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Plant Name: Ligustrum lucidum


Taxonomic Information:

Plant ID: NPO18340
Plant Latin Name: Ligustrum lucidum
Taxonomy Genus: Ligustrum
Taxonomy Family: Oleaceae

Plant External Links:

NCBI TaxonomyDB: 458695
Plant-of-the-World-Online: n.a.


Used in Medicines:

Country/Region:
China; India

Traditional Medicine System:
Indian Folk; TCM


Medicinal Functions:

Anodyne; Antiseptic; Antitumor; Cardiotonic; Diaphoretic; Diuretic; Febrifuge; Miscellany; Ophthalmic; Pectoral; Tonic; Vulnerary


Geographical Distribution:

India; China

Example Image
Geographical Distribution
See the Plant Occurrence Worldwide with Latitude and Longitude Available



Collective Molecular Activities of the Plant

List of Human Proteins Collectively Targeted by the Plant

Target Activity Range: ≤ 1μM
Click Gene ID to Access Activity Profile of Individual Target
Target Class
Target Proteins
Small molecule receptor (family A GPCR)
FFAR1; FFAR4;
Peptide receptor (family A GPCR)
NPSR1;
Hydrolase
ACHE;
Enzyme_unclassified
RECQL; AKR1B10; ALOX12; HSD17B1; HSD17B10; NOX4; ALOX15; POLB;
Protein Phosphatase
CDC25B;
Protein Kinase
MET; AXL; FLT3; CDK1; PIM1; KDR; IGF1R; AURKB; CSNK2A1;
Nuclear hormone receptor subfamily 1 group C
PPARA;
Nuclear hormone receptor subfamily 1 group F
RORC;
Nuclear hormone receptor subfamily 1 group H
NR1H4;
Nuclear hormone receptor subfamily 3 group A
ESR2;
Unclassified
LMNA; FABP3; FABP5; THPO;


List of Human Cytochrome P450 Enzymes Affected by the Plant

Activity Range: ≤ 1μM
Click Gene ID to Access Activity Profile of Individual Enzyme
Cytochrome P450 Enzymes: CYP1A1; CYP19A1; CYP1A2; CYP1B1;

Detailed Information of Target Proteins

Protein Class Gene ID Protein Name Uniprot ID Target ChEMBL ID
Cytochrome P450 family 1 CYP1A1 Cytochrome P450 1A1 P04798 CHEMBL2231
Cytochrome P450 family 1 CYP1A2 Cytochrome P450 1A2 P05177 CHEMBL3356
Cytochrome P450 family 1 CYP1B1 Cytochrome P450 1B1 Q16678 CHEMBL4878
Cytochrome P450 family 19 CYP19A1 Cytochrome P450 19A1 P11511 CHEMBL1978
Enzyme_unclassified RECQL ATP-dependent DNA helicase Q1 P46063 CHEMBL1293236
Enzyme_unclassified AKR1B10 Aldo-keto reductase family 1 member B10 O60218 CHEMBL5983
Enzyme_unclassified ALOX12 Arachidonate 12-lipoxygenase P18054 CHEMBL3687
Enzyme_unclassified HSD17B1 Estradiol 17-beta-dehydrogenase 1 P14061 CHEMBL3181
Enzyme_unclassified HSD17B10 Endoplasmic reticulum-associated amyloid beta-peptide-binding protein Q99714 CHEMBL4159
Enzyme_unclassified NOX4 NADPH oxidase 4 Q9NPH5 CHEMBL1250375
Enzyme_unclassified ALOX15 Arachidonate 15-lipoxygenase P16050 CHEMBL2903
Enzyme_unclassified POLB DNA polymerase beta P06746 CHEMBL2392
Hydrolase ACHE Acetylcholinesterase P22303 CHEMBL220
Nuclear hormone receptor subfamily 1 group C PPARA Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha Q07869 CHEMBL239
Nuclear hormone receptor subfamily 1 group F RORC Nuclear receptor ROR-gamma P51449 CHEMBL1741186
Nuclear hormone receptor subfamily 1 group H NR1H4 Bile acid receptor FXR Q96RI1 CHEMBL2047
Nuclear hormone receptor subfamily 3 group A ESR2 Estrogen receptor beta Q92731 CHEMBL242
Peptide receptor (family A GPCR) NPSR1 Neuropeptide S receptor Q6W5P4 CHEMBL5162
Protein Kinase MET Hepatocyte growth factor receptor P08581 CHEMBL3717
Protein Kinase AXL Tyrosine-protein kinase receptor UFO P30530 CHEMBL4895
Protein Kinase FLT3 Tyrosine-protein kinase receptor FLT3 P36888 CHEMBL1974
Protein Kinase CDK1 Cyclin-dependent kinase 1 P06493 CHEMBL308
Protein Kinase PIM1 Serine/threonine-protein kinase PIM1 P11309 CHEMBL2147
Protein Kinase KDR Vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 P35968 CHEMBL279
Protein Kinase IGF1R Insulin-like growth factor I receptor P08069 CHEMBL1957
Protein Kinase AURKB Serine/threonine-protein kinase Aurora-B Q96GD4 CHEMBL2185
Protein Kinase CSNK2A1 Casein kinase II alpha P68400 CHEMBL3629
Protein Phosphatase CDC25B Dual specificity phosphatase Cdc25B P30305 CHEMBL4804
Small molecule receptor (family A GPCR) FFAR1 Free fatty acid receptor 1 O14842 CHEMBL4422
Small molecule receptor (family A GPCR) FFAR4 G-protein coupled receptor 120 Q5NUL3 CHEMBL5339
Unclassified LMNA Prelamin-A/C P02545 CHEMBL1293235
Unclassified FABP3 Fatty acid binding protein muscle P05413 CHEMBL3344
Unclassified FABP5 Fatty acid binding protein epidermal Q01469 CHEMBL3674
Unclassified THPO Thrombopoietin P40225 CHEMBL1293256
Enrichment of Gene Ontology of Target Proteins (Activity≤1μM)


