Structure

Physi-Chem Properties

Molecular Weight:  296.13
Volume:  281.239
LogP:  1.265
LogD:  0.902
LogS:  -3.496
# Rotatable Bonds:  0
TPSA:  99.52
# H-Bond Aceptor:  6
# H-Bond Donor:  3
# Rings:  4
# Heavy Atoms:  6

MedChem Properties

QED Drug-Likeness Score:  0.43
Synthetic Accessibility Score:  5.665
Fsp3:  0.8
Lipinski Rule-of-5:  Accepted
Pfizer Rule:  Accepted
GSK Rule:  Accepted
BMS Rule:  0
Golden Triangle Rule:  Accepted
Chelating Alert:  0
PAINS Alert:  0

ADMET Properties (ADMETlab2.0)

ADMET: Absorption

Caco-2 Permeability:  -5.294
MDCK Permeability:  1.2260511539352592e-05
Pgp-inhibitor:  0.004
Pgp-substrate:  0.717
Human Intestinal Absorption (HIA):  0.049
20% Bioavailability (F20%):  0.816
30% Bioavailability (F30%):  0.937

ADMET: Distribution

Blood-Brain-Barrier Penetration (BBB):  0.84
Plasma Protein Binding (PPB):  31.40415382385254%
Volume Distribution (VD):  0.505
Pgp-substrate:  51.29745101928711%

ADMET: Metabolism

CYP1A2-inhibitor:  0.015
CYP1A2-substrate:  0.981
CYP2C19-inhibitor:  0.019
CYP2C19-substrate:  0.77
CYP2C9-inhibitor:  0.011
CYP2C9-substrate:  0.028
CYP2D6-inhibitor:  0.004
CYP2D6-substrate:  0.089
CYP3A4-inhibitor:  0.084
CYP3A4-substrate:  0.361

ADMET: Excretion

Clearance (CL):  3.508
Half-life (T1/2):  0.702

ADMET: Toxicity

hERG Blockers:  0.031
Human Hepatotoxicity (H-HT):  0.842
Drug-inuced Liver Injury (DILI):  0.275
AMES Toxicity:  0.933
Rat Oral Acute Toxicity:  0.966
Maximum Recommended Daily Dose:  0.296
Skin Sensitization:  0.513
Carcinogencity:  0.346
Eye Corrosion:  0.004
Eye Irritation:  0.042
Respiratory Toxicity:  0.976

Download Data

Data Type Select
General Info & Identifiers & Properties  
Structure MOL file  
Source Organisms  
Biological Activities  
Similar NPs/Drugs  

  Natural Product: NPC98165

Natural Product ID:  NPC98165
Common Name*:   Zedoarolide A
IUPAC Name:   n.a.
Synonyms:  
Standard InCHIKey:  FYIUFPCMCZWNKH-OJVJDFQCSA-N
Standard InCHI:  InChI=1S/C15H20O6/c1-7-8-6-9-12(2,18)4-5-14(9)13(3,21-14)11(17)15(8,19)20-10(7)16/h9,11,17-19H,4-6H2,1-3H3/t9-,11+,12+,13-,14+,15-/m1/s1
SMILES:  O=C1O[C@@]2(C(=C1C)C[C@H]1[C@]3([C@]([C@@H]2O)(C)O3)CC[C@]1(C)O)O
Synthetic Gene Cluster:   n.a.
ChEMBL Identifier:   CHEMBL2386519
PubChem CID:   15489108
Chemical Classification**:  
  • CHEMONTID:0000000 [Organic compounds]
    • [CHEMONTID:0000012] Lipids and lipid-like molecules
      • [CHEMONTID:0000259] Prenol lipids
        • [CHEMONTID:0001283] Terpene lactones
          • [CHEMONTID:0001543] Sesquiterpene lactones
            • [CHEMONTID:0001770] Guaianolides and derivatives

*Note: the InCHIKey will be temporarily assigned as the "Common Name" if no IUPAC name or alternative short name is available.
**Note: the Chemical Classification was calculated by NPClassifier Version 1.5. Reference: PMID:34662515.

