Structure

Physi-Chem Properties

Molecular Weight:  184.11
Volume:  188.138
LogP:  1.098
LogD:  1.087
LogS:  -1.645
# Rotatable Bonds:  0
TPSA:  46.53
# H-Bond Aceptor:  3
# H-Bond Donor:  1
# Rings:  2
# Heavy Atoms:  3

MedChem Properties

QED Drug-Likeness Score:  0.57
Synthetic Accessibility Score:  4.14
Fsp3:  0.9
Lipinski Rule-of-5:  Accepted
Pfizer Rule:  Accepted
GSK Rule:  Accepted
BMS Rule:  0
Golden Triangle Rule:  Rejected
Chelating Alert:  0
PAINS Alert:  0

ADMET Properties (ADMETlab2.0)

ADMET: Absorption

Caco-2 Permeability:  -4.471
MDCK Permeability:  3.791671770159155e-05
Pgp-inhibitor:  0.001
Pgp-substrate:  0.001
Human Intestinal Absorption (HIA):  0.004
20% Bioavailability (F20%):  0.014
30% Bioavailability (F30%):  0.15

ADMET: Distribution

Blood-Brain-Barrier Penetration (BBB):  0.914
Plasma Protein Binding (PPB):  34.07061004638672%
Volume Distribution (VD):  0.879
Pgp-substrate:  72.21195983886719%

ADMET: Metabolism

CYP1A2-inhibitor:  0.201
CYP1A2-substrate:  0.632
CYP2C19-inhibitor:  0.082
CYP2C19-substrate:  0.831
CYP2C9-inhibitor:  0.018
CYP2C9-substrate:  0.151
CYP2D6-inhibitor:  0.006
CYP2D6-substrate:  0.245
CYP3A4-inhibitor:  0.037
CYP3A4-substrate:  0.392

ADMET: Excretion

Clearance (CL):  6.799
Half-life (T1/2):  0.665

ADMET: Toxicity

hERG Blockers:  0.078
Human Hepatotoxicity (H-HT):  0.145
Drug-inuced Liver Injury (DILI):  0.226
AMES Toxicity:  0.027
Rat Oral Acute Toxicity:  0.03
Maximum Recommended Daily Dose:  0.046
Skin Sensitization:  0.643
Carcinogencity:  0.34
Eye Corrosion:  0.654
Eye Irritation:  0.935
Respiratory Toxicity:  0.166

Download Data

Data Type Select
General Info & Identifiers & Properties  
Structure MOL file  
Source Organisms  
Biological Activities  
Similar NPs/Drugs  

  Natural Product: NPC98711

Natural Product ID:  NPC98711
Common Name*:   Scabrol A
IUPAC Name:   (4R,4aS,7R,7aR)-7-hydroxy-4,7-dimethyl-1,4,4a,5,6,7a-hexahydrocyclopenta[c]pyran-3-one
Synonyms:   Scabrol A
Standard InCHIKey:  KCIYXMDQXNFJBA-BDNRQGISSA-N
Standard InCHI:  InChI=1S/C10H16O3/c1-6-7-3-4-10(2,12)8(7)5-13-9(6)11/h6-8,12H,3-5H2,1-2H3/t6-,7-,8+,10-/m1/s1
SMILES:  C[C@@H]1[C@H]2CC[C@](C)([C@H]2COC1=O)O
Synthetic Gene Cluster:   n.a.
ChEMBL Identifier:   CHEMBL2152448
PubChem CID:   71458435
Chemical Classification**:  
  • CHEMONTID:0000000 [Organic compounds]
    • [CHEMONTID:0000012] Lipids and lipid-like molecules
      • [CHEMONTID:0000259] Prenol lipids
        • [CHEMONTID:0001283] Terpene lactones

*Note: the InCHIKey will be temporarily assigned as the "Common Name" if no IUPAC name or alternative short name is available.
**Note: the Chemical Classification was calculated by NPClassifier Version 1.5. Reference: PMID:34662515.

