NPASS Compound

Structure

Physi-Chem Properties

Molecular Weight:	264.17
Volume:	286.641
LogP:	2.886
LogD:	2.594
LogS:	-3.921
# Rotatable Bonds:	6
TPSA:	43.37
# H-Bond Aceptor:	3
# H-Bond Donor:	0
# Rings:	2
# Heavy Atoms:	3

MedChem Properties

QED Drug-Likeness Score:	0.546
Synthetic Accessibility Score:	3.996
Fsp3:	0.75
Lipinski Rule-of-5:	Accepted
Pfizer Rule:	Accepted
GSK Rule:	Accepted
BMS Rule:	0
Golden Triangle Rule:	Accepted
Chelating Alert:	0
PAINS Alert:	0

ADMET Properties (ADMETlab2.0)

ADMET: Absorption

Caco-2 Permeability:	-4.636
MDCK Permeability:	2.964793202409055e-05
Pgp-inhibitor:	0.549
Pgp-substrate:	0.004
Human Intestinal Absorption (HIA):	0.048
20% Bioavailability (F20%):	0.978
30% Bioavailability (F30%):	0.114

ADMET: Distribution

Blood-Brain-Barrier Penetration (BBB):	0.36
Plasma Protein Binding (PPB):	95.29907989501953%
Volume Distribution (VD):	0.972
Pgp-substrate:	1.3851784467697144%

ADMET: Metabolism

CYP1A2-inhibitor:	0.087
CYP1A2-substrate:	0.861
CYP2C19-inhibitor:	0.452
CYP2C19-substrate:	0.79
CYP2C9-inhibitor:	0.308
CYP2C9-substrate:	0.94
CYP2D6-inhibitor:	0.007
CYP2D6-substrate:	0.685
CYP3A4-inhibitor:	0.189
CYP3A4-substrate:	0.21

ADMET: Excretion

Clearance (CL):	4.383
Half-life (T1/2):	0.71

ADMET: Toxicity

hERG Blockers:	0.03
Human Hepatotoxicity (H-HT):	0.751
Drug-inuced Liver Injury (DILI):	0.568
AMES Toxicity:	0.064
Rat Oral Acute Toxicity:	0.922
Maximum Recommended Daily Dose:	0.908
Skin Sensitization:	0.33
Carcinogencity:	0.221
Eye Corrosion:	0.01
Eye Irritation:	0.217
Respiratory Toxicity:	0.084

Download Data

Data Type	Select
General Info & Identifiers & Properties
Structure MOL file
Source Organisms
Biological Activities
Similar NPs/Drugs

Natural Product: NPC162741

Natural Product ID:	NPC162741
*Common Name:**	Trichodermaketone D
IUPAC Name:	(2R,7R)-7-hydroxy-2-[(E)-oct-1-enyl]-3,5,6,7-tetrahydro-2H-1-benzofuran-4-one
Synonyms:	Trichodermaketone D
Standard InCHIKey:	CPAQHEJNJNOQTQ-RMRLKUHTSA-N
Standard InCHI:	InChI=1S/C16H24O3/c1-2-3-4-5-6-7-8-12-11-13-14(17)9-10-15(18)16(13)19-12/h7-8,12,15,18H,2-6,9-11H2,1H3/b8-7+/t12-,15+/m0/s1
SMILES:	CCCCCC/C=C/[C@H]1CC2=C([C@@H](CCC2=O)O)O1
Synthetic Gene Cluster:	n.a.
ChEMBL Identifier:	CHEMBL1098164
PubChem CID:	46833710
Chemical Classification:**	CHEMONTID:0000000 [Organic compounds] [CHEMONTID:0000002] Organoheterocyclic compounds [CHEMONTID:0000301] Benzofurans

*Note: the InCHIKey will be temporarily assigned as the "Common Name" if no IUPAC name or alternative short name is available.
**Note: the Chemical Classification was calculated by NPClassifier Version 1.5. Reference: PMID:34662515.