  Species Source

Organism ID Organism Name Taxonomy Level Family SuperKingdom Isolation Part Collection Location Collection Time Reference
NPO18068 Curcuma phaeocaulis Species Zingiberaceae Eukaryota rhizomes n.a. n.a. PMID[23755850]
NPO17751 Rhizoma wenyujin concisum n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[TCMID]
NPO18068 Curcuma phaeocaulis Species Zingiberaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[TM-MC]
NPO18068 Curcuma phaeocaulis Species Zingiberaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[UNPD]

☑ Note for Reference:
In addition to directly collecting NP source organism data from primary literature (where reference will provided as NCBI PMID or DOI links), NPASS also integrated them from below databases:
UNPD: Universal Natural Products Database [PMID: 23638153].
StreptomeDB: a database of streptomycetes natural products [PMID: 33051671].
TM-MC: a database of medicinal materials and chemical compounds in Northeast Asian traditional medicine [PMID: 26156871].
TCM@Taiwan: a Traditional Chinese Medicine database [PMID: 21253603].
TCMID: a Traditional Chinese Medicine database [PMID: 29106634].
TCMSP: The traditional Chinese medicine systems pharmacology database and analysis platform [PMID: 24735618].
HerDing: a herb recommendation system to treat diseases using genes and chemicals [PMID: 26980517].
MetaboLights: a metabolomics database [PMID: 27010336].
FooDB: a database of constituents, chemistry and biology of food species [www.foodb.ca].

  NP Quantity Composition/Concentration

Organism ID NP ID Organism Material Preparation Organism Part NP Quantity (Standard) NP Quantity (Minimum) NP Quantity (Maximum) Quantity Unit Reference

☑ Note for Reference:
In addition to directly collecting NP quantitative data from primary literature (where reference will provided as NCBI PMID or DOI links), NPASS also integrated NP quantitative records for specific NP domains (e.g., NPS from foods or herbs) from domain-specific databases. These databases include:
DUKE: Dr. Duke's Phytochemical and Ethnobotanical Databases.
PHENOL EXPLORER: is the first comprehensive database on polyphenol content in foods [PMID: 24103452], its homepage can be accessed at here.
FooDB: a database of constituents, chemistry and biology of food species [www.foodb.ca].

  Biological Activity

Target ID Target Type Target Name Target Organism Activity Type Activity Relation Value Unit Reference
NPT113 Cell Line RAW264.7 Mus musculus IC50 = 87100.0 nM PMID[566564]

☑ Note for Activity Records:
☉ The quantitative biological activities were primarily integrated from ChEMBL (Version-30) database and were also directly collected from PubMed literature. PubMed PMID was provided as the reference link for each activity record.

  Chemically structural similarity: I. Similar Active Natural Products in NPASS

Top-200 similar NPs were calculated against the active-NP-set (includes 4,3285 NPs with experimentally-derived bioactivity available in NPASS)

Similarity level is defined by Tanimoto coefficient (Tc) between two molecules. Tc lies between [0, 1] where '1' indicates the highest similarity. What is Tanimoto coefficient

●  The left chart: Distribution of similarity level between NPC98165 and all remaining natural products in the NPASS database.
●  The right table: Most similar natural products (Tc>=0.56 or Top200).

