Collective Molecular Activities of the Plant: Piper Longum
Country/Region:
Jordan; Iraq; India; China; ThailandTraditional Medicine System:
Sowa-Rigpa; Indian Folk; Unani; Siddha; Ayurveda; TCMBangladesh; Nepal; India; Vietnam; Jordan; Thailand; Sri Lanka; China; Iraq
See the Plant Occurrence Worldwide with Latitude and Longitude Available
Overview of Ingredients
73 All known Ingredients in Total
Unique ingredients have been isolated from this plant.Plant-Ingredients Associations were manually curated from publications or collected from other databases.
58 Ingredients with Acceptable Bioavailablity
Unique ingredients exhibit acceptable human oral bioavailablity, according to the criteria of SwissADME [PMID: 28256516] and HobPre [PMID: 34991690]. The criteria details:SwissADME: six descriptors are used by SwissADME to evaluate the oral bioavailability of a natural product:
☑ LIPO(Lipophility): -0.7 < XLOGP3 < +5.0
☑ SIZE: 150g/mol < MW < 500g/mol
☑ POLAR(Polarity): 20Ų < TPSA < 130Ų
☑ INSOLU(Insolubility): -6 < Log S (ESOL) < 0
☑ INSATU(Insaturation): 0.25 < Fraction Csp3 < 1
☑ FLEX(Flexibility): 0 < Num. rotatable bonds < 9
If 6 descriptors of a natural plant satisfy the above rules, it will be labeled high HOB.
HobPre: A natural plant ingredient with HobPre score >0.5 is labeled high human oral availability (HOB)
47 Ingredients with experimental-derived Activity
Unique ingredients have activity data available.Ingredient Structrual Cards
Ingredient ID: NPC99298
Ingredient ID: NPC99078
Ingredient ID: NPC94280
Ingredient ID: NPC86121
Ingredient ID: NPC8483
Ingredient ID: NPC73883
Ingredient ID: NPC71456
Ingredient ID: NPC71105
Ingredient ID: NPC57970
Ingredient ID: NPC55348
Ingredient ID: NPC471073
Ingredient ID: NPC46300
Ingredient ID: NPC41331
Ingredient ID: NPC385
Ingredient ID: NPC33611
Ingredient ID: NPC325839
Ingredient ID: NPC313673
Ingredient ID: NPC311936
Ingredient ID: NPC307858
Ingredient ID: NPC302519
Ingredient ID: NPC29607
Ingredient ID: NPC294196
Ingredient ID: NPC291449
Ingredient ID: NPC286253
Ingredient ID: NPC283550
Ingredient ID: NPC281915
Ingredient ID: NPC276060
Ingredient ID: NPC273416
Ingredient ID: NPC270811
Ingredient ID: NPC25771
Ingredient ID: NPC255817
Ingredient ID: NPC252107
Ingredient ID: NPC251454
Ingredient ID: NPC247871
Ingredient ID: NPC235963
Ingredient ID: NPC231572
Ingredient ID: NPC230698
Ingredient ID: NPC227218
Ingredient ID: NPC225158
Ingredient ID: NPC224624
Ingredient ID: NPC222175
Ingredient ID: NPC220923
Ingredient ID: NPC220228
Ingredient ID: NPC214036
Ingredient ID: NPC21180
Ingredient ID: NPC21157
Ingredient ID: NPC207541
Ingredient ID: NPC205178
Ingredient ID: NPC199209
Ingredient ID: NPC196609
Ingredient ID: NPC195986
Ingredient ID: NPC194131
Ingredient ID: NPC193673
Ingredient ID: NPC188183
Ingredient ID: NPC186694
Ingredient ID: NPC171928
Ingredient ID: NPC170583
Ingredient ID: NPC16830
Ingredient ID: NPC157740
Ingredient ID: NPC156944
Ingredient ID: NPC154477
Ingredient ID: NPC152186
Ingredient ID: NPC147247
Ingredient ID: NPC138723
Ingredient ID: NPC137367
Ingredient ID: NPC136330
Ingredient ID: NPC118885
Ingredient ID: NPC109607
Ingredient ID: NPC108221
Ingredient ID: NPC108218
Ingredient ID: NPC104138
Ingredient ID: NPC102809
Ingredient ID: NPC100223
Classification of Human Proteins Collectively Targeted by the Plant
Detailed Information of Target Proteins