Species Source

Organism ID	Organism Name	Taxonomy Level	Family	SuperKingdom	Isolation Part	Collection Location	Collection Time	Reference
NPO5589	Trichoderma koningii	Species	Hypocreaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	DOI[10.1016/0038-0717(88)90050-8]
NPO5589	Trichoderma koningii	Species	Hypocreaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	PMID[20384316]
NPO5589	Trichoderma koningii	Species	Hypocreaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[UNPD]

☑ Note for Reference:
In addition to directly collecting NP source organism data from primary literature (where reference will provided as NCBI PMID or DOI links), NPASS also integrated them from below databases:
☉ UNPD: Universal Natural Products Database [PMID: 23638153].
☉ StreptomeDB: a database of streptomycetes natural products [PMID: 33051671].
☉ TM-MC: a database of medicinal materials and chemical compounds in Northeast Asian traditional medicine [PMID: 26156871].
☉ TCM@Taiwan: a Traditional Chinese Medicine database [PMID: 21253603].
☉ TCMID: a Traditional Chinese Medicine database [PMID: 29106634].
☉ TCMSP: The traditional Chinese medicine systems pharmacology database and analysis platform [PMID: 24735618].
☉ HerDing: a herb recommendation system to treat diseases using genes and chemicals [PMID: 26980517].
☉ MetaboLights: a metabolomics database [PMID: 27010336].
☉ FooDB: a database of constituents, chemistry and biology of food species [www.foodb.ca].

NP Quantity Composition/Concentration

Organism ID	NP ID	Organism Material Preparation	Organism Part	NP Quantity (Standard)	NP Quantity (Minimum)	NP Quantity (Maximum)	Quantity Unit	Reference

☑ Note for Reference:
In addition to directly collecting NP quantitative data from primary literature (where reference will provided as NCBI PMID or DOI links), NPASS also integrated NP quantitative records for specific NP domains (e.g., NPS from foods or herbs) from domain-specific databases. These databases include:
☉ DUKE: Dr. Duke's Phytochemical and Ethnobotanical Databases.
☉ PHENOL EXPLORER: is the first comprehensive database on polyphenol content in foods [PMID: 24103452], its homepage can be accessed at here.
☉ FooDB: a database of constituents, chemistry and biology of food species [www.foodb.ca].

Biological Activity

Activity Type	# Activity
MIC	1

Activity Type	# Activity
Organism	1

Target ID	Target Type	Target Name	Target Organism	Activity Type	Activity Relation	Value	Unit	Reference
NPT16	Organism	Staphylococcus aureus	Staphylococcus aureus	MIC	>	100.0	ug.mL-1	PMID[531527]

☑ Note for Activity Records:
☉ The quantitative biological activities were primarily integrated from ChEMBL (Version-30) database and were also directly collected from PubMed literature. PubMed PMID was provided as the reference link for each activity record.

Chemically structural similarity: I. Similar Active Natural Products in NPASS

Top-200 similar NPs were calculated against the active-NP-set (includes 4,3285 NPs with experimentally-derived bioactivity available in NPASS)

Similarity level is defined by Tanimoto coefficient (Tc) between two molecules. Tc lies between [0, 1] where '1' indicates the highest similarity. What is Tanimoto coefficient

● The left chart: Distribution of similarity level between NPC162741 and all remaining natural products in the NPASS database.
● The right table: Most similar natural products (Tc>=0.56 or Top200).

range	Tanimoto Coefficient
0-0.1	162
0.1-0.2	1315
0.2-0.3	5753
0.3-0.4	14228
0.4-0.5	13682
0.5-0.6	5601
0.6-0.7	1699
0.7-0.8	252
0.8-0.85	3
0.85-0.9	0
0.9-0.95	0
0.95-1	2