Similarity Score Similarity Level Natural Product ID
0.9032 High Similarity NPC220221
0.8764 High Similarity NPC290052
0.8764 High Similarity NPC53011
0.8764 High Similarity NPC37005
0.8764 High Similarity NPC154893
0.8764 High Similarity NPC16887
0.8404 Intermediate Similarity NPC471184
0.8229 Intermediate Similarity NPC272293
0.8229 Intermediate Similarity NPC40821
0.8229 Intermediate Similarity NPC32862
0.8065 Intermediate Similarity NPC287015
0.8065 Intermediate Similarity NPC146850
0.8061 Intermediate Similarity NPC37408
0.8061 Intermediate Similarity NPC469873
0.8058 Intermediate Similarity NPC54737
0.8058 Intermediate Similarity NPC243998
0.8 Intermediate Similarity NPC221615
0.7921 Intermediate Similarity NPC471381
0.7885 Intermediate Similarity NPC223450
0.7879 Intermediate Similarity NPC170120
0.7879 Intermediate Similarity NPC329435
0.7857 Intermediate Similarity NPC258216
0.7857 Intermediate Similarity NPC471483
0.7843 Intermediate Similarity NPC150923
0.783 Intermediate Similarity NPC59489
0.783 Intermediate Similarity NPC139838
0.7822 Intermediate Similarity NPC45125
0.7788 Intermediate Similarity NPC161775
0.7778 Intermediate Similarity NPC96541
0.7767 Intermediate Similarity NPC470972
0.7767 Intermediate Similarity NPC86077
0.7755 Intermediate Similarity NPC155215
0.7755 Intermediate Similarity NPC158061
0.7745 Intermediate Similarity NPC130792
0.7745 Intermediate Similarity NPC186861
0.7732 Intermediate Similarity NPC212664
0.7723 Intermediate Similarity NPC161493
0.7714 Intermediate Similarity NPC470980
0.7708 Intermediate Similarity NPC191283
0.77 Intermediate Similarity NPC213698
0.77 Intermediate Similarity NPC472873
0.77 Intermediate Similarity NPC52044
0.7692 Intermediate Similarity NPC124881
0.7685 Intermediate Similarity NPC71680
0.7653 Intermediate Similarity NPC216284
0.7636 Intermediate Similarity NPC121816
0.7636 Intermediate Similarity NPC216665
0.7624 Intermediate Similarity NPC213078
0.7624 Intermediate Similarity NPC473333
0.76 Intermediate Similarity NPC470010
0.76 Intermediate Similarity NPC127019
0.76 Intermediate Similarity NPC323008
0.76 Intermediate Similarity NPC262133
0.76 Intermediate Similarity NPC472467
0.76 Intermediate Similarity NPC470013
0.7593 Intermediate Similarity NPC15551
0.7576 Intermediate Similarity NPC475925
0.7573 Intermediate Similarity NPC70865
0.7573 Intermediate Similarity NPC79631
0.7551 Intermediate Similarity NPC215556
0.7551 Intermediate Similarity NPC299527
0.7549 Intermediate Similarity NPC205143
0.7549 Intermediate Similarity NPC477949
0.7549 Intermediate Similarity NPC181151
0.7549 Intermediate Similarity NPC2666
0.7549 Intermediate Similarity NPC471150
0.7549 Intermediate Similarity NPC182811
0.7547 Intermediate Similarity NPC85670
0.7545 Intermediate Similarity NPC273242
0.7526 Intermediate Similarity NPC45957
0.7526 Intermediate Similarity NPC471657
0.7525 Intermediate Similarity NPC476053
0.7525 Intermediate Similarity NPC240838
0.7525 Intermediate Similarity NPC67584
0.7525 Intermediate Similarity NPC471915
0.75 Intermediate Similarity NPC471185
0.75 Intermediate Similarity NPC257853
0.75 Intermediate Similarity NPC470187
0.75 Intermediate Similarity NPC245434
0.7477 Intermediate Similarity NPC472263
0.7477 Intermediate Similarity NPC43213
0.7477 Intermediate Similarity NPC108682
0.7477 Intermediate Similarity NPC469957
0.7477 Intermediate Similarity NPC469959
0.7477 Intermediate Similarity NPC106446
0.7477 Intermediate Similarity NPC472820
0.7477 Intermediate Similarity NPC204884
0.7476 Intermediate Similarity NPC79449
0.7476 Intermediate Similarity NPC473326
0.7476 Intermediate Similarity NPC474957
0.7476 Intermediate Similarity NPC222303
0.7476 Intermediate Similarity NPC187268
0.7476 Intermediate Similarity NPC274458
0.7474 Intermediate Similarity NPC231601
0.7455 Intermediate Similarity NPC241477
0.7451 Intermediate Similarity NPC18019
0.7451 Intermediate Similarity NPC319861
0.7451 Intermediate Similarity NPC284063
0.7451 Intermediate Similarity NPC24956
0.7449 Intermediate Similarity NPC79549
