Collective Molecular Activities of the Plant: Echinacea Pallida
Country/Region:
United States; CanadaTraditional Medicine System:
Medicinal Functions:
Adaptogen; Alterative; Antiseptic; Appetizer; Depurative; Diaphoretic; Digestive; Sialagogue
Canada; United States; Georgia
See the Plant Occurrence Worldwide with Latitude and Longitude Available
Overview of Ingredients
92 All known Ingredients in Total
Unique ingredients have been isolated from this plant.Plant-Ingredients Associations were manually curated from publications or collected from other databases.
39 Ingredients with Acceptable Bioavailablity
Unique ingredients exhibit acceptable human oral bioavailablity, according to the criteria of SwissADME [PMID: 28256516] and HobPre [PMID: 34991690]. The criteria details:SwissADME: six descriptors are used by SwissADME to evaluate the oral bioavailability of a natural product:
☑ LIPO(Lipophility): -0.7 < XLOGP3 < +5.0
☑ SIZE: 150g/mol < MW < 500g/mol
☑ POLAR(Polarity): 20Ų < TPSA < 130Ų
☑ INSOLU(Insolubility): -6 < Log S (ESOL) < 0
☑ INSATU(Insaturation): 0.25 < Fraction Csp3 < 1
☑ FLEX(Flexibility): 0 < Num. rotatable bonds < 9
If 6 descriptors of a natural plant satisfy the above rules, it will be labeled high HOB.
HobPre: A natural plant ingredient with HobPre score >0.5 is labeled high human oral availability (HOB)
32 Ingredients with experimental-derived Activity
Unique ingredients have activity data available.Ingredient Structrual Cards
Ingredient ID: NPC98106
Ingredient ID: NPC95866
Ingredient ID: NPC95083
Ingredient ID: NPC93953
Ingredient ID: NPC91493
Ingredient ID: NPC86856
Ingredient ID: NPC8659
Ingredient ID: NPC85813
Ingredient ID: NPC84324
Ingredient ID: NPC84255
Ingredient ID: NPC80690
Ingredient ID: NPC80286
Ingredient ID: NPC78263
Ingredient ID: NPC74604
Ingredient ID: NPC72406
Ingredient ID: NPC72077
Ingredient ID: NPC71106
Ingredient ID: NPC70936
Ingredient ID: NPC66618
Ingredient ID: NPC66087
Ingredient ID: NPC56028
Ingredient ID: NPC53292
Ingredient ID: NPC5319
Ingredient ID: NPC50898
Ingredient ID: NPC50775
Ingredient ID: NPC49975
Ingredient ID: NPC4713
Ingredient ID: NPC45479
Ingredient ID: NPC37250
Ingredient ID: NPC35704
Ingredient ID: NPC34544
Ingredient ID: NPC317
Ingredient ID: NPC311484
Ingredient ID: NPC311256
Ingredient ID: NPC304870
Ingredient ID: NPC304476
Ingredient ID: NPC303625
Ingredient ID: NPC303402
Ingredient ID: NPC301377
Ingredient ID: NPC300003
Ingredient ID: NPC299856
Ingredient ID: NPC288131
Ingredient ID: NPC281131
Ingredient ID: NPC279121
Ingredient ID: NPC278419
Ingredient ID: NPC273633
Ingredient ID: NPC273436
Ingredient ID: NPC263367
Ingredient ID: NPC262826
Ingredient ID: NPC25675
Ingredient ID: NPC251178
Ingredient ID: NPC244983
Ingredient ID: NPC244881
Ingredient ID: NPC243702
Ingredient ID: NPC242149
Ingredient ID: NPC240769
Ingredient ID: NPC239385
Ingredient ID: NPC232187
Ingredient ID: NPC229863
Ingredient ID: NPC22150
Ingredient ID: NPC221288
Ingredient ID: NPC219053
Ingredient ID: NPC218943
Ingredient ID: NPC20791
Ingredient ID: NPC206457
Ingredient ID: NPC200785
Ingredient ID: NPC199048
Ingredient ID: NPC194836
Ingredient ID: NPC193375
Ingredient ID: NPC188210
Ingredient ID: NPC173637
Ingredient ID: NPC172158
Ingredient ID: NPC167983
Ingredient ID: NPC1587
Ingredient ID: NPC145858
Ingredient ID: NPC145720
Ingredient ID: NPC131745
Ingredient ID: NPC13143
Ingredient ID: NPC130686
Ingredient ID: NPC128563