| Target Type | Protein Class | Gene ID | Protein Name | Uniprot ID | Target ChEMBL ID |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cytochrome P450 | Cytochrome P450 family 3 | CYP3A4 | Cytochrome P450 3A4 | P08684 | CHEMBL340 |
| Therapeutic Target | Oxidoreductase | MAOB | Monoamine oxidase B | P27338 | CHEMBL2039 |
| Therapeutic Target | Small molecule receptor (family A GPCR) | HTR2C | Serotonin 2c (5-HT2c) receptor | P28335 | CHEMBL225 |
| Therapeutic Target | Structural protein | LMNA | Prelamin-A/C | P02545 | CHEMBL1293235 |
| Therapeutic Target | Transient receptor potential channel | TRPV1 | Vanilloid receptor | Q8NER1 | CHEMBL4794 |
Clinical trials associated with plant from natural product (NP) & plant level:
| Clinical trials type | Number of clinical trials | |
|---|---|---|
 NP level | 3 | |
| NCT ID | Title | Condition | Form in clinical use | Associated by plant or compound |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| NCT01893424 | Bioequivalence Assessment of Oral Administration Vs. Oral Spray of a Cannabinoids (Tetrahydrocannabinol and Cannabidiol) | pain | Piperine (NPC136330) | NP level |
| NCT05430087 | Vitamin D and Curcumin Piperine Attenuates Disease Activity and Cytokine Levels in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Patients | systemic lupus erythematosus | Piperine (NPC136330) | NP level |
| NCT01383694 | Effect Of Piperine In Patients With Oropharyngeal Dysphagia | Dysphagia | Piperine (NPC136330) | NP level |
❱❱❱ Associated Human Diseases and Detailed Association Evidence
How do we define the Plant-Targeted Human Disease Association?
Associated human diseases of an individual plant are summurized based on FOUR types of association evidence, these include:
❶ Association by Therapeutic Target: Bioactive protein targets of the plant were defined in "Molecular Targets" section, target-disease associations collected from TTD database were subsequently used to build the associations between the plant and its targeted human diseases.
❷ Association by Disease Gene Reversion: Plant and a specific disease will be associated when >= 1 plant target gene overlaped with disease's DEGs.
❸ Association by Clinical Trials of Plant: Plant and a specific disease will be associated when >= 1 clinical trial (the plant is the intervetion) can be matched in ClinicalTrials.gov database.
❹ Association by Clinical Trials of Plant Ingredients: Plant and a specific disease will be associated when >= 1 clinical trial (the plant ingredient is the intervetion) can be matched in ClinicalTrials.gov database.
Associated Disease of the Plant |
Association Type & Detailed Evidence |
|---|---|
MigraineDisease Category: 08.Diseases of the nervous systemDisease ICD-11 Code: 8A80 |
MAOB,HTR2C,TRPV1
|
Pain, unspecifiedDisease Category: 21.Symptoms, signs or clinical findings, not elsewhere classifiedDisease ICD-11 Code: MG3Z |
HTR2C,TRPV1
NCT01893424 |
DepressionDisease Category: 06.Mental, behavioural or neurodevelopmental disordersDisease ICD-11 Code: 6A70-6A7Z |
HTR2C,MAOB
|
ParkinsonismDisease Category: 08.Diseases of the nervous systemDisease ICD-11 Code: 8A00 |
MAOB,HTR2C
|
General pain disorderDisease Category: 08.Diseases of the nervous systemDisease ICD-11 Code: 8E43 |
TRPV1,MAOB
|
Alzheimer diseaseDisease Category: 08.Diseases of the nervous systemDisease ICD-11 Code: 8A20 |
HTR2C,MAOB
|
