031 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3.5954 2.5531 -1.6576 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2.4512 1.7099 -0.6126 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2.4189 4.5911 -1.7066 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1.3854 3.2838 -2.2673 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1.1819 4.8653 0.3696 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.1708 4.8987 -1.0639 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.3675 2.6039 0.9673 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -0.8564 3.8694 0.7948 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -1.5415 3.0041 -1.4230 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -0.2756 1.6933 -1.2467 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -1.4241 0.7547 0.6341 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -2.5348 0.9661 -0.7488 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -3.5172 1.6111 1.4784 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -2.3167 2.8428 1.6846 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -4.4769 3.6696 0.8472 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -3.1158 4.1316 -0.2228 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -4.8526 3.6644 -1.6064 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -3.7867 2.3059 -1.8612 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -6.0558 1.8182 -2.0976 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -6.5439 2.2517 -0.4779 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -5.1502 -0.1957 -1.6317 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -6.7179 -0.0018 -0.8723 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -4.0538 -0.3338 0.6257 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -5.5820 0.0351 1.4669 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -5.2103 -2.2327 1.4400 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -4.8312 -2.2856 -0.3289 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -7.3118 -1.8464 -0.7727 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -7.0473 -3.2182 0.2852 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -7.5659 -1.9973 2.3082 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -7.5866 -0.3884 1.4186 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -9.7941 -1.0653 1.7398 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -9.4008 -1.2850 0.0060 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -9.0035 -3.6358 0.1476 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -9.1129 -3.6331 1.9117 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -11.0690 -4.5837 0.9763 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -11.5853 -3.0641 1.7242 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -12.7643 -3.5275 -0.3344 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -13.0356 -1.3839 -0.8155 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -11.5660 -0.9067 0.1131 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -10.5359 -0.4834 -1.9353 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -12.0486 -1.0217 -2.7564 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 2 1 0 2 3 1 0 3 4 1 0 4 5 1 0 5 6 1 0 6 7 1 0 7 8 1 0 8 9 1 0 9 10 1 0 10 11 1 0 11 12 1 0 12 13 1 0 13 14 1 0 14 15 1 0 15 16 1 0 16 17 1 0 17 18 1 0 18 19 1 0 19 20 1 0 20 21 1 0 21 22 1 0 22 23 1 0 23 24 1 0 24 25 1 0 25 26 1 0 26 27 1 0 27 28 1 0 28 29 1 0 29 30 1 0 30 31 1 0 31 32 1 0 32 33 1 0 33 34 1 0 34 35 1 0 35 36 2 0 35 37 1 0 37 32 1 0 1 38 1 0 1 39 1 0 1 40 1 0 2 41 1 0 2 42 1 0 3 43 1 0 3 44 1 0 4 45 1 0 4 46 1 0 5 47 1 0 5 48 1 0 6 49 1 0 6 50 1 0 7 51 1 0 7 52 1 0 8 53 1 0 8 54 1 0 9 55 1 0 9 56 1 0 10 57 1 0 10 58 1 0 11 59 1 0 11 60 1 0 12 61 1 0 12 62 1 0 13 63 1 0 13 64 1 0 14 65 1 0 14 66 1 0 15 67 1 0 15 68 1 0 16 69 1 0 16 70 1 0 17 71 1 0 17 72 1 0 18 73 1 0 18 74 1 0 19 75 1 0 19 76 1 0 20 77 1 0 20 78 1 0 21 79 1 0 21 80 1 0 22 81 1 0 22 82 1 0 23 83 1 0 23 84 1 0 24 85 1 0 24 86 1 0 25 87 1 0 25 88 1 0 26 89 1 0 26 90 1 0 27 91 1 0 27 92 1 0 28 93 1 0 28 94 1 0 29 95 1 0 29 96 1 0 30 97 1 0 30 98 1 0 31 99 1 0 31100 1 0 32101 1 1 33102 1 0 33103 1 0 34104 1 0 34105 1 0 M END

Standard InCHIKey	KEECBJMOPMMMOY-UMSFTDKQSA-N
Standard InCHI	InChI=1S/C35H68O2/c1-2-3-4-5-6-7-8-9-10-11-12-13-14-15-16-17-18-19-20-21-22-23-24-25-26-27-28-29-30-31-34-32-33-35(36)37-34/h34H,2-33H2,1H3/t34-/m0/s1
SMILES	CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC[C@H]1CCC(=O)O1