Similarity Score	Similarity Level	Natural Product ID
1.0	High Similarity	NPC91332
0.8434	Intermediate Similarity	NPC307126
0.8434	Intermediate Similarity	NPC68303
0.8161	Intermediate Similarity	NPC166554
0.7976	Intermediate Similarity	NPC185256
0.7753	Intermediate Similarity	NPC265856
0.7692	Intermediate Similarity	NPC477241
0.7614	Intermediate Similarity	NPC300779
0.759	Intermediate Similarity	NPC473471
0.7586	Intermediate Similarity	NPC77971
0.7586	Intermediate Similarity	NPC182383
0.7561	Intermediate Similarity	NPC127118
0.7561	Intermediate Similarity	NPC209113
0.7561	Intermediate Similarity	NPC301207
0.7553	Intermediate Similarity	NPC35717
0.7528	Intermediate Similarity	NPC228415
0.7528	Intermediate Similarity	NPC87189
0.75	Intermediate Similarity	NPC134807
0.75	Intermediate Similarity	NPC134885
0.75	Intermediate Similarity	NPC204686
0.75	Intermediate Similarity	NPC279267
0.75	Intermediate Similarity	NPC308412
0.75	Intermediate Similarity	NPC69082
0.75	Intermediate Similarity	NPC219498
0.75	Intermediate Similarity	NPC47937
0.75	Intermediate Similarity	NPC473687
0.75	Intermediate Similarity	NPC112685
0.75	Intermediate Similarity	NPC210218
0.7473	Intermediate Similarity	NPC472010
0.7471	Intermediate Similarity	NPC474251
0.747	Intermediate Similarity	NPC474818
0.747	Intermediate Similarity	NPC49302
0.747	Intermediate Similarity	NPC51809
0.747	Intermediate Similarity	NPC125365
0.747	Intermediate Similarity	NPC176329
0.7468	Intermediate Similarity	NPC475004
0.7468	Intermediate Similarity	NPC475982
0.7447	Intermediate Similarity	NPC239895
0.7439	Intermediate Similarity	NPC478193
0.7439	Intermediate Similarity	NPC478195
0.7439	Intermediate Similarity	NPC478192
0.7439	Intermediate Similarity	NPC478196
0.7439	Intermediate Similarity	NPC478194
0.7439	Intermediate Similarity	NPC478191
0.7416	Intermediate Similarity	NPC472007
0.7412	Intermediate Similarity	NPC47653
0.7391	Intermediate Similarity	NPC11456
0.7386	Intermediate Similarity	NPC473651
0.7386	Intermediate Similarity	NPC82795
0.7386	Intermediate Similarity	NPC103284
0.7386	Intermediate Similarity	NPC66346
0.7386	Intermediate Similarity	NPC1083
0.7386	Intermediate Similarity	NPC473478
0.7386	Intermediate Similarity	NPC473669
0.7386	Intermediate Similarity	NPC283085
0.7386	Intermediate Similarity	NPC223871
0.7386	Intermediate Similarity	NPC231009
0.7386	Intermediate Similarity	NPC107986
0.7386	Intermediate Similarity	NPC286338
0.7386	Intermediate Similarity	NPC110710
0.7386	Intermediate Similarity	NPC132496
0.7381	Intermediate Similarity	NPC279214
0.7381	Intermediate Similarity	NPC221095
0.7368	Intermediate Similarity	NPC300584
0.7368	Intermediate Similarity	NPC306908
0.7356	Intermediate Similarity	NPC144415
0.7356	Intermediate Similarity	NPC253801
0.7342	Intermediate Similarity	NPC474823
0.7333	Intermediate Similarity	NPC472008
0.7326	Intermediate Similarity	NPC150502
0.732	Intermediate Similarity	NPC70369
0.7308	Intermediate Similarity	NPC472072
0.7308	Intermediate Similarity	NPC83965
0.7303	Intermediate Similarity	NPC240695
0.7303	Intermediate Similarity	NPC171174
0.7303	Intermediate Similarity	NPC309211
0.7303	Intermediate Similarity	NPC472009
0.7303	Intermediate Similarity	NPC114694
0.7303	Intermediate Similarity	NPC232555
0.7303	Intermediate Similarity	NPC103523
0.7303	Intermediate Similarity	NPC62118
0.7303	Intermediate Similarity	NPC142117
0.7303	Intermediate Similarity	NPC475581
0.7303	Intermediate Similarity	NPC477010
0.7303	Intermediate Similarity	NPC107717
0.7303	Intermediate Similarity	NPC134865
0.7303	Intermediate Similarity	NPC231096
0.7294	Intermediate Similarity	NPC291260
0.7283	Intermediate Similarity	NPC6099
0.7283	Intermediate Similarity	NPC114345
0.7283	Intermediate Similarity	NPC327760
0.7283	Intermediate Similarity	NPC303230
0.7283	Intermediate Similarity	NPC146852
0.7273	Intermediate Similarity	NPC469852
0.7262	Intermediate Similarity	NPC473536
0.7262	Intermediate Similarity	NPC475711
0.7253	Intermediate Similarity	NPC477011
0.7253	Intermediate Similarity	NPC14901
0.7253	Intermediate Similarity	NPC130359
0.7253	Intermediate Similarity	NPC139418