  Species Source

Organism ID Organism Name Taxonomy Level Family SuperKingdom Isolation Part Collection Location Collection Time Reference
NPO14197 Patrinia scabra Species Caprifoliaceae Eukaryota Roots n.a. n.a. PMID[23002924]
NPO14197 Patrinia scabra Species Caprifoliaceae Eukaryota Roots n.a. n.a. PMID[29799195]
NPO14197 Patrinia scabra Species Caprifoliaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[HerDing]
NPO14197 Patrinia scabra Species Caprifoliaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[TCMID]
NPO14197 Patrinia scabra Species Caprifoliaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[UNPD]

☑ Note for Reference:
In addition to directly collecting NP source organism data from primary literature (where reference will provided as NCBI PMID or DOI links), NPASS also integrated them from below databases:
☉ UNPD: Universal Natural Products Database [PMID: 23638153].
☉ StreptomeDB: a database of streptomycetes natural products [PMID: 33051671].
☉ TM-MC: a database of medicinal materials and chemical compounds in Northeast Asian traditional medicine [PMID: 26156871].
☉ TCM@Taiwan: a Traditional Chinese Medicine database [PMID: 21253603].
☉ TCMID: a Traditional Chinese Medicine database [PMID: 29106634].
☉ TCMSP: The traditional Chinese medicine systems pharmacology database and analysis platform [PMID: 24735618].
☉ HerDing: a herb recommendation system to treat diseases using genes and chemicals [PMID: 26980517].
☉ MetaboLights: a metabolomics database [PMID: 27010336].
☉ FooDB: a database of constituents, chemistry and biology of food species [www.foodb.ca].

  NP Quantity Composition/Concentration

Organism ID NP ID Organism Material Preparation Organism Part NP Quantity (Standard) NP Quantity (Minimum) NP Quantity (Maximum) Quantity Unit Reference

☑ Note for Reference:
In addition to directly collecting NP quantitative data from primary literature (where reference will provided as NCBI PMID or DOI links), NPASS also integrated NP quantitative records for specific NP domains (e.g., NPS from foods or herbs) from domain-specific databases. These databases include:
☉ DUKE: Dr. Duke's Phytochemical and Ethnobotanical Databases.
☉ PHENOL EXPLORER: is the first comprehensive database on polyphenol content in foods [PMID: 24103452], its homepage can be accessed at here.
☉ FooDB: a database of constituents, chemistry and biology of food species [www.foodb.ca].

  Biological Activity

Target ID Target Type Target Name Target Organism Activity Type Activity Relation Value Unit Reference
NPT165 Cell Line HeLa Homo sapiens IC50 > 50000.0 nM PMID[555694]
NPT20529 NON-MOLECULAR NON-PROTEIN TARGET n.a. IC50 > 50000.0 nM PMID[555694]

☑ Note for Activity Records:
☉ The quantitative biological activities were primarily integrated from ChEMBL (Version-30) database and were also directly collected from PubMed literature. PubMed PMID was provided as the reference link for each activity record.

  Chemically structural similarity: I. Similar Active Natural Products in NPASS

Top-200 similar NPs were calculated against the active-NP-set (includes 4,3285 NPs with experimentally-derived bioactivity available in NPASS)

Similarity level is defined by Tanimoto coefficient (Tc) between two molecules. Tc lies between [0, 1] where '1' indicates the highest similarity. What is Tanimoto coefficient

●  The left chart: Distribution of similarity level between NPC98711 and all remaining natural products in the NPASS database.
●  The right table: Most similar natural products (Tc>=0.56 or Top200).