Detailed Information of Enriched Gene Ontolgy
GO Type GO Category Enriched GO Terms p-Value Adjusted p-Value Enriched Genes
MF GO:0005488; binding GO:0019825; oxygen binding 1.444E-08 2.290E-05 CYP19A1, CYP1A1, CYP1A2, CYP1B1, NOX4
MF GO:0003824; catalytic activity GO:0070330; aromatase activity 6.917E-08 7.927E-05 CYP19A1, CYP1A1, CYP1A2, CYP1B1
BP GO:0009987; cellular process GO:0043066; negative regulation of apoptotic process 1.378E-07 1.250E-04 ALOX12, AURKB, AXL, CDK1, CSNK2A1, FFAR4, IGF1R, KDR, LMNA, NR1H4, PIM1
MF GO:0005488; binding GO:0005506; iron ion binding 3.264E-07 2.221E-04 ALOX12, ALOX15, CYP19A1, CYP1A1, CYP1A2, CYP1B1
BP GO:0008152; metabolic process GO:0097267; omega-hydroxylase P450 pathway 5.929E-07 3.466E-04 CYP1A1, CYP1A2, CYP1B1
BP GO:0008152; metabolic process GO:0046777; protein autophosphorylation 1.073E-06 4.972E-04 AURKB, CSNK2A1, FLT3, IGF1R, KDR, PIM1
MF GO:0140110; transcription regulator activity GO:0004879; nuclear receptor activity 1.602E-06 6.461E-04 ESR2, NR1H4, PPARA, RORC
BP GO:0008152; metabolic process GO:0055114; oxidation-reduction process 2.123E-06 7.971E-04 AKR1B10, ALOX12, ALOX15, CYP19A1, CYP1A1, CYP1A2, CYP1B1, HSD17B1, HSD17B10, NOX4
BP GO:0008152; metabolic process GO:2001303; lipoxin A4 biosynthetic process 3.007E-06 9.922E-04 ALOX12, ALOX15
MF GO:0005488; binding GO:0020037; heme binding 2.818E-06 9.922E-04 CYP19A1, CYP1A1, CYP1A2, CYP1B1, NOX4
MF GO:0003824; catalytic activity GO:0047977; hepoxilin-epoxide hydrolase activity 3.007E-06 9.922E-04 ALOX12, ALOX15
MF GO:0060089; molecular transducer activity GO:0003707; steroid hormone receptor activity 3.399E-06 1.057E-03 ESR2, NR1H4, PPARA, RORC
BP GO:0008152; metabolic process GO:0019373; epoxygenase P450 pathway 6.485E-06 1.765E-03 CYP1A1, CYP1A2, CYP1B1
MF Unclassified; GO:0004872; receptor activity 7.298E-06 1.899E-03 AXL, ESR2, FFAR1, FFAR4, FLT3, IGF1R, KDR, MET, NPSR1, NR1H4, PPARA, RORC
BP GO:0008152; metabolic process GO:0006367; transcription initiation from RNA polymerase II promoter 8.393E-06 2.125E-03 CDK1, ESR2, NR1H4, PPARA, RORC
BP GO:0008152; metabolic process GO:0009404; toxin metabolic process 8.614E-06 2.156E-03 CYP1A1, CYP1A2, CYP1B1
MF GO:0003824; catalytic activity GO:0004052; arachidonate 12-lipoxygenase activity 9.012E-06 2.205E-03 ALOX12, ALOX15
MF GO:0003824; catalytic activity GO:0051120; hepoxilin A3 synthase activity 9.012E-06 2.205E-03 ALOX12, ALOX15