0.7253	Intermediate Similarity	NPC280612
0.7241	Intermediate Similarity	NPC475046
0.7241	Intermediate Similarity	NPC475159
0.7241	Intermediate Similarity	NPC131002
0.7241	Intermediate Similarity	NPC329829
0.7241	Intermediate Similarity	NPC145914
0.7241	Intermediate Similarity	NPC65930
0.7241	Intermediate Similarity	NPC94875
0.7241	Intermediate Similarity	NPC474252
0.7241	Intermediate Similarity	NPC473712
0.7241	Intermediate Similarity	NPC474959
0.7241	Intermediate Similarity	NPC11383
0.7241	Intermediate Similarity	NPC180363
0.7241	Intermediate Similarity	NPC473529
0.7241	Intermediate Similarity	NPC73310
0.7241	Intermediate Similarity	NPC473780
0.7241	Intermediate Similarity	NPC310450
0.7241	Intermediate Similarity	NPC11332
0.7222	Intermediate Similarity	NPC477012
0.7222	Intermediate Similarity	NPC45409
0.7222	Intermediate Similarity	NPC23622
0.7222	Intermediate Similarity	NPC178215
0.7204	Intermediate Similarity	NPC288240
0.7204	Intermediate Similarity	NPC162205
0.7204	Intermediate Similarity	NPC29798
0.7204	Intermediate Similarity	NPC295204
0.7204	Intermediate Similarity	NPC61275
0.7204	Intermediate Similarity	NPC273579
0.7204	Intermediate Similarity	NPC282644
0.7191	Intermediate Similarity	NPC100921
0.7191	Intermediate Similarity	NPC322529
0.7191	Intermediate Similarity	NPC477018
0.7191	Intermediate Similarity	NPC21469
0.7174	Intermediate Similarity	NPC473904
0.7174	Intermediate Similarity	NPC471399
0.716	Intermediate Similarity	NPC202011
0.7159	Intermediate Similarity	NPC284472
0.7159	Intermediate Similarity	NPC229799
0.7159	Intermediate Similarity	NPC286770
0.7143	Intermediate Similarity	NPC40376
0.7143	Intermediate Similarity	NPC287164
0.7143	Intermediate Similarity	NPC474197
0.7143	Intermediate Similarity	NPC233551
0.7143	Intermediate Similarity	NPC242364
0.7143	Intermediate Similarity	NPC320569
0.7143	Intermediate Similarity	NPC172821
0.7143	Intermediate Similarity	NPC280621
0.7143	Intermediate Similarity	NPC61257
0.7143	Intermediate Similarity	NPC133730
0.7143	Intermediate Similarity	NPC234077
0.7143	Intermediate Similarity	NPC261952
0.7143	Intermediate Similarity	NPC20339
0.7143	Intermediate Similarity	NPC477708
0.7143	Intermediate Similarity	NPC48338
0.7143	Intermediate Similarity	NPC151403
0.7143	Intermediate Similarity	NPC81045
0.7143	Intermediate Similarity	NPC100454
0.7143	Intermediate Similarity	NPC191929
0.7143	Intermediate Similarity	NPC171135
0.7143	Intermediate Similarity	NPC21208
0.7143	Intermediate Similarity	NPC169511
0.7143	Intermediate Similarity	NPC274446
0.7143	Intermediate Similarity	NPC39754
0.7125	Intermediate Similarity	NPC218477
0.7111	Intermediate Similarity	NPC477015
0.7093	Intermediate Similarity	NPC475210
0.7093	Intermediate Similarity	NPC99651
0.7083	Intermediate Similarity	NPC20066
0.7079	Intermediate Similarity	NPC163093
0.7079	Intermediate Similarity	NPC243618
0.7079	Intermediate Similarity	NPC469809
0.7079	Intermediate Similarity	NPC70424
0.7079	Intermediate Similarity	NPC156804
0.7079	Intermediate Similarity	NPC31086
0.7065	Intermediate Similarity	NPC477017
0.7065	Intermediate Similarity	NPC471054
0.7065	Intermediate Similarity	NPC42598
0.7065	Intermediate Similarity	NPC91067
0.7065	Intermediate Similarity	NPC81778
0.7065	Intermediate Similarity	NPC318963
0.7065	Intermediate Similarity	NPC295448
0.7065	Intermediate Similarity	NPC40066
0.7065	Intermediate Similarity	NPC93794
0.7065	Intermediate Similarity	NPC473504
0.7065	Intermediate Similarity	NPC20621
0.7065	Intermediate Similarity	NPC477016
0.7059	Intermediate Similarity	NPC471061
0.7059	Intermediate Similarity	NPC320630
0.7059	Intermediate Similarity	NPC272267
0.7059	Intermediate Similarity	NPC474278
0.7059	Intermediate Similarity	NPC116177
0.7059	Intermediate Similarity	NPC7563
0.7051	Intermediate Similarity	NPC477457
0.7051	Intermediate Similarity	NPC477456
0.7041	Intermediate Similarity	NPC471401
0.7041	Intermediate Similarity	NPC9878
0.7037	Intermediate Similarity	NPC236208
0.7037	Intermediate Similarity	NPC94488
0.7037	Intermediate Similarity	NPC262673
0.7033	Intermediate Similarity	NPC154097