Similarity Score Similarity Level Natural Product ID
0.9104 High Similarity NPC475062
0.9014 High Similarity NPC214030
0.9014 High Similarity NPC83108
0.8592 High Similarity NPC477867
0.8243 Intermediate Similarity NPC70996
0.8082 Intermediate Similarity NPC215030
0.8 Intermediate Similarity NPC470657
0.7901 Intermediate Similarity NPC31349
0.7625 Intermediate Similarity NPC157328
0.7536 Intermediate Similarity NPC469923
0.7531 Intermediate Similarity NPC291310
0.75 Intermediate Similarity NPC155441
0.75 Intermediate Similarity NPC286842
0.75 Intermediate Similarity NPC469924
0.7468 Intermediate Similarity NPC258965
0.7468 Intermediate Similarity NPC156658
0.7429 Intermediate Similarity NPC235788
0.7412 Intermediate Similarity NPC246173
0.7397 Intermediate Similarity NPC319007
0.7326 Intermediate Similarity NPC474065
0.7308 Intermediate Similarity NPC474404
0.7308 Intermediate Similarity NPC474003
0.7229 Intermediate Similarity NPC473350
0.7215 Intermediate Similarity NPC470014
0.7209 Intermediate Similarity NPC77756
0.7195 Intermediate Similarity NPC111409
0.7176 Intermediate Similarity NPC191221
0.7143 Intermediate Similarity NPC469921
0.7105 Intermediate Similarity NPC96322
0.7105 Intermediate Similarity NPC311102
0.7089 Intermediate Similarity NPC169389
0.7073 Intermediate Similarity NPC212340
0.7073 Intermediate Similarity NPC477936
0.7073 Intermediate Similarity NPC477935
0.7051 Intermediate Similarity NPC68565
0.7051 Intermediate Similarity NPC35871
0.7051 Intermediate Similarity NPC471491
0.7051 Intermediate Similarity NPC179922
0.7045 Intermediate Similarity NPC476189
0.7042 Intermediate Similarity NPC469922
0.7037 Intermediate Similarity NPC472853
0.7033 Intermediate Similarity NPC253995
0.7024 Intermediate Similarity NPC284534
0.7024 Intermediate Similarity NPC300082
0.7024 Intermediate Similarity NPC204105
0.7015 Intermediate Similarity NPC319589
0.7 Intermediate Similarity NPC475821
0.7 Intermediate Similarity NPC476732
0.7 Intermediate Similarity NPC199965
0.6988 Remote Similarity NPC259173
0.6988 Remote Similarity NPC472847
0.6986 Remote Similarity NPC157518
0.6977 Remote Similarity NPC79549
0.6977 Remote Similarity NPC470009
0.6966 Remote Similarity NPC470423
0.6966 Remote Similarity NPC470424
0.6962 Remote Similarity NPC474020
0.6951 Remote Similarity NPC254123
0.6944 Remote Similarity NPC474552
0.6941 Remote Similarity NPC472272
0.6932 Remote Similarity NPC52756
0.6923 Remote Similarity NPC471241
0.6905 Remote Similarity NPC477434
0.6897 Remote Similarity NPC200580
0.6897 Remote Similarity NPC215556
0.6889 Remote Similarity NPC163228
0.6889 Remote Similarity NPC470191
0.6889 Remote Similarity NPC215570
0.6889 Remote Similarity NPC37408
0.6883 Remote Similarity NPC469940
0.6883 Remote Similarity NPC478227
0.6882 Remote Similarity NPC259654
0.6882 Remote Similarity NPC298266
0.6875 Remote Similarity NPC180199
0.6875 Remote Similarity NPC477918
0.6875 Remote Similarity NPC477919
0.6867 Remote Similarity NPC242771
0.6867 Remote Similarity NPC148740
0.6867 Remote Similarity NPC311642
0.6867 Remote Similarity NPC100366
0.6867 Remote Similarity NPC102156
0.6867 Remote Similarity NPC164289
0.686 Remote Similarity NPC239938
0.6835 Remote Similarity NPC477934
0.6835 Remote Similarity NPC132064
0.6829 Remote Similarity NPC474714
0.6829 Remote Similarity NPC476625
0.6829 Remote Similarity NPC477851
0.6824 Remote Similarity NPC477205
0.6824 Remote Similarity NPC476715
0.6818 Remote Similarity NPC216284
0.6795 Remote Similarity NPC470660
0.6795 Remote Similarity NPC248567
0.6795 Remote Similarity NPC470659
0.679 Remote Similarity NPC222210