BP GO:0032502; developmental process GO:0031100; animal organ regeneration 9.382E-06 2.245E-03 AXL, CDK1, CSNK2A1, FLT3
BP GO:0009987; cellular process GO:0030522; intracellular receptor signaling pathway 1.296E-05 2.823E-03 ESR2, NR1H4, PIM1, PPARA, RORC
BP GO:0050896; response to stimulus GO:0010035; response to inorganic substance 1.316E-05 2.829E-03 ALOX15, AXL, CDK1, CYP1A1, CYP1A2, CYP1B1, KDR
MF GO:0005488; binding GO:0005504; fatty acid binding 1.416E-05 2.888E-03 FABP3, FABP5, FFAR4
BP GO:0050896; response to stimulus GO:0009611; response to wounding 1.446E-05 2.916E-03 ACHE, ALOX15, CDK1, CYP1A1, PPARA
MF GO:0005488; binding GO:0005496; steroid binding 1.534E-05 3.009E-03 ESR2, HSD17B1, NR1H4, RORC
BP GO:0008283; cell proliferation GO:0008284; positive regulation of cell proliferation 1.620E-05 3.149E-03 ALOX12, CDC25B, CDK1, CSNK2A1, FLT3, IGF1R, KDR, PIM1, THPO
BP GO:0008152; metabolic process GO:0018108; peptidyl-tyrosine phosphorylation 1.740E-05 3.324E-03 AXL, FLT3, IGF1R, KDR, MET
BP GO:0008152; metabolic process GO:0018894; dibenzo-p-dioxin metabolic process 1.800E-05 3.380E-03 CYP1A1, CYP1A2
BP GO:0009987; cellular process GO:0070374; positive regulation of ERK1 and ERK2 cascade 2.295E-05 4.050E-03 ALOX15, FFAR4, KDR, NOX4, THPO
BP GO:0008152; metabolic process GO:0051122; hepoxilin biosynthetic process 2.997E-05 4.945E-03 ALOX12, ALOX15
BP GO:0050896; response to stimulus GO:0010243; response to organonitrogen compound 4.123E-05 6.412E-03 CDK1, FABP3, FFAR4, FLT3, IGF1R, NOX4, NR1H4, PPARA
BP GO:0008152; metabolic process GO:0008610; lipid biosynthetic process 4.169E-05 6.438E-03 ACHE, ALOX12, ALOX15, CSNK2A1, CYP19A1, CYP1A1, HSD17B1
BP GO:0040011; locomotion GO:0030334; regulation of cell migration 4.606E-05 6.965E-03 ALOX12, CYP19A1, CYP1B1, IGF1R, KDR, LMNA, MET, NOX4
BP GO:0050896; response to stimulus GO:0050728; negative regulation of inflammatory response 4.817E-05 7.184E-03 CYP19A1, FFAR4, NR1H4, PPARA
BP GO:0032502; developmental process GO:0007568; aging 4.911E-05 7.275E-03 AURKB, CDK1, CYP1A1, NOX4, POLB
MF GO:0060089; molecular transducer activity GO:0005021; vascular endothelial growth factor-activated receptor activity 6.281E-05 9.057E-03 FLT3, KDR
BP GO:0008152; metabolic process GO:0046486; glycerolipid metabolic process 6.605E-05 9.400E-03 ACHE, ALOX15, CSNK2A1, FABP3, FABP5, MET
Enriched KEGG Pathways of Target Proteins (Activity≤1μM)