AnxietyDisease Category: 21.Symptoms, signs or clinical findings, not elsewhere classifiedDisease ICD-11 Code: MB24.3 |
CYP3A4,HTR2C
|
Atopic eczemaDisease Category: 14.Diseases of the skinDisease ICD-11 Code: EA80 |
CYP3A4,TRPV1
|
Diffuse large B-cell lymphomasDisease Category: 02.NeoplasmsDisease ICD-11 Code: 2A81 |
LMNA,MAOB
|
Adenocarcinoma of pancreasDisease Category: 02.NeoplasmsDisease ICD-11 Code: 2C10.0 |
LMNA,MAOB
|
Urothelial carcinoma of bladderDisease Category: 02.NeoplasmsDisease ICD-11 Code: 2C94.2 |
CYP3A4,HTR2C
|
Malignant neoplasms of thymusDisease Category: 02.NeoplasmsDisease ICD-11 Code: 2C27 |
CYP3A4,HTR2C
|
Malignant neoplasms of adrenal glandDisease Category: 02.NeoplasmsDisease ICD-11 Code: 2D11 |
CYP3A4,HTR2C
|
Rheumatoid arthritisDisease Category: 15.Diseases of the musculoskeletal system or connective tissueDisease ICD-11 Code: FA20 |
TRPV1
|
Solid tumour/cancerDisease Category: 02.NeoplasmsDisease ICD-11 Code: 2A00-2F9Z |
CYP3A4
|
DementiaDisease Category: 06.Mental, behavioural or neurodevelopmental disordersDisease ICD-11 Code: 6D80-6D8Z |
MAOB
|
ObesityDisease Category: 05.Endocrine, nutritional or metabolic diseasesDisease ICD-11 Code: 5B80-5B81 |
HTR2C
|
Psychotic disorderDisease Category: 06.Mental, behavioural or neurodevelopmental disordersDisease ICD-11 Code: 6A20-6A25 |
HTR2C
|
Skin tag/polypDisease Category: 14.Diseases of the skinDisease ICD-11 Code: EK71 |
MAOB
|
Psychoactive substances use disorderDisease Category: 06.Mental, behavioural or neurodevelopmental disordersDisease ICD-11 Code: 6C4G |
HTR2C
|
Functional bladder disorderDisease Category: 16.Diseases of the genitourinary systemDisease ICD-11 Code: GC50 |
TRPV1
|
Sleep-wake disorderDisease Category: 07.Sleep-wake disordersDisease ICD-11 Code: 7A00-7B2Z |
HTR2C
|
Tonus and reflex abnormalityDisease Category: 21.Symptoms, signs or clinical findings, not elsewhere classifiedDisease ICD-11 Code: MB47 |
HTR2C
|
Primary psychotic disorder manifestationDisease Category: 06.Mental, behavioural or neurodevelopmental disordersDisease ICD-11 Code: 6A25 |
MAOB
|
Knee osteoarthritisDisease Category: 15.Diseases of the musculoskeletal system or connective tissueDisease ICD-11 Code: FA01 |
TRPV1
|
Lower limb mononeuropathyDisease Category: 08.Diseases of the nervous systemDisease ICD-11 Code: 8C11 |
TRPV1
|
MalariaDisease Category: 01.Certain infectious or parasitic diseasesDisease ICD-11 Code: 1F40-1F45 |
MAOB
|
Skin cancerDisease Category: 02.NeoplasmsDisease ICD-11 Code: 2C30-2C37 |
MAOB
|
AsthmaDisease Category: 12.Diseases of the respiratory systemDisease ICD-11 Code: CA23 |
TRPV1
|
Pulmonary hypertensionDisease Category: 11.Diseases of the circulatory systemDisease ICD-11 Code: BB01 |
MAOB
|
Chronic insomniaDisease Category: 07.Sleep-wake disordersDisease ICD-11 Code: 7A00 |
HTR2C
|
Malignant haematopoietic neoplasmDisease Category: 02.NeoplasmsDisease ICD-11 Code: 2B33 |
HTR2C
|
Visual system diseaseDisease Category: 09.Diseases of the visual systemDisease ICD-11 Code: 9E1Z |
TRPV1
|
Acute diabete complicationDisease Category: 05.Endocrine, nutritional or metabolic diseasesDisease ICD-11 Code: 5A2Y |
HTR2C
|
Pituitary gland disorderDisease Category: 05.Endocrine, nutritional or metabolic diseasesDisease ICD-11 Code: 5A60-5A61 |
HTR2C
|
Substance abuseDisease Category: 06.Mental, behavioural or neurodevelopmental disordersDisease ICD-11 Code: 6C40 |