Chemically structural similarity: II. Similar Clinical/Approved Drugs

Similarity level is defined by Tanimoto coefficient (Tc) between two molecules.

● The left chart: Distribution of similarity level between NPC162741 and all drugs/candidates.
● The right table: Most similar clinical/approved drugs (Tc>=0.56 or Top200).

range	Tanimoto Coefficient
0-0.1	147
0.1-0.2	1873
0.2-0.3	4011
0.3-0.4	2342
0.4-0.5	596
0.5-0.6	153
0.6-0.7	27
0.7-0.8	1
0.8-0.85	0
0.85-0.9	0
0.9-0.95	0
0.95-1	0

Similarity Score	Similarity Level	Drug ID	Developmental Stage
0.7356	Intermediate Similarity	NPD6110	Phase 1
0.6875	Remote Similarity	NPD3704	Approved
0.686	Remote Similarity	NPD4756	Discovery
0.6667	Remote Similarity	NPD6108	Clinical (unspecified phase)
0.6632	Remote Similarity	NPD46	Approved
0.6632	Remote Similarity	NPD6698	Approved
0.6593	Remote Similarity	NPD7154	Phase 3
0.65	Remote Similarity	NPD2664	Clinical (unspecified phase)
0.65	Remote Similarity	NPD4225	Approved
0.6458	Remote Similarity	NPD5785	Approved
0.6344	Remote Similarity	NPD6400	Clinical (unspecified phase)
0.6337	Remote Similarity	NPD8029	Clinical (unspecified phase)
0.6289	Remote Similarity	NPD7838	Discovery
0.6277	Remote Similarity	NPD5363	Approved
0.6265	Remote Similarity	NPD7331	Phase 2
0.6264	Remote Similarity	NPD5790	Clinical (unspecified phase)
0.625	Remote Similarity	NPD4246	Clinical (unspecified phase)
0.6224	Remote Similarity	NPD7983	Approved
0.622	Remote Similarity	NPD3197	Phase 1
0.6211	Remote Similarity	NPD5786	Approved
0.6211	Remote Similarity	NPD4249	Approved
0.62	Remote Similarity	NPD1698	Clinical (unspecified phase)
0.6161	Remote Similarity	NPD7115	Discovery
0.6146	Remote Similarity	NPD4251	Approved
0.6146	Remote Similarity	NPD4250	Approved
0.6129	Remote Similarity	NPD4270	Approved
0.6129	Remote Similarity	NPD4269	Approved
0.6105	Remote Similarity	NPD1696	Phase 3
0.6105	Remote Similarity	NPD1694	Approved
0.61	Remote Similarity	NPD5282	Discontinued
0.6087	Remote Similarity	NPD4252	Approved
0.6064	Remote Similarity	NPD5362	Discontinued
0.6058	Remote Similarity	NPD5344	Discontinued
0.6055	Remote Similarity	NPD6371	Approved
0.6044	Remote Similarity	NPD4268	Approved
0.6044	Remote Similarity	NPD4271	Approved
0.6	Remote Similarity	NPD5779	Approved
0.6	Remote Similarity	NPD7116	Clinical (unspecified phase)
0.6	Remote Similarity	NPD5778	Approved
0.6	Remote Similarity	NPD4247	Clinical (unspecified phase)
0.6	Remote Similarity	NPD585	Clinical (unspecified phase)
0.5957	Remote Similarity	NPD5209	Approved
0.5952	Remote Similarity	NPD2685	Clinical (unspecified phase)
0.5938	Remote Similarity	NPD6082	Clinical (unspecified phase)
0.5938	Remote Similarity	NPD1733	Clinical (unspecified phase)
0.5914	Remote Similarity	NPD4821	Approved
0.5914	Remote Similarity	NPD4820	Approved
0.5914	Remote Similarity	NPD4822	Approved
0.5914	Remote Similarity	NPD4819	Approved
0.5914	Remote Similarity	NPD8259	Clinical (unspecified phase)
0.59	Remote Similarity	NPD4810	Clinical (unspecified phase)
0.5895	Remote Similarity	NPD5331	Approved
0.5895	Remote Similarity	NPD5332	Approved
0.5889	Remote Similarity	NPD8039	Approved
0.5876	Remote Similarity	NPD3618	Phase 1