Top 10 KEGG Pathways (ordered by adjusted p-value)

Detailed Information of Enriched KEGG Pathways
Pathway Category Top Level Pathway Category Second Level Pathway ID Pathway Name p-Value Adjusted p-Value Enriched Genes
09150 Organismal Systems 09152 Endocrine system hsa04913 Ovarian steroidogenesis 2.095E-08 1.801E-06 HSD17B1, CYP1A1, CYP1B1, CYP19A1, IGF1R
09100 Metabolism 09103 Lipid metabolism hsa00140 Steroid hormone biosynthesis 4.487E-08 1.929E-06 HSD17B1, CYP1A2, CYP1A1, CYP1B1, CYP19A1
09100 Metabolism 09105 Amino acid metabolism hsa00380 Tryptophan metabolism 4.248E-05 1.218E-03 CYP1A2, CYP1A1, CYP1B1
09100 Metabolism 09111 Xenobiotics biodegradation and metabolism hsa00980 Metabolism of xenobiotics by cytochrome P450 2.574E-04 3.840E-03 CYP1A2, CYP1A1, CYP1B1
09140 Cellular Processes 09144 Cellular community - eukaryotes hsa04520 Adherens junction 2.679E-04 3.840E-03 CSNK2A1, MET, IGF1R
09150 Organismal Systems 09152 Endocrine system hsa03320 PPAR signaling pathway 2.178E-04 3.840E-03 FABP3, FABP5, PPARA
09150 Organismal Systems 09152 Endocrine system hsa04914 Progesterone-mediated oocyte maturation 6.114E-04 6.573E-03 CDK1, CDC25B, IGF1R
Unclassified Unclassified hsa01100 Metabolic pathways 9.048E-04 8.646E-03 AKR1B10, HSD17B1, CYP1A2, ALOX15, CYP1A1, ALOX12, CYP19A1, HSD17B10
09160 Human Diseases 09161 Cancers hsa05204 Chemical carcinogenesis 3.627E-04 4.456E-03 CYP1A2, CYP1A1, CYP1B1
09130 Environmental Information Processing 09133 Signaling molecules and interaction hsa04060 Cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction 1.022E-03 8.651E-03 THPO, FLT3, KDR, MET
09100 Metabolism 09103 Lipid metabolism hsa00591 Linoleic acid metabolism 1.107E-03 8.651E-03 CYP1A2, ALOX15
Human Diseases Associated with the Target Proteins of the Plant