Ingredient ID: NPC126797
Ingredient ID: NPC126714
Ingredient ID: NPC123470
Ingredient ID: NPC12063
Ingredient ID: NPC120464
Ingredient ID: NPC118495
Ingredient ID: NPC116775
Ingredient ID: NPC113163
Ingredient ID: NPC111929
Ingredient ID: NPC106367
Ingredient ID: NPC104340
Ingredient ID: NPC101731
Classification of Human Proteins Collectively Targeted by the Plant
Detailed Information of Target Proteins
| Target Type | Protein Class | Gene ID | Protein Name | Uniprot ID | Target ChEMBL ID |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cytochrome P450 | Cytochrome P450 family 1 | CYP1A2 | Cytochrome P450 1A2 | P05177 | CHEMBL3356 |
| Cytochrome P450 | Cytochrome P450 family 1 | CYP1A1 | Cytochrome P450 1A1 | P04798 | CHEMBL2231 |
| Cytochrome P450 | Cytochrome P450 family 1 | CYP1B1 | Cytochrome P450 1B1 | Q16678 | CHEMBL4878 |
| Therapeutic Target | Enzyme | POLB | DNA polymerase beta | P06746 | CHEMBL2392 |
| Therapeutic Target | Enzyme | NOX4 | NADPH oxidase 4 | Q9NPH5 | CHEMBL1250375 |
| Therapeutic Target | Enzyme | AKR1C3 | Aldo-keto-reductase family 1 member C3 | P42330 | CHEMBL4681 |
| Therapeutic Target | Enzyme | ALOX12 | Arachidonate 12-lipoxygenase | P18054 | CHEMBL3687 |
| Therapeutic Target | Hydrolase | ACHE | Acetylcholinesterase | P22303 | CHEMBL220 |
| Therapeutic Target | Lyase | CA12 | Carbonic anhydrase XII | O43570 | CHEMBL3242 |
| Therapeutic Target | Lyase | CA4 | Carbonic anhydrase IV | P22748 | CHEMBL3729 |
Clinical trials associated with plant from natural product (NP) & plant level:
| Clinical trials type | Number of clinical trials | |
|---|---|---|
 NP level | 27 | |
 Plant level | 11 | |
| NCT ID | Title | Condition | Form in clinical use | Associated by plant or compound |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| NCT00029679 | Borage Oil and Ginkgo Biloba (EGb 761) in Asthma | asthma | Linoleic Acid (NPC85813) | NP level |
| NCT00032500 | Evaluation of Echinacea for the Common Cold | Common Cold | Echinacea Pallida | Plant level As single plant |
| NCT00065715 | Echinacea Versus Placebo Effect in Common Cold (Physician Echinacea Placebo) | Common Cold | Echinacea Pallida | Plant level As single plant |
| NCT00103012 | Drug Interactions of Echinacea;Ginseng;and Ginkgo Biloba Taken With Lopinavir/Ritonavir in Healthy Volunteers | Healthy | Echinacea Pallida | Plant level As recipes of formula |
| NCT00204932 | Effects of CLA Supplements on Body Weight and Fat Oxidation | obesity | Linoleic Acid (NPC85813) | NP level |
| NCT00231218 | Echinacea;Propolis and Vitamin C for URI Prevention in Preschoolers | Common Cold|Gastroenteritis | Echinacea Pallida | Plant level As single plant |
| NCT00455416 | Dietary Intervention in Follicular Lymphoma | follicular lymphoma | Quercetin (NPC20791) | NP level |
| NCT00607945 | Dietary Fatty Acids as Complementary Therapy in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus | type 2 diabetes mellitus | Linoleic Acid (NPC85813) | NP level |
| NCT00689468 | Echinacea Purpurea and Osteopathy in Children With Recurrent Otitis Media | Otitis Media | Echinacea Pallida | Plant level As single plant |
| NCT00860795 | Immunologic Effects of Echinacea | Upper Respiratory Tract Infections | Echinacea Pallida | Plant level As single plant |
❱❱❱ Associated Human Diseases and Detailed Association Evidence
How do we define the Plant-Targeted Human Disease Association?