Calculated Properties

Physi-Chem Properties

Molecular Weight:	520.52	Volume:	620.303 ? Van der Waals volume.
Dense:	0.839	LogP:	7.953 ? The logarithm of the n-octanol/water distribution coefficients.
logD7.4:	4.598 ? The logarithm of the n-octanol/water distribution coefficient at pH=7.4.	LogS:	-7.496 ? The logarithm of aqueous solubility value.
Rotatable Bonds:	30.0	Rigid Bonds:	6.0
TPSA:	26.3 ? Topological Polar Surface Area.	H-Bond Acceptor:	2.0
H-Bond Donor:	0.0	Rings:	1.0
Heavy Atoms:	2.0

MedChem Properties

QED Drug-Likeness Score:	0.069	GASA:	0.0 ? GASA represents the probability of being difficult to synthesize, ranging from 0 to 1.
Synthetic Accessibility Score:	2.693	Fsp³:	0.971
MCE-18:	10.435 ? MCE-18 stands for medicinal chemistry evolution.MCE-18≥45 is considered a suitable value.	Lipinski Rule-of-5:	Accepted
Pfizer Rule:	Accepted	GSK Rule:	Accepted
Golden Triangle Rule:	Accepted	BMS Rule:	1
Chelating Alert:	0	PAINS Alert:	0
Colloidal aggregators:	0.647	Fluc inhibitor:	0.341 ? The fluc inhibitor value is the probability of being fLuc inhibitors, within the range of 0 to 1.
Blue fluorescence:	0.001 ? The blue fluorescence value is the probability of being blue fluorescence, within the range of 0 to 1	Green fluorescence:	0.017 ? The green fluorescence value is the probability of being green fluorescence, within the range of 0 to 1
Reactive compounds:	0.985	Promiscuous compounds:	0.393

ADMET Properties (ADMETlab3.0)

ADMET: Absorption

Caco-2 Permeability:	-5.096	MDCK Permeability:	-5.021
Pgp-inhibitor:	0.001	Pgp-substrate:	0.014
PAMPA:	0.0 ? The experimental data for Peff was logarithmically transformed (logPeff). Molecules with log Peff values below 2.0 were classified as low-permeability (Category 0), while those with log Peff values exceeding 2.5 were classified as high-permeability (Category 1).	Human Intestinal Absorption (HIA):	0.997
20% Bioavailability (F20%):	1.0	30% Bioavailability (F30%):	1.0
50% Bioavailability (F50%):	0.999

ADMET: Distribution

Blood-Brain-Barrier Penetration (BBB):	0.0	MRP1:	0.998
Plasma Protein Binding (PPB):	105.335%	Volume Distribution (VD):	2.989
Fu:	0.077% ? The fraction unbound in plasms.	OATP1B1 inhibitor:	0.943
OATP1B3 inhibitor:	1.0	BCRP inhibitor:	1.0
BSEP inhibitor:	0.966

ADMET: Metabolism

CYP1A2-inhibitor:	0.018	CYP1A2-substrate:	0.821
CYP2C19-inhibitor:	0.241	CYP2C19-substrate:	0.001
CYP2C9-inhibitor:	0.724	CYP2C9-substrate:	0.001
CYP2D6-inhibitor:	0.803	CYP2D6-substrate:	0.827
CYP3A4-inhibitor:	0.018	CYP3A4-substrate:	0.902
CYP2B6-substrate:	0.888	CYP2C8-inhibitor:	1.0
HLM stability:	0.527 ? Human liver microsomal (HLM) stability. Category 0: stable+ (HLM > 30 min); Category 1: unstable- (HLM ≤ 30 min). The output value is the probability of human liver microsomal instability, where a value closer to 1 indicates a higher likelihood of instability.

ADMET: Excretion

Clearance (CL):

3.988

Half-life (T1/2):

4.738

ADMET: Toxicity

hERG Blockers:	0.872	hERG Blockers (10um):	0.956
Human Hepatotoxicity (H-HT):	0.563	Drug-induced Liver Injury (DILI):	0.273
AMES Toxicity:	0.012	Rat Oral Acute Toxicity:	0.048
Maximum Recommended Daily Dose:	0.388	Skin Sensitization:	1.0
Carcinogencity:	0.194	Eye Corrosion:	0.992
Eye Irritation:	0.999	Respiratory Toxicity:	0.989
Drug-induced Neurotoxicity:	0.003	Ototoxicity:	0.062
Hematotoxicity:	0.078	Drug-induced Nephrotoxicity:	0.231
Genotoxicity:	0.0	RPMI-8226 Immunitoxicity:	0.046
A549 Cytotoxicity:	0.988	Hek293 Cytotoxicity:	0.161
BCF:	-0.729 ? Bioconcentration factors are used for considering secondary poisoning potential and assessing risks to human health via the food chain. The unit is -log10[(mg/L)/(1000*MW)].	IGC50:	4.671 ? 48 hour Tetrahymena pyriformis IGC50. The unit of IGC50 is -log10[(mg/L)/(1000*MW)].
LC50DM:	6.803 ? 48 hour Daphnia magna LC50. The unit of LC50DM is -log10[(mg/L)/(1000*MW)].	LC50FM:	3.124 ? 96 hour fathead minnow LC50. The unit of LC50FM is -log10[(mg/L)/(1000*MW)].