Detailed Information of Human Diseases
ICD10 Disease Category Disease Name ICD10 Code Associated Disease Targets
(Association Ref: TTD database)
E00-E89: Endocrine, nutritional and metabolic diseases Type 2 diabetes E11 FFAR1;
C00-D49: Neoplasms Medullary thyroid cancer C73 KDR;
J00-J99: Diseases of the respiratory system Airway inflammation J00-J99 FLT3;
C00-D49: Neoplasms Advanced solid tumor C00-C75, C7A, C7B MET;
H00-H59: Diseases of the eye and adnexa Glaucoma H40-H42 ACHE;
NA: NA GIST NA FLT3;
C00-D49: Neoplasms Glioblastoma NA FLT3;
C00-D49: Neoplasms Melanoma C43 KDR;
I00-I99: Diseases of the circulatory system Angiogenesis disorder I00-I99 KDR;
R00-R99: Symptoms, signs and abnormal clinical and laboratory findings, not elsewhere classified Growth failure R62.8 IGF1R;
C00-D49: Neoplasms Metastatic colorectal cancer C18-C21 KDR;
NA: NA Anaplastic mixed oligoastrocytoma NA FLT3;
C00-D49: Neoplasms Head and neck cancer C07-C14, C32-C33 KDR;
I00-I99: Diseases of the circulatory system Heart disease I00-I52 MET;
C00-D49: Neoplasms Metastatic breast cancer C50 KDR;
C00-D49: Neoplasms Hematological malignancies C81-C86 AURKB;
A00-B99: Certain infectious and parasitic diseases Helminth infection A00-B99 ACHE;
NA: NA Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation NA FLT3;
C00-D49: Neoplasms Hepatocellular carcinoma C22.0 MET; IGF1R; KDR;
C00-D49: Neoplasms Gliosarcoma NA FLT3;
C00-D49: Neoplasms Hormonally-responsive breast cancer C50 CYP19A1;
C00-D49: Neoplasms Colon cancer C50 FLT3;
C00-D49: Neoplasms Colorectal cancer C18-C21 IGF1R; KDR; FLT3;
G00-G99: Diseases of the nervous system G00-G99 Epileptic seizures G40, P90, R56 ACHE;
C00-D49: Neoplasms Gastric cancer C16 KDR;
L00-L99: Diseases of the skin and subcutaneous tissue Fibrosis L90.5 MET;
C00-D49: Neoplasms Peritoneal cavity cancer NA KDR;
S00-T88: Injury, poisoning and certain other consequences of external causes Poisoning due to pesticides and chemicals T36-T50 ACHE;
A00-B99: Certain infectious and parasitic diseases Human immunodeficiency virus infection B20-B26 FLT3;
E00-E89: Endocrine, nutritional and metabolic diseases Hormone deficiency E00-E90 IGF1R;
C00-D49: Neoplasms Metastasis C00-C97 AXL;
C00-D49: Neoplasms Solid tumours C00-D48 MET; AURKB; IGF1R; KDR; FLT3;
C00-D49: Neoplasms Malignant adrenal gland cancer C74.0 IGF1R;
C00-D49: Neoplasms Thyroid cancer C73 KDR;
F01-F99: Mental, Behavioral and Neurodevelopmental disorders Anxiety disorder F32, F40-F42 ACHE;
C00-D49: Neoplasms Multiple myeloma C90 IGF1R;
G00-G99: Diseases of the nervous system G00-G99 Myasthenia gravis diagnosis G70.0 ACHE;
C00-D49: Neoplasms Squamous cell cancer of head and neck NA KDR;
H00-H59: Diseases of the eye and adnexa Graves' ophthalmopathy H06.2 IGF1R;
C00-D49: Neoplasms Cancer C00-C96 PIM1; MET; CDK1; IGF1R; KDR; CSNK2A1; FLT3; ACHE; CDC25B;
I00-I99: Diseases of the circulatory system Cardiovascular disorder I00-I99 KDR;
N00-N99: Diseases of the genitourinary system Endometriosis N80 CYP19A1;
F01-F99: Mental, Behavioral and Neurodevelopmental disorders Cognitive disorders F01-F07, F04, F05, R41.3 ACHE;
C00-D49: Neoplasms Renal cell carcinoma NA KDR;
C00-D49: Neoplasms Advanced breast cancer C50 CYP19A1;
C00-D49: Neoplasms Biliary cancer C22, C24 KDR;
C00-D49: Neoplasms Bladder cancer C67 CYP19A1;
C00-D49: Neoplasms Metastatic HER2-negative gastric cancer NA MET;
F01-F99: Mental, Behavioral and Neurodevelopmental disorders Mild cognitive impairment F06.7 ACHE;
K00-K95: Diseases of the digestive system Xerostomia K11.7, R68.2 ACHE;
C00-D49: Neoplasms Ovarian cancer C56 KDR;
C00-D49: Neoplasms Breast cancer C50 CDK1; IGF1R; KDR; FLT3; CYP19A1;