0.679 Remote Similarity NPC63445
0.6786 Remote Similarity NPC128246
0.6786 Remote Similarity NPC245665
0.6786 Remote Similarity NPC15091
0.6786 Remote Similarity NPC474266
0.6782 Remote Similarity NPC178875
0.6782 Remote Similarity NPC203170
0.6753 Remote Similarity NPC477929
0.675 Remote Similarity NPC477933
0.675 Remote Similarity NPC477932
0.6747 Remote Similarity NPC126248
0.6744 Remote Similarity NPC476717
0.6742 Remote Similarity NPC155215
0.6737 Remote Similarity NPC37240
0.6737 Remote Similarity NPC471253
0.6714 Remote Similarity NPC119425
0.6707 Remote Similarity NPC472310
0.6707 Remote Similarity NPC80891
0.6707 Remote Similarity NPC476176
0.6707 Remote Similarity NPC201276
0.6706 Remote Similarity NPC471044
0.6706 Remote Similarity NPC473336
0.6703 Remote Similarity NPC476053
0.6702 Remote Similarity NPC287539
0.6702 Remote Similarity NPC3488
0.6667 Remote Similarity NPC314364
0.6667 Remote Similarity NPC161035
0.6667 Remote Similarity NPC258216
0.6667 Remote Similarity NPC66145
0.6667 Remote Similarity NPC88469
0.6667 Remote Similarity NPC305182
0.6667 Remote Similarity NPC211087
0.6667 Remote Similarity NPC143250
0.6667 Remote Similarity NPC270270
0.6667 Remote Similarity NPC472021
0.6667 Remote Similarity NPC118601
0.6667 Remote Similarity NPC475849
0.6667 Remote Similarity NPC470243
0.6667 Remote Similarity NPC473899
0.6632 Remote Similarity NPC244969
0.6632 Remote Similarity NPC4899
0.6632 Remote Similarity NPC213528
0.6632 Remote Similarity NPC177013
0.6632 Remote Similarity NPC35185
0.6632 Remote Similarity NPC470172
0.6632 Remote Similarity NPC474730
0.663 Remote Similarity NPC193785
0.663 Remote Similarity NPC116683
0.663 Remote Similarity NPC42042
0.6629 Remote Similarity NPC301969
0.6629 Remote Similarity NPC37607
0.6628 Remote Similarity NPC245434
0.6627 Remote Similarity NPC125366
0.6627 Remote Similarity NPC51507
0.6627 Remote Similarity NPC1882
0.6625 Remote Similarity NPC472311
0.6625 Remote Similarity NPC186851
0.6623 Remote Similarity NPC469941
0.6623 Remote Similarity NPC319671
0.6623 Remote Similarity NPC252032
0.6623 Remote Similarity NPC28526
0.6623 Remote Similarity NPC64466
0.6623 Remote Similarity NPC196197
0.6623 Remote Similarity NPC476734
0.6622 Remote Similarity NPC314103
0.6598 Remote Similarity NPC127235
0.6596 Remote Similarity NPC471381
0.6596 Remote Similarity NPC186861
0.6596 Remote Similarity NPC280963
0.6593 Remote Similarity NPC477495
0.6593 Remote Similarity NPC90453
0.6591 Remote Similarity NPC226491
0.6591 Remote Similarity NPC476435
0.6591 Remote Similarity NPC477614
0.6588 Remote Similarity NPC29342
0.6588 Remote Similarity NPC2572
0.6588 Remote Similarity NPC69953
0.6585 Remote Similarity NPC224802
0.6585 Remote Similarity NPC171426
0.6585 Remote Similarity NPC471045
0.6585 Remote Similarity NPC324700
0.6585 Remote Similarity NPC34046
0.6585 Remote Similarity NPC185465
0.6585 Remote Similarity NPC80089
0.6582 Remote Similarity NPC473775
0.6582 Remote Similarity NPC475260
0.6582 Remote Similarity NPC51249
0.6582 Remote Similarity NPC470526
0.6582 Remote Similarity NPC474100
0.6582 Remote Similarity NPC473699
0.6582 Remote Similarity NPC475232
0.6567 Remote Similarity NPC314084
0.6562 Remote Similarity NPC314679
0.6562 Remote Similarity NPC473406
0.6559 Remote Similarity NPC328180
0.6559 Remote Similarity NPC472273
0.6559 Remote Similarity NPC58267
0.6559 Remote Similarity NPC278028
0.6559 Remote Similarity NPC263674
0.6559 Remote Similarity NPC471150
0.6559 Remote Similarity NPC261372
0.6556 Remote Similarity NPC235051
0.6556 Remote Similarity NPC474699
0.6552 Remote Similarity NPC474448
0.6552 Remote Similarity NPC56593