0.7431 Intermediate Similarity NPC257240
0.7429 Intermediate Similarity NPC214714
0.7429 Intermediate Similarity NPC200672
0.7426 Intermediate Similarity NPC477131
0.7426 Intermediate Similarity NPC281775
0.7426 Intermediate Similarity NPC198853
0.7423 Intermediate Similarity NPC311163
0.7411 Intermediate Similarity NPC255450
0.7411 Intermediate Similarity NPC170692
0.7407 Intermediate Similarity NPC117604
0.74 Intermediate Similarity NPC472468
0.74 Intermediate Similarity NPC131209
0.7387 Intermediate Similarity NPC287075
0.7383 Intermediate Similarity NPC265502
0.7383 Intermediate Similarity NPC472818
0.7383 Intermediate Similarity NPC44004
0.7383 Intermediate Similarity NPC29389
0.7383 Intermediate Similarity NPC93026
0.7383 Intermediate Similarity NPC469960
0.7379 Intermediate Similarity NPC474313
0.7379 Intermediate Similarity NPC86843
0.7379 Intermediate Similarity NPC476057
0.7379 Intermediate Similarity NPC474182
0.7379 Intermediate Similarity NPC254121
0.7379 Intermediate Similarity NPC347923
0.7374 Intermediate Similarity NPC32922
0.7374 Intermediate Similarity NPC472872
0.7358 Intermediate Similarity NPC329834
0.7353 Intermediate Similarity NPC304886
0.7353 Intermediate Similarity NPC471492
0.7353 Intermediate Similarity NPC14961
0.7353 Intermediate Similarity NPC270013
0.7345 Intermediate Similarity NPC290693
0.7333 Intermediate Similarity NPC26557
0.7333 Intermediate Similarity NPC477950
0.7328 Intermediate Similarity NPC115349
0.7321 Intermediate Similarity NPC305044
0.7321 Intermediate Similarity NPC265290
0.732 Intermediate Similarity NPC471494
0.7315 Intermediate Similarity NPC26617
0.7312 Intermediate Similarity NPC23187
0.73 Intermediate Similarity NPC472466
0.73 Intermediate Similarity NPC35809
0.73 Intermediate Similarity NPC3952
0.73 Intermediate Similarity NPC37607
0.73 Intermediate Similarity NPC473448
0.73 Intermediate Similarity NPC301969
0.7297 Intermediate Similarity NPC258711
0.7297 Intermediate Similarity NPC35069
0.7292 Intermediate Similarity NPC471340
0.729 Intermediate Similarity NPC472819
0.729 Intermediate Similarity NPC100487
0.7282 Intermediate Similarity NPC113433
0.7282 Intermediate Similarity NPC279621
0.7273 Intermediate Similarity NPC224652
0.7273 Intermediate Similarity NPC217983
0.7273 Intermediate Similarity NPC207114
0.7265 Intermediate Similarity NPC84865
0.7264 Intermediate Similarity NPC252242
0.7264 Intermediate Similarity NPC475956
0.7264 Intermediate Similarity NPC475986
0.7255 Intermediate Similarity NPC474035
0.7255 Intermediate Similarity NPC81386
0.7248 Intermediate Similarity NPC181994
0.7248 Intermediate Similarity NPC308191
0.7245 Intermediate Similarity NPC187661
0.7245 Intermediate Similarity NPC204048
0.7238 Intermediate Similarity NPC469864
0.7238 Intermediate Similarity NPC469872
0.7232 Intermediate Similarity NPC101965
0.7232 Intermediate Similarity NPC106395
0.7232 Intermediate Similarity NPC46269
0.7232 Intermediate Similarity NPC101400
0.7228 Intermediate Similarity NPC63193
0.7228 Intermediate Similarity NPC184063
0.7228 Intermediate Similarity NPC29821
0.7228 Intermediate Similarity NPC78594
0.7228 Intermediate Similarity NPC133698
0.7228 Intermediate Similarity NPC57304
0.7228 Intermediate Similarity NPC133888
0.7228 Intermediate Similarity NPC293001
0.7228 Intermediate Similarity NPC35959
0.7228 Intermediate Similarity NPC235051
0.7228 Intermediate Similarity NPC171360
0.7222 Intermediate Similarity NPC179891
0.7222 Intermediate Similarity NPC220217
0.7222 Intermediate Similarity NPC119855
0.7217 Intermediate Similarity NPC304260
0.7217 Intermediate Similarity NPC5883
0.7217 Intermediate Similarity NPC477092
0.7217 Intermediate Similarity NPC44899
0.7217 Intermediate Similarity NPC29639
0.7216 Intermediate Similarity NPC78673
0.7216 Intermediate Similarity NPC160517
0.7216 Intermediate Similarity NPC186155
0.7212 Intermediate Similarity NPC311904
0.7212 Intermediate Similarity NPC236580
0.7212 Intermediate Similarity NPC471490
0.7212 Intermediate Similarity NPC304445
0.7203 Intermediate Similarity NPC226049