Species Source

Organism ID	Organism Name	Taxonomy Level	Family	SuperKingdom	Isolation Part	Collection Location	Collection Time	Reference
NPO9785	Dictyota binghamiae	Species	Dictyotaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[COCONUT]
NPO7334	Embelia barbeyana	Species	Primulaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[HerDing]
NPO7334	Embelia barbeyana	Species	Primulaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[TCMID]
NPO10775	Verbascum fruticulosum	Species	Scrophulariaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[UNPD]
NPO28130	Neonotonia wightii	Species	Fabaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[UNPD]
NPO3007	Heliotropium bovei	Species	Heliotropiaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[UNPD]
NPO7334	Embelia barbeyana	Species	Primulaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[UNPD]
NPO9785	Dictyota binghamiae	Species	Dictyotaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[UNPD]
NPO7867	Cytisus caramanicus	Species	Fabaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[UNPD]

Note for Reference:
In addition to directly collecting NP source organism data from primary literature (where reference will provided as NCBI PMID or DOI links), NPASS also integrated them from below databases:
☉ UNPD: Universal Natural Products Database [PMID: 23638153].
☉ StreptomeDB: a database of streptomycetes natural products [PMID: 33051671].
☉ TM-MC: a database of medicinal materials and chemical compounds in Northeast Asian traditional medicine [PMID: 26156871].
☉ TCM@Taiwan: a Traditional Chinese Medicine database [PMID: 21253603].
☉ TCMID: a Traditional Chinese Medicine database [PMID: 29106634].
☉ TCMSP: The traditional Chinese medicine systems pharmacology database and analysis platform [PMID: 24735618].
☉ HerDing: a herb recommendation system to treat diseases using genes and chemicals [PMID: 26980517].
☉ MetaboLights: a metabolomics database [PMID: 27010336].
☉ FooDB: a database of constituents, chemistry and biology of food species [www.foodb.ca].

NP Quantity Composition/Concentration

Organism ID	Organism Name	Organism Material Preparation	Organism Part	NP Quantity (Standard)	NP Quantity (Minimum)	NP Quantity (Maximum)	Quantity Unit	Reference

Note for Reference:
In addition to directly collecting NP quantitative data from primary literature (where reference will provided as NCBI PMID or DOI links), NPASS also integrated NP quantitative records for specific NP domains (e.g., NPS from foods or herbs) from domain-specific databases. These databases include:
☉ DUKE: Dr. Duke's Phytochemical and Ethnobotanical Databases.
☉ PHENOL EXPLORER: is the first comprehensive database on polyphenol content in foods [PMID: 24103452], its homepage can be accessed at here.
☉ FooDB: a database of constituents, chemistry and biology of food species [www.foodb.ca].

Biological Activity

Molecular-level activity

Target ID	Target Type	Target Name	Target Organism	Activity Type	Activity Relation	Value	Unit	Reference

In vitro activity

Target ID	Target Type	Target Name	Target Organism	Activity Type	Activity Relation	Value	Unit	Reference

In vivo activity

Target ID	Target Type	Target Name	Target Organism	Activity Type	Activity Relation	Value	Unit	Reference

Experimental ADME

Experiment Model	Experiment Tissue	ADME Type	ADME Relation	ADME Value	ADME Unit	Reference

Experimental Toxicity

Quantitative toxicity

Experiment Model	Experiment Organism	Toxicity Type	Toxicity Relation	Toxicity Value	Toxicity Unit	Reference

Common Abbreviations:
LC: Lethal Concentration; LD: Lethal Dose; LT:Lethal Time; NOAEL: No-observed-adverse-effect Level; BMDL: Benchmark Dose Lower Confidence Limit; BMD: Benchmark Dose; BMC:Benchmark Concentration; LOAEL: Lowest Observed Adverse Effect Level; RfD:Reference Dose; RfC:Reference Concentration; MRL: Minimal Risk Level; MEG: Maximum Exposure Guideline; PAC: Protective Action Criteria

Categorical toxicity labels

Hepatotoxicity	Carcinogenicity	Mutagenicity	Cardiotoxicity	Respiratory Toxicity	Eye Irritation	Endocrine Disruption