C00-D49: Neoplasms Pancreatic cancer C25 KDR; FLT3;
G00-G99: Diseases of the nervous system G00-G99 Pain G64, G90.0, R52, G89 CDK1; IGF1R; ACHE;
G00-G99: Diseases of the nervous system G00-G99 Parkinson's disease G20 ACHE;
A00-B99: Certain infectious and parasitic diseases Pediculus humanus capitis B85.0 ACHE;
C00-D49: Neoplasms Cutaneous Melanoma C43-C44 KDR;
H00-H59: Diseases of the eye and adnexa Open-angle glaucoma H40-H42 ACHE;
G00-G99: Diseases of the nervous system G00-G99 Motor neurone disease G12.2 IGF1R;
L00-L99: Diseases of the skin and subcutaneous tissue Psoriatic disorder L40 IGF1R;
C00-D49: Neoplasms Glioma C71 KDR;
G00-G99: Diseases of the nervous system G00-G99 Myasthenia gravis G70.0 ACHE;
C00-D49: Neoplasms Liver cancer C22 IGF1R; KDR;
C00-D49: Neoplasms Leukemia C90-C95 FLT3;
N00-N99: Diseases of the genitourinary system Prostate disease N42.9 CYP19A1;
C00-D49: Neoplasms Prostate cancer C61 FLT3;
L00-L99: Diseases of the skin and subcutaneous tissue Psoriasis L40 FLT3;
C00-D49: Neoplasms Acute myeloid leukemia C92.0 AURKB; FLT3;
C00-D49: Neoplasms Acute lymphoblastic leukemia C91.0 FLT3;
NA: NA Early satiation associated with functional dyspepsia NA ACHE;
G00-G99: Diseases of the nervous system G00-G99 Neurodegenerative disease G30-G32 ACHE;
I00-I99: Diseases of the circulatory system Neurological disease I21, I22, R52, R52.1-R52.2, R60.9, G89 NPSR1;
S00-T88: Injury, poisoning and certain other consequences of external causes Poison intoxication T36-T50 ACHE;
K00-K95: Diseases of the digestive system Chemotherapy-induced mucositis K12.3 MET;
H00-H59: Diseases of the eye and adnexa Chronic glaucoma H40-H42 ACHE;
C00-D49: Neoplasms Non-small-cell lung cancer NA KDR;
C00-D49: Neoplasms Non-small cell lung cancer C33-C34 MET; IGF1R; KDR; AXL;
E00-E89: Endocrine, nutritional and metabolic diseases Non-insulin dependent diabetes E11.9 FFAR1;
N00-N99: Diseases of the genitourinary system Urinary dysfunction N39.3-N39.4 ACHE;
NA: NA Upper abdominal bloating NA ACHE;
C00-D49: Neoplasms Advanced renal cell carcinoma C64 KDR;
C00-D49: Neoplasms Advanced malignancies C00-C96 KDR;
C00-D49: Neoplasms Metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer C61 KDR;
E00-E89: Endocrine, nutritional and metabolic diseases Diabetes E23.2, N25.1 FFAR1;
C00-D49: Neoplasms Myelodysplastic syndrome D46 KDR;
C00-D49: Neoplasms Myelofibrosis C94.4, D47.4 FLT3;
C00-D49: Neoplasms Myeloid leukemia C92 FLT3;
C00-D49: Neoplasms Fallopian tube cancer C57.0, D28.2 KDR;
K00-K95: Diseases of the digestive system Liver disease K70-K77 MET;
C00-D49: Neoplasms Renal cancer C64 KDR;
C00-D49: Neoplasms CLL NA FLT3;
C00-D49: Neoplasms AML NA KDR; FLT3;
G00-G99: Diseases of the nervous system G00-G99 Alzheimer disease G30 ACHE;
C00-D49: Neoplasms Gastrointestinal cancers C15-C26 KDR;
Data Section
Select to Download
1. General Info & Plant Usage & Geographical Distribution  
2. Human Target Proteins  
3. Target Gene Ontology  
4. Target KEGG Pathway  
5. Related Human Diseases  
>> Profiles of ingredients and activity landscape
>> Collective molecular activities profile at 10μM cutoff
>> Targets derived from weak experimental activities
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The CMAUP database is developed by the Bioinformatics & Drug Design group (BIDD), which is based in the Department of Pharmacy, National University of Singapore, Singapore.

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Principle Investigator:
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Developer & Maintainer:
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