  Chemically structural similarity: II. Similar Clinical/Approved Drugs

Similarity level is defined by Tanimoto coefficient (Tc) between two molecules.

●  The left chart: Distribution of similarity level between NPC98165 and all drugs/candidates.
●  The right table: Most similar clinical/approved drugs (Tc>=0.56 or Top200).

Similarity Score Similarity Level Drug ID Developmental Stage
0.7431 Intermediate Similarity NPD6371 Approved
0.7315 Intermediate Similarity NPD7899 Clinical (unspecified phase)
0.73 Intermediate Similarity NPD7838 Discovery
0.72 Intermediate Similarity NPD1695 Approved
0.7129 Intermediate Similarity NPD46 Approved
0.7129 Intermediate Similarity NPD6698 Approved
0.7094 Intermediate Similarity NPD8033 Approved
0.7071 Intermediate Similarity NPD4249 Approved
0.7009 Intermediate Similarity NPD5344 Discontinued
0.7 Intermediate Similarity NPD4250 Approved
0.7 Intermediate Similarity NPD4251 Approved
0.6991 Remote Similarity NPD6053 Discontinued
0.6983 Remote Similarity NPD7327 Approved
0.6983 Remote Similarity NPD7328 Approved
0.6923 Remote Similarity NPD7516 Approved
0.6864 Remote Similarity NPD8377 Approved
0.6864 Remote Similarity NPD8294 Approved
0.6807 Remote Similarity NPD8379 Approved
0.6807 Remote Similarity NPD8296 Approved
0.6807 Remote Similarity NPD8335 Approved
0.6807 Remote Similarity NPD8378 Approved
0.6807 Remote Similarity NPD8380 Approved
0.6804 Remote Similarity NPD4819 Approved
0.6804 Remote Similarity NPD4820 Approved
0.6804 Remote Similarity NPD4821 Approved
0.6804 Remote Similarity NPD5790 Clinical (unspecified phase)
0.6804 Remote Similarity NPD4822 Approved
0.68 Remote Similarity NPD6082 Clinical (unspecified phase)
0.6726 Remote Similarity NPD4061 Clinical (unspecified phase)
0.6721 Remote Similarity NPD7507 Approved
0.6667 Remote Similarity NPD8029 Clinical (unspecified phase)
0.6637 Remote Similarity NPD6686 Approved
0.6606 Remote Similarity NPD6648 Approved
0.66 Remote Similarity NPD5362 Discontinued
0.6598 Remote Similarity NPD4268 Approved
0.6598 Remote Similarity NPD4271 Approved
0.656 Remote Similarity NPD7319 Approved
0.6529 Remote Similarity NPD7503 Approved
0.6455 Remote Similarity NPD7640 Approved
0.6455 Remote Similarity NPD7639 Approved
0.6436 Remote Similarity NPD5332 Approved
0.6436 Remote Similarity NPD5331 Approved
0.64 Remote Similarity NPD4790 Discontinued
0.6389 Remote Similarity NPD1698 Clinical (unspecified phase)
0.6379 Remote Similarity NPD5955 Clinical (unspecified phase)
0.6364 Remote Similarity NPD4225 Approved
0.6364 Remote Similarity NPD7638 Approved
0.6339 Remote Similarity NPD7632 Discontinued
0.6333 Remote Similarity NPD7115 Discovery
0.6325 Remote Similarity NPD8413 Clinical (unspecified phase)
0.6321 Remote Similarity NPD5785 Approved
0.6311 Remote Similarity NPD1733 Clinical (unspecified phase)
0.6275 Remote Similarity NPD7154 Phase 3
0.6262 Remote Similarity NPD7983 Approved
0.6261 Remote Similarity NPD6412 Phase 2
0.6214 Remote Similarity NPD6400 Clinical (unspecified phase)
0.619 Remote Similarity NPD7524 Approved
0.6176 Remote Similarity NPD6435 Approved
0.6154 Remote Similarity NPD5363 Approved
0.6121 Remote Similarity NPD5954 Clinical (unspecified phase)
0.6111 Remote Similarity NPD7637 Suspended
0.6058 Remote Similarity NPD7338 Clinical (unspecified phase)
0.6036 Remote Similarity NPD4792 Clinical (unspecified phase)
0.6034 Remote Similarity NPD6008 Approved
0.6022 Remote Similarity NPD2685 Clinical (unspecified phase)
0.6019 Remote Similarity NPD4270 Approved
0.6019 Remote Similarity NPD4269 Approved
0.5984 Remote Similarity NPD7492 Approved
0.598 Remote Similarity NPD5368 Approved
0.5962 Remote Similarity NPD6695 Phase 3