HTR2C
|
Acquired hypomelanotic disorderDisease Category: 14.Diseases of the skinDisease ICD-11 Code: ED63 |
MAOB
|
Chronic painDisease Category: 21.Symptoms, signs or clinical findings, not elsewhere classifiedDisease ICD-11 Code: MG30 |
TRPV1
|
Muscular dystrophyDisease Category: 08.Diseases of the nervous systemDisease ICD-11 Code: 8C70 |
MAOB
|
Prostate cancerDisease Category: 02.NeoplasmsDisease ICD-11 Code: 2C82 |
MAOB
|
SchizophreniaDisease Category: 06.Mental, behavioural or neurodevelopmental disordersDisease ICD-11 Code: 6A20 |
HTR2C
|
Attention deficit hyperactivity disorderDisease Category: 06.Mental, behavioural or neurodevelopmental disordersDisease ICD-11 Code: 6A05 |
HTR2C
|
Nausea/vomitingDisease Category: 21.Symptoms, signs or clinical findings, not elsewhere classifiedDisease ICD-11 Code: MD90 |
MAOB
|
OsteoarthritisDisease Category: 15.Diseases of the musculoskeletal system or connective tissueDisease ICD-11 Code: FA00-FA05 |
TRPV1
|
Systemic lupus erythematosusDisease Category: 04.Diseases of the immune systemDisease ICD-11 Code: 4A40.0 |
NCT05430087
|
DysphagiaDisease Category: 21.Symptoms, signs or clinical findings, not elsewhere classifiedDisease ICD-11 Code: MD93 |
NCT01383694
|
Carcinosarcoma of uterusDisease Category: 02.NeoplasmsDisease ICD-11 Code: 2C76.43 |
HTR2C
|
Serous cystadenoma,borderline malignancy of ovaryDisease Category: 02.NeoplasmsDisease ICD-11 Code: 2C73.4 |
HTR2C
|
Malignant neoplasms of biliary tract, distal bile ductDisease Category: 02.NeoplasmsDisease ICD-11 Code: 2C15 |
LMNA
|
Adenocarcinoma of stomachDisease Category: 02.NeoplasmsDisease ICD-11 Code: 2B72.0 |
HTR2C
|
Malignant neoplasm metastasis in lymph nodes of head, face or neckDisease Category: 02.NeoplasmsDisease ICD-11 Code: 2D60.0 |
HTR2C
|
Squamous cell carcinoma of bronchus or lungDisease Category: 02.NeoplasmsDisease ICD-11 Code: 2C25.2 |
HTR2C
|
Mesothelioma of pleuraDisease Category: 02.NeoplasmsDisease ICD-11 Code: 2C26.0 |
LMNA
|
Other specified malignant neoplasms ofcolonDisease Category: 02.NeoplasmsDisease ICD-11 Code: 2B90.Y |
HTR2C
|
Melanoma of skinDisease Category: 02.NeoplasmsDisease ICD-11 Code: 2C30 |
HTR2C
|
Hepatocellular carcinoma of liverDisease Category: 02.NeoplasmsDisease ICD-11 Code: 2C12.02 |
HTR2C
|
Other specified malignant neoplasms of bronchus or lungDisease Category: 02.NeoplasmsDisease ICD-11 Code: 2C25.Y |
HTR2C
|
Superficial ovarian endometriosisDisease Category: 16.Diseases of the genitourinary systemDisease ICD-11 Code: GA10.B4 |
LMNA
|
Adenocarcinoma of bronchus or lungDisease Category: 02.NeoplasmsDisease ICD-11 Code: 2C25.0 |
HTR2C
|
Malignant neoplasms of corpus uteri, unspecifiedDisease Category: 02.NeoplasmsDisease ICD-11 Code: 2C76.Z |
HTR2C
|
Chikungunya virus diseaseDisease Category: 01.Certain infectious or parasitic diseasesDisease ICD-11 Code: 1D40 |
LMNA
|
Invasive carcinoma of breastDisease Category: 02.NeoplasmsDisease ICD-11 Code: 2C61 |
HTR2C
|
Glioblastoma of brainDisease Category: 02.NeoplasmsDisease ICD-11 Code: 2A00.00 |
LMNA
|
Renal cell carcinoma, chromophobe typeDisease Category: X.Extension CodesDisease ICD-11 Code: XH6153 |
CYP3A4
|
Germ cell tumour of testisDisease Category: 02.NeoplasmsDisease ICD-11 Code: 2C80.2 |
HTR2C
|
❱❱❱ Network Visualization of Plant-Targeted Human Disease Associations
>> Targets derived from weak experimental activities