0.5875	Remote Similarity	NPD8779	Phase 3
0.5872	Remote Similarity	NPD6686	Approved
0.587	Remote Similarity	NPD5784	Clinical (unspecified phase)
0.5859	Remote Similarity	NPD5370	Suspended
0.5856	Remote Similarity	NPD8413	Clinical (unspecified phase)
0.5851	Remote Similarity	NPD5369	Approved
0.5851	Remote Similarity	NPD4790	Discontinued
0.5833	Remote Similarity	NPD3666	Approved
0.5833	Remote Similarity	NPD3665	Phase 1
0.5833	Remote Similarity	NPD3133	Approved
0.5825	Remote Similarity	NPD4792	Clinical (unspecified phase)
0.5823	Remote Similarity	NPD4627	Clinical (unspecified phase)
0.581	Remote Similarity	NPD7640	Approved
0.581	Remote Similarity	NPD7639	Approved
0.5804	Remote Similarity	NPD6053	Discontinued
0.5802	Remote Similarity	NPD6109	Phase 1
0.5789	Remote Similarity	NPD6435	Approved
0.5789	Remote Similarity	NPD4752	Clinical (unspecified phase)
0.5789	Remote Similarity	NPD3667	Approved
0.578	Remote Similarity	NPD7899	Clinical (unspecified phase)
0.5766	Remote Similarity	NPD2067	Discontinued
0.5765	Remote Similarity	NPD7341	Phase 2
0.5743	Remote Similarity	NPD6079	Approved
0.5726	Remote Similarity	NPD7299	Clinical (unspecified phase)
0.5714	Remote Similarity	NPD7638	Approved
0.5714	Remote Similarity	NPD4519	Discontinued
0.5714	Remote Similarity	NPD4623	Approved
0.5714	Remote Similarity	NPD5279	Phase 3
0.57	Remote Similarity	NPD5764	Clinical (unspecified phase)
0.57	Remote Similarity	NPD5328	Approved
0.57	Remote Similarity	NPD6101	Approved
0.5678	Remote Similarity	NPD8517	Approved
0.5678	Remote Similarity	NPD8513	Phase 3
0.5678	Remote Similarity	NPD8515	Approved
0.5678	Remote Similarity	NPD8516	Approved
0.5676	Remote Similarity	NPD4061	Clinical (unspecified phase)
0.5673	Remote Similarity	NPD7839	Suspended
0.567	Remote Similarity	NPD4786	Approved
0.566	Remote Similarity	NPD6648	Approved
0.5657	Remote Similarity	NPD7524	Approved
0.5652	Remote Similarity	NPD818	Approved
0.5652	Remote Similarity	NPD819	Approved
0.5648	Remote Similarity	NPD6647	Phase 2
0.5625	Remote Similarity	NPD4800	Clinical (unspecified phase)
0.5625	Remote Similarity	NPD342	Phase 1
0.561	Remote Similarity	NPD69	Approved
0.561	Remote Similarity	NPD9119	Approved

Bioactivity similarity: Similar Natural Products in NPASS

Bioactivity similarity was calculated based on bioactivity descriptors of compounds. The bioactivity descriptors were calculated by a recently developed AI algorithm Chemical Checker (CC) [Nature Biotechnology, 38:1087–1096, 2020; Nature Communications, 12:3932, 2021], which evaluated bioactivity similarities at five levels:
☉ A: chemistry similarity;
☉ B: biological targets similarity;
☉ C: networks similarity;
☉ D: cell-based bioactivity similarity;
☉ E: similarity based on clinical data.

Those 5 categories of CC bioactivity descriptors were calculated and then subjected to manifold projection using UMAP algorithm, to project all NPs on a 2-Dimensional space. The current NP was highlighted with a small circle in the 2-D map. Below figures: left-to-right, A-to-E.

A: chemistry similarity

B: biological targets similarity

C: networks similarity

D: cell-based bioactivity similarity

E: similarity based on clinical data