0.595 Remote Similarity NPD4632 Approved
0.595 Remote Similarity NPD8133 Approved
0.5943 Remote Similarity NPD5786 Approved
0.5938 Remote Similarity NPD6616 Approved
0.5935 Remote Similarity NPD6009 Approved
0.5922 Remote Similarity NPD5369 Approved
0.592 Remote Similarity NPD6319 Approved
0.592 Remote Similarity NPD6054 Approved
0.592 Remote Similarity NPD6059 Approved
0.5891 Remote Similarity NPD7078 Approved
0.5891 Remote Similarity NPD8293 Discontinued
0.5873 Remote Similarity NPD8517 Approved
0.5873 Remote Similarity NPD6016 Approved
0.5873 Remote Similarity NPD8513 Phase 3
0.5873 Remote Similarity NPD8516 Approved
0.5873 Remote Similarity NPD6015 Approved
0.5873 Remote Similarity NPD8515 Approved
0.5846 Remote Similarity NPD7736 Approved
0.5841 Remote Similarity NPD6084 Phase 2
0.5841 Remote Similarity NPD6083 Phase 2
0.5827 Remote Similarity NPD6370 Approved
0.5827 Remote Similarity NPD5988 Approved
0.5826 Remote Similarity NPD4159 Approved
0.5825 Remote Similarity NPD4252 Approved
0.5814 Remote Similarity NPD8273 Phase 1
0.5804 Remote Similarity NPD5695 Phase 3
0.5798 Remote Similarity NPD7320 Approved
0.5784 Remote Similarity NPD5784 Clinical (unspecified phase)
0.5781 Remote Similarity NPD7642 Approved
0.578 Remote Similarity NPD6051 Approved
0.5766 Remote Similarity NPD5778 Approved
0.5766 Remote Similarity NPD5779 Approved
0.5763 Remote Similarity NPD5739 Approved
0.5763 Remote Similarity NPD7128 Approved
0.5763 Remote Similarity NPD6675 Approved
0.5763 Remote Similarity NPD6402 Approved
0.5741 Remote Similarity NPD7750 Discontinued
0.5738 Remote Similarity NPD8297 Approved
0.5738 Remote Similarity NPD6882 Approved
0.5727 Remote Similarity NPD3168 Discontinued
0.5714 Remote Similarity NPD5282 Discontinued
0.5714 Remote Similarity NPD5697 Approved
0.5714 Remote Similarity NPD5701 Approved
0.568 Remote Similarity NPD7505 Discontinued
0.5678 Remote Similarity NPD4057 Clinical (unspecified phase)
0.5678 Remote Similarity NPD4056 Clinical (unspecified phase)
0.5673 Remote Similarity NPD6930 Phase 2
0.5673 Remote Similarity NPD6931 Approved
0.5667 Remote Similarity NPD6881 Approved
0.5667 Remote Similarity NPD6899 Approved
0.5659 Remote Similarity NPD7604 Phase 2
0.5659 Remote Similarity NPD7830 Approved
0.5659 Remote Similarity NPD7829 Approved
0.5652 Remote Similarity NPD5696 Approved
0.5649 Remote Similarity NPD8074 Phase 3
0.5625 Remote Similarity NPD5983 Phase 2
0.562 Remote Similarity NPD6012 Approved
0.562 Remote Similarity NPD6014 Approved
0.562 Remote Similarity NPD6372 Approved
0.562 Remote Similarity NPD6013 Approved
0.562 Remote Similarity NPD6373 Approved
0.5614 Remote Similarity NPD7839 Suspended

  Bioactivity similarity: Similar Natural Products in NPASS

Bioactivity similarity was calculated based on bioactivity descriptors of compounds. The bioactivity descriptors were calculated by a recently developed AI algorithm Chemical Checker (CC) [Nature Biotechnology, 38:1087–1096, 2020; Nature Communications, 12:3932, 2021], which evaluated bioactivity similarities at five levels:
A: chemistry similarity;
B: biological targets similarity;
C: networks similarity;
D: cell-based bioactivity similarity;
E: similarity based on clinical data.

Those 5 categories of CC bioactivity descriptors were calculated and then subjected to manifold projection using UMAP algorithm, to project all NPs on a 2-Dimensional space. The current NP was highlighted with a small circle in the 2-D map. Below figures: left-to-right, A-to-E.

A: chemistry similarity
B: biological targets similarity
C: networks similarity
D: cell-based bioactivity similarity
E: similarity based on clinical data