Associated human diseases of an individual plant are summurized based on FOUR types of association evidence, these include:
❶ Association by Therapeutic Target: Bioactive protein targets of the plant were defined in "Molecular Targets" section, target-disease associations collected from TTD database were subsequently used to build the associations between the plant and its targeted human diseases.
❷ Association by Disease Gene Reversion: Plant and a specific disease will be associated when >= 1 plant target gene overlaped with disease's DEGs.
❸ Association by Clinical Trials of Plant: Plant and a specific disease will be associated when >= 1 clinical trial (the plant is the intervetion) can be matched in ClinicalTrials.gov database.
❹ Association by Clinical Trials of Plant Ingredients: Plant and a specific disease will be associated when >= 1 clinical trial (the plant ingredient is the intervetion) can be matched in ClinicalTrials.gov database.
Associated Disease of the Plant | Association Type & Detailed Evidence |
|---|---|
Acquired hypermelanosisDisease Category: 14.Diseases of the skinDisease ICD-11 Code: ED60 |
TYR
|
Acquired hypomelanotic disorderDisease Category: 14.Diseases of the skinDisease ICD-11 Code: ED63 |
TYR
|
Acute diabete complicationDisease Category: 05.Endocrine, nutritional or metabolic diseasesDisease ICD-11 Code: 5A2Y |
FFAR1,AURKB,DPP4,AKR1B1,KDR
|
Acute myeloid leukaemiaDisease Category: 02.NeoplasmsDisease ICD-11 Code: 2A60 |
SRC,FLT3,GSK3B,AURKB,TP53,PIM1,AXL
|
Adenocarcinoma of bronchus or lungDisease Category: 02.NeoplasmsDisease ICD-11 Code: 2C25.0 |
ACHE,CA7,MMP12,XDH,AKR1C3,AURKB,CDK1,CYP2C9,TTR,CA12,NPSR1,THPO
|
Adenocarcinoma of pancreasDisease Category: 02.NeoplasmsDisease ICD-11 Code: 2C10.0 |
FABP3,ACHE,CA7,CISD1,DPP4,POLB,XDH,AKR1C3,HSD17B2,RECQL,AURKB,CYP1B1,FFAR4,HIF1A,CYP2C9,TTR,MET,ALOX15,PIM1,ABCG2,AXL,NPSR1,ALOX5,LMNA
|
Adenocarcinoma of prostateDisease Category: 02.NeoplasmsDisease ICD-11 Code: 2C82.0 |
NOX4,TTR,ALOX15
NCT01912820 |
Adenocarcinoma of stomachDisease Category: 02.NeoplasmsDisease ICD-11 Code: 2B72.0 |
AURKB,NOX4,MMP12,MET,NPSR1,CDK1,CYP19A1,ALOX15
|
Adrenomedullary hyperfunctionDisease Category: 05.Endocrine, nutritional or metabolic diseasesDisease ICD-11 Code: 5A75 |
HIF1A
|
Ageing associated decline in intrinsic capacityDisease Category: 21.Symptoms, signs or clinical findings, not elsewhere classifiedDisease ICD-11 Code: MG2A |
NCT04946383,NCT05422885
|
❱❱❱ Network Visualization of Plant-Targeted Human Disease Associations
>> Targets derived from weak experimental activities