Note for Reference:
In addition to directly collecting NP quantitative data from primary literature (where reference will provided as NCBI PMID or DOI links), NPASS also integrated NP toxicity records from domain-specific databases. These databases include:
☉ ToxValDB: a curated database that compiles quantitative toxicity values for chemicals from diverse public sources to support toxicological research and risk assessment.
☉ TOXRIC: a comprehensive, free-to-access, online database providing toxicological/feature data. The toxicity labels are retrieved from this database. [PMID: 36400569]

Chemically structural similarity

Similar Active Natural Products in NPASS

Top-200 similar NPs were calculated against the active-NP-set (includes approximately 50,000 NPs with experimentally-derived bioactivity available in NPASS)

Similarity is measured using the Tanimoto coefficient (Tc) , which compares the binary fingerprints of two molecules. Tc is calculated as the intersection divided by the union of '1' bits in the fingerprints, ranging from 0 to 1, with 1 indicating highest similarity.

● The left chart: Distribution of similarity level between NPC106402 and all remaining natural products in the NPASS database.
● The right table: Most similar natural products (Tc>=0.5 or Top200).

range	Tanimoto Coefficient
0-0.1	23738
0.1-0.2	23033
0.2-0.3	2605
0.3-0.4	391
0.4-0.5	60
0.5-0.6	16
0.6-0.7	5
0.7-0.8	0
0.8-0.85	1
0.85-0.9	1
0.9-0.95	1
0.95-1	4

Similarity Score	Similarity Level	Natural Product ID
1.0	High Similarity	NPC63182
1.0	High Similarity	NPC145045
1.0	High Similarity	NPC52700
0.95	High Similarity	NPC105329
0.9091	High Similarity	NPC603863
0.8571	High Similarity	NPC273545
0.8182	Intermediate Similarity	NPC326957
0.7619	Intermediate Similarity	NPC176500
0.7143	Intermediate Similarity	NPC94368
0.6667	Remote Similarity	NPC47363
0.6667	Remote Similarity	NPC287231
0.6667	Remote Similarity	NPC314084
0.6207	Remote Similarity	NPC489810
0.6	Remote Similarity	NPC478976
0.5517	Remote Similarity	NPC23155
0.5455	Remote Similarity	NPC321699
0.5333	Remote Similarity	NPC609089
0.5294	Remote Similarity	NPC481557
0.5294	Remote Similarity	NPC481560
0.5294	Remote Similarity	NPC481652
0.5294	Remote Similarity	NPC481651
0.52	Remote Similarity	NPC201622
0.52	Remote Similarity	NPC305660
0.52	Remote Similarity	NPC12156
0.52	Remote Similarity	NPC161097
0.52	Remote Similarity	NPC28598
0.52	Remote Similarity	NPC22903
0.52	Remote Similarity	NPC54980
0.5161	Remote Similarity	NPC55678
0.5143	Remote Similarity	NPC470436

Similar Clinical/Approved Drugs

Similarity level is defined by Tanimoto coefficient (Tc) between two molecules.

● The left chart: Distribution of similarity level between NPC106402 and all drugs/candidates.
● The right table: Most similar clinical/approved drugs (Tc>=0.5 or Top200).

range	Tanimoto Coefficient
0-0.1	6700
0.1-0.2	2260
0.2-0.3	175
0.3-0.4	10
0.4-0.5	3
0.5-0.6	1
0.6-0.7	1
0.7-0.8	0
0.8-0.85	0
0.85-0.9	0
0.9-0.95	0
0.95-1	0

Similarity Score	Similarity Level	Drug ID	Developmental Stage
0.6667	Remote Similarity	NPD2699	Pre-clinical
0.5161	Remote Similarity	NPD6125	Phase 4

Bioactivity similarity

Similar Natural Products in NPASS

Similarity level is defined by Bioactivity similarity was calculated based on bioactivity descriptors of compounds. The bioactivity descriptors were calculated by a recently developed AI algorithm Chemical Checker (CC) [Nature Biotechnology, 38:1087–1096, 2020; Nature Communications, 12:3932, 2021], which evaluated bioactivity similarities at five levels:
☉ A: chemistry similarity;
☉ B: biological targets similarity;
☉ C: networks similarity;
☉ D: cell-based bioactivity similarity;
☉ E: similarity based on clinical data.
Those 5 categories of CC bioactivity descriptors were calculated and then subjected to manifold projection using UMAP algorithm, to project all NPs on a 2-Dimensional space. The current NP was highlighted with a small circle in the 2-D map. Below figures: left-to-right, A-to-E.

A: chemistry similarity

B: biological targets similarity

C: networks similarity

D: cell-based bioactivity similarity

E: similarity based on clinical data