  Chemically structural similarity: II. Similar Clinical/Approved Drugs

Similarity level is defined by Tanimoto coefficient (Tc) between two molecules.

●  The left chart: Distribution of similarity level between NPC98711 and all drugs/candidates.
●  The right table: Most similar clinical/approved drugs (Tc>=0.56 or Top200).

Similarity Score Similarity Level Drug ID Developmental Stage
0.7973 Intermediate Similarity NPD3702 Approved
0.75 Intermediate Similarity NPD3198 Approved
0.7436 Intermediate Similarity NPD4238 Approved
0.7436 Intermediate Similarity NPD4802 Phase 2
0.6702 Remote Similarity NPD1700 Approved
0.6667 Remote Similarity NPD6435 Approved
0.6667 Remote Similarity NPD5777 Approved
0.6585 Remote Similarity NPD6697 Approved
0.6585 Remote Similarity NPD6115 Approved
0.6585 Remote Similarity NPD6114 Approved
0.6585 Remote Similarity NPD6118 Approved
0.6562 Remote Similarity NPD634 Phase 3
0.6533 Remote Similarity NPD3171 Clinical (unspecified phase)
0.6522 Remote Similarity NPD615 Clinical (unspecified phase)
0.65 Remote Similarity NPD6113 Clinical (unspecified phase)
0.6447 Remote Similarity NPD4224 Phase 2
0.6429 Remote Similarity NPD5368 Approved
0.642 Remote Similarity NPD3703 Phase 2
0.641 Remote Similarity NPD3698 Phase 2
0.64 Remote Similarity NPD7909 Approved
0.6341 Remote Similarity NPD6117 Approved
0.6329 Remote Similarity NPD4245 Approved
0.6329 Remote Similarity NPD4244 Approved
0.6327 Remote Similarity NPD4056 Clinical (unspecified phase)
0.6327 Remote Similarity NPD4057 Clinical (unspecified phase)
0.6265 Remote Similarity NPD6116 Phase 1
0.625 Remote Similarity NPD6081 Approved
0.617 Remote Similarity NPD5695 Phase 3
0.6163 Remote Similarity NPD5369 Approved
0.6163 Remote Similarity NPD1780 Approved
0.6163 Remote Similarity NPD1779 Approved
0.6162 Remote Similarity NPD8170 Clinical (unspecified phase)
0.6125 Remote Similarity NPD4789 Approved
0.6076 Remote Similarity NPD5360 Phase 3
0.6076 Remote Similarity NPD5361 Clinical (unspecified phase)
0.6058 Remote Similarity NPD6053 Discontinued
0.6056 Remote Similarity NPD3729 Clinical (unspecified phase)
0.6049 Remote Similarity NPD4809 Clinical (unspecified phase)
0.6049 Remote Similarity NPD4808 Clinical (unspecified phase)
0.6042 Remote Similarity NPD6083 Phase 2
0.6042 Remote Similarity NPD6084 Phase 2
0.6026 Remote Similarity NPD375 Phase 2
0.6023 Remote Similarity NPD5362 Discontinued
0.6 Remote Similarity NPD5786 Approved
0.6 Remote Similarity NPD4249 Approved
0.6 Remote Similarity NPD3186 Phase 1
0.6 Remote Similarity NPD3699 Clinical (unspecified phase)
0.6 Remote Similarity NPD3700 Clinical (unspecified phase)
0.5979 Remote Similarity NPD5696 Approved
0.5978 Remote Similarity NPD1695 Approved
0.5941 Remote Similarity NPD5739 Approved
0.5941 Remote Similarity NPD6402 Approved
0.5941 Remote Similarity NPD6675 Approved
0.5941 Remote Similarity NPD7128 Approved
0.5934 Remote Similarity NPD4250 Approved
0.5934 Remote Similarity NPD4251 Approved
0.5909 Remote Similarity NPD7345 Approved
0.5882 Remote Similarity NPD2266 Phase 2
0.5882 Remote Similarity NPD5701 Approved
0.5882 Remote Similarity NPD5697 Approved
0.5862 Remote Similarity NPD4820 Approved
0.5862 Remote Similarity NPD4821 Approved
0.5862 Remote Similarity NPD4819 Approved
0.5862 Remote Similarity NPD4822 Approved
0.5862 Remote Similarity NPD6928 Phase 2
0.5862 Remote Similarity NPD5790 Clinical (unspecified phase)
0.5854 Remote Similarity NPD4758 Discontinued
0.5843 Remote Similarity NPD3670 Clinical (unspecified phase)
0.5843 Remote Similarity NPD4788 Approved
0.5843 Remote Similarity NPD3669 Approved
0.5833 Remote Similarity NPD3730 Approved
0.5833 Remote Similarity NPD3728 Approved
0.5825 Remote Similarity NPD6899 Approved
0.5825 Remote Similarity NPD6881 Approved
0.5825 Remote Similarity NPD7320 Approved
0.5821 Remote Similarity NPD386 Approved
0.5821 Remote Similarity NPD388 Approved
0.5806 Remote Similarity NPD5764 Clinical (unspecified phase)
0.5806 Remote Similarity NPD6101 Approved
0.5789 Remote Similarity NPD5779 Approved
0.5789 Remote Similarity NPD5778 Approved
0.5784 Remote Similarity NPD6008 Approved
0.5769 Remote Similarity NPD6012 Approved
0.5769 Remote Similarity NPD6373 Approved
0.5769 Remote Similarity NPD371 Approved
0.5769 Remote Similarity NPD6014 Approved
0.5769 Remote Similarity NPD6013 Approved
0.5769 Remote Similarity NPD6372 Approved
0.573 Remote Similarity NPD4270 Approved
0.573 Remote Similarity NPD4269 Approved
0.5714 Remote Similarity NPD1733 Clinical (unspecified phase)
0.5714 Remote Similarity NPD7520 Clinical (unspecified phase)
0.5714 Remote Similarity NPD7290 Approved
0.5714 Remote Similarity NPD7102 Approved
0.5714 Remote Similarity NPD6883 Approved
0.5701 Remote Similarity NPD4632 Approved
0.5699 Remote Similarity NPD4264 Clinical (unspecified phase)
0.5696 Remote Similarity NPD7341 Phase 2
0.5696 Remote Similarity NPD9496 Clinical (unspecified phase)
0.5684 Remote Similarity NPD8034 Phase 2
0.5684 Remote Similarity NPD6411 Approved
0.5684 Remote Similarity NPD8035 Phase 2
0.5679 Remote Similarity NPD229 Approved
0.5676 Remote Similarity NPD6319 Approved
0.5673 Remote Similarity NPD6011 Approved
0.5672 Remote Similarity NPD2699 Approved
0.5667 Remote Similarity NPD7154 Phase 3
0.566 Remote Similarity NPD6650 Approved
0.566 Remote Similarity NPD6869 Approved
0.566 Remote Similarity NPD6649 Approved
0.566 Remote Similarity NPD6617 Approved
0.566 Remote Similarity NPD6847 Approved
0.566 Remote Similarity NPD8130 Phase 1
0.5652 Remote Similarity NPD6409 Approved
0.5652 Remote Similarity NPD7146 Approved
0.5652 Remote Similarity NPD6684 Approved
0.5652 Remote Similarity NPD6098 Approved
0.5652 Remote Similarity NPD5330 Approved
0.5652 Remote Similarity NPD7334 Approved
0.5652 Remote Similarity NPD7521 Approved
0.5644 Remote Similarity NPD8139 Approved
0.5644 Remote Similarity NPD8083 Approved
0.5644 Remote Similarity NPD8086 Approved
0.5644 Remote Similarity NPD8082 Approved
0.5644 Remote Similarity NPD8085 Approved
0.5644 Remote Similarity NPD8138 Approved
0.5644 Remote Similarity NPD8084 Approved
0.5638 Remote Similarity NPD4753 Phase 2
0.5632 Remote Similarity NPD4268 Approved
0.5632 Remote Similarity NPD5784 Clinical (unspecified phase)
0.5632 Remote Similarity NPD4271 Approved
0.5625 Remote Similarity NPD6399 Phase 3
0.5625 Remote Similarity NPD9450 Approved
0.5625 Remote Similarity NPD9448 Phase 2
0.5625 Remote Similarity NPD77 Approved
0.5625 Remote Similarity NPD633 Phase 3
0.5618 Remote Similarity NPD4692 Approved
0.5618 Remote Similarity NPD4139 Approved
0.5607 Remote Similarity NPD8297 Approved
0.5607 Remote Similarity NPD6882 Approved
0.5606 Remote Similarity NPD387 Clinical (unspecified phase)

  Bioactivity similarity: Similar Natural Products in NPASS

Bioactivity similarity was calculated based on bioactivity descriptors of compounds. The bioactivity descriptors were calculated by a recently developed AI algorithm Chemical Checker (CC) [Nature Biotechnology, 38:1087–1096, 2020; Nature Communications, 12:3932, 2021], which evaluated bioactivity similarities at five levels:
☉ A: chemistry similarity;
☉ B: biological targets similarity;
☉ C: networks similarity;
☉ D: cell-based bioactivity similarity;
☉ E: similarity based on clinical data.

Those 5 categories of CC bioactivity descriptors were calculated and then subjected to manifold projection using UMAP algorithm, to project all NPs on a 2-Dimensional space. The current NP was highlighted with a small circle in the 2-D map. Below figures: left-to-right, A-to-E.

A: chemistry similarity
B: biological targets similarity
C: networks similarity
D: cell-based bioactivity similarity
E: similarity based on